N2O emissions from spring barley production as influenced by fertilizer nitrogen rate

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
B J Zebarth ◽  
P. Rochette ◽  
D L Burton
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
National Study ◽  
N2o Emissions ◽  
Agricultural Crop ◽  
Fertilizer N ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Carbon Availability

Usage of mineral nitrogen (N) fertilizers for agricultural crop production systems is a major contributor to anthropogenic nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. As part of a national study to quantify N2O emissions under different cropping systems and in different eco-regions, this study quantified the effect of fertilizer N rate on spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) on N2O emissions in 3 yr in a cool maritime climate with humid soil moisture regimes. Treatments were 0, 75 and 150 kg N ha-1 as ammonium nitrate applied as a pre-plant broadcast. N2O emissions were increased by fertilizer N application in each year. In 2003 and 2005, elevated N2O emissions occurred in the 6-wk period following fertilizer application when soil NO3-N concentrations were high. However, in 2004 and 2005, peak N2O emissions occurred near crop harvest. Elevated N2O emissions at this time were attributed to increased carbon availability due to re-wetting of dry soil. Therefore, the effect of fertilizer N management on N2O emissions may not necessarily occur immediately after treatment application. This emphasizes the importance of measuring N2O emissions outside of the crop growth period. Fertilizer-induced cumulative N2O emissions averaged 0.011 and 0.021 kg N kg-1 N when fertilizer N rate was increased from 0 to 75 kg N ha-1 and from 75 to 150 kg N ha-1, respectively, indicating increased N2O emissions when fertilizer is applied at above optimal rates. N2O emissions increased linearly with nitrate intensity, the summation of daily NO3-N concentrations for 0- to 15-cm depth. This suggests that the non-linearity in the relationship between fertilizer N rate and N2O emissions can be explained by the decreasing efficiency in crop NO3-N uptake at high fertilizer N rates. Key words: Hordeum vulgare, soil nitrate, denitrification, carbon availability

Crop residue and