FACTORS AFFECTING GRAIN DRY-DOWN IN EARLY-MATURING EUROPEAN AND CANADIAN CORN HYBRIDS

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 465-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. S. BARON ◽  
T. B. DAYNARD
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
A Value ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Dry Down ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Pericarp Thickness ◽  
Final Harvest

Twenty-two corn (Zea mays L.) hybrids of European (EUR), of Canadian (CAN) and of Canadian origin but of European phenotype (CPE) were compared for factors affecting rate of dry-down over 11 location-years (1977–1979) in Manitoba and Ontario. Percent kernel moisture (PKM) of CAN hybrids at 20–30 days postsilking was equal to or higher than that of EUR hybrids; 40–60 days later PKM was at least 3% lower for the former compared to the latter. Differences in resistances to kernel water loss among hybrid groups were related to differences in husk and pericarp characteristics. Husks of the CPE hybrids senesced approximately 8 days before those of the EUR hybrids and weighed less. In a 2-yr husk modification experiment involving hybrids of CAN and EUR classification, PKM at final harvest of Limagrain 11 (EUR) with husks completely removed was reduced to a value similar to that of the control of Stewart 2300 (CAN). Pericarp thickness of CAN and CPE hybrids was 80–85% of the mean thickness of the EUR hybrids.Key words: Dry-down, early corn, European, Canadian

scholarly journals SKRINNING FITOKIMIA, UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DAN TABIR SURYA PADA TANAMAN JAGUNG (Zea mays L.)

PHARMACON ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 194
Author(s):  
David Albert Pangemanan ◽  
Edi Suryanto ◽  
Paulina V. Y. Yamlean
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Flavonoid Compounds ◽  
A Value ◽  
Maximum Protection ◽  
Area North ◽  
Corn Plants ◽  
Corn Kernels

ABSTRACT Corn (Zea Mays L.) is widely developed in Indonesia. Corn kernels showed total phenolic and antioxidant activity. Antioxidants have the potential as photoprotectors, therefore, plants containing phenolic compounds can be used in the prevention of free radicals. For this reason, researcher is interested in further researching the phytochemical screening, antioxidant activity and sunscreen testing from extracts of stems, leaves, hair and leaf wrapping from corn (Zea mays L.). The samples used were corn plants (corn silk, corn leaves, corn stalks and leaf wrapping corn) originating from Kauditan area, North Minahasa. The results of the study showed that the leaf contained saponin and flavonoid compounds, the stem contained alkaloid and saponin compounds, the hair contained alkaloid and flavonoid compounds, and the leaf wrapping only contained alkaloid compounds. The highest to lowest total phenolic content values starting from the stem were 46.93 μg / mL, the leaf wrapping 37.76 μg / mL, the leaf 26.63 μg / mL and hair 14.49 μg / mL. The leaf has the highest antioxidant activity with a value of 72.81% followed by 62.87% stem then wrapping leaf 43.13%  and finally hair 29.14%. The SPF value of the stem was included in the ultra protection with a value of 16.117 followed by the leaves included in the maximum protection with an SPF value of 10.902. While the hair with SPF value of 0.6 and wrapping leaf with SPF value of 0.222 are included in the minimum protection. Keywords: Corn (Zea Mays L.), Sunscreen, Antioxidants, Phenol ABSTRAK Jagung (Zea Mays L.) banyak dikembangkan di Indonesia. Biji jagung menunjukkan kadar total fenolik dan aktivitas antioksidan. Antioksidan memiliki potensi sebagai fotoprotektor, oleh karena itu, tanaman yang mengandung senyawa fenolik dapat digunakan dalam pencegahan radikal bebas. Untuk itu peneliti tertarik untuk meneliti lebih lanjut tentang skrining fitokimia, uji aktivitas antioksidan dan tabir surya dari ekstrak batang, daun, rambut, dan daun pembungkus dari jagung (Zea mays L.). Sampel yang digunakan ialah tanaman jagung (rambut jagung, daun jagung, batang jagung dan daun pembungkus jagung) yang berasal dari daerah Kauditan, Minahasa Utara. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan daun mengandung senyawa saponin dan flavonoid, batang mengandung senyawa alkaloid dan saponin, rambut mengandung senyawa alkaloid dan flavonoid, dan daun pembungkus hanya mengandung senyawa alkaloid. Nilai kandungan total fenolik  yang paling tinggi sampai paling rendah dimulai dari batang sebesar 46.93 μg/mL, daun pembungkus 37.76 μg/mL, daun 26.63 μg/mL dan rambut 14.49 μg/mL. Daun memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang paling tinggi dengan nilai 72.81% diikuti oleh batang 62.87% kemudian daun pembungkus 43.13% dan yang terakhir adalah rambut 29.14%. Nilai SPF batang termasuk dalam proteksi ultra dengan nilai 16,117 diikuti oleh daun yang termasuk dalam proteksi maksimal dengan nilai SPF 10,902. Sedangkan rambut dengan nilai SPF  0,6 dan daun pembungkus dengan nilai SPF 0,222 termasuk dalam proteksi minimal. Kata Kunci : Jagung (Zea Mays L.), Tabir Surya, Antioksidan, Fenol

Chemical factors affecting uptake and translocation of six pesticides in soil by maize (Zea mays L.)

2020 ◽  
pp. 124269
Author(s):  
Feiyan Wang ◽  
Xin Li ◽  
Sumei Yu ◽  
Shuhong He ◽  
Duantao Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Chemical Factors

Fumonisin B1 and Hydrolyzed Fumonisin B1 (AP1) in Tortillas and Nixtamalized Corn (Zea mays L.) from Two Different Geographic Locations in Guatemala†

1999 ◽  
Vol 62 (10) ◽  
pp. 1218-1222 ◽  
Author(s):  
FILMORE I. MEREDITH ◽  
OLGA R. TORRES ◽  
SANDRA SAENZ de TEJADA ◽  
RONALD T. RILEY ◽  
ALFRED H. MERRILL
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Human Impact ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Fumonisin B1 ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Santa Maria ◽  
Mean Concentration

Fumonisin B1 (FB1) is a common contaminant of corn worldwide and is responsible for several diseases of animals. In the preparation of tortillas, corn is treated with lime (producing nixtamal) that when heated hydrolyzes at least a portion of the FB1 to the aminopentol backbone (AP1), another known toxin. This study analyzed the amounts of FB1 and AP1 in tortillas and nixtamal from two communities in the central highlands of Guatemala where corn is a major dietary staple (Santa Maria de Jesus, Sacatepequez, and Patzicia, Chimaltenango). The amounts of FB1 and AP1 in tortillas from Santa Maria de Jesus were, respectively, 0.85 ± 2.0 and 26.1 ± 38.5 μg/g dry weight (mean ± SD), and from Patzicia were 2.2 ± 3.6 and 5.7 ± 9.4 μg/g dry weight. Less than 6% of the tortillas from both locations contained ≥10 μg FB1/g dry weight; whereas, 66% of the samples from Santa Maria de Jesus and 29% from Patzicia contained ≥10 μg AP1/g dry weight. The highest amount of AP1 (185 μg/g dry weight) was found in tortillas from Santa Maria de Jesus. The highest amounts of FB1 were 6.5 and 11.6 μg/g dry weight in tortillas from Santa Maria de Jesus and Patzicia, respectively. The mean concentration of FB1 in nixtamal was significantly higher in Santa Maria de Jesus compared to Patzicia. Surprisingly, AP1 was not detected in any of the nixtamal samples. The human impact of exposure to these amounts of fumonisins is not known. However, based on findings with other animals, where corn is a dietary staple, long-term consumption of FB1 and AP1 (especially at ≥10 μg/g of the diet) may pose a risk to human health.

scholarly journals Effect of different drip irrigation depths on the damage of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in corn hybrids (Zea mays L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
Iracema Raquel Santos BEZERRA ◽  
João Pedro Ferreira BARBOSA ◽  
Rafael Lima Vieira dos SANTOS ◽  
Rafael de Almeida LEITE ◽  
Dacio Rocha BRITO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

O milho (Zea mays L.) é uma das culturas de maior importância econômica mundial, entretanto, existem locais com baixos índices pluviométricos que deixam essa cultura sujeita ao déficit hídrico. Para amenizar este problema usa-se irrigação, podendo-se citar a de gotejamento como mais eficiente. No entanto, pragas diminuem a produtividade dessa cultura, principalmente a Spodoptera frugiperda. Assim, à medida que novos híbridos são produzidos, surge a carência de analisar a suscetibilidade deles às pragas. Com isso, objetivou-se neste trabalho, analisar o efeito da aplicação de irrigação por gotejamento em diferentes lâminas nos danos de S. frugiperda em híbridos de milho. A pesquisa foi realizada no Polo Tecnológico Agroalimentar de Arapiraca, com semeadura manual com 5 linhas de 5 m por parcela, sendo essas linhas separadas 0,80 m entre as mesmas e 0,10 m entre plantas. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados com três repetições dispostas em arranjo fatorial 4x3. Foram avaliadas todas as plantas das parcelas, exceto da bordadura. Os dados foram transformados em √x e submetidos a ANOVA pelo teste F no software SISVAR, havendo significância, realizou-se teste de Tukey e regressão linear. Somente os híbridos diferiram pelo teste F entre os tratamentos, o híbrido Janor foi o que obteve menor média de dano. Conclui-se que houve diferença significativa quantos aos danos de S. frugiperda em híbridos, todavia não foi encontrada diferença entre as lâminas de irrigação por gotejamento nem sua interação com os híbridos.

scholarly journals Tolerance of Eight Sweet Corn (Zea mays L.) Hybrids to Pyroxasulfone

HortScience ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 170-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah R. Sikkema ◽  
Nader Soltani ◽  
Peter H. Sikkema ◽  
Darren E. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Field Corn

Pyroxasulfone is an experimental herbicide for use in field corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean that may have potential for weed management in sweet corn. Tolerance of eight sweet corn hybrids to pyroxasulfone applied preemergence (PRE) at rates of 0, 209, and 418 g·ha−1 a.i. were studied at two Ontario locations in 2005 and 2006. Pyroxasulfone applied PRE at 209 and 418 g·ha−1 caused minimal (less than 3%) injury in Harvest Gold, GH2041, GH9589, GSS9299, GG214, GG446, GG763, and GG447 sweet corn hybrids at 7, 14, and 28 days after emergence. Pyroxasulfone applied PRE did not reduce plant height, cob size, or yield of any of the sweet corn hybrids tested in this study. Based on these results, pyroxasulfone applied PRE at the rates evaluated can be safely used for weed management in Harvest Gold, GH2041, GH9589, GSS9299, GG214, GG446, GG763, and GG447 sweet corn.

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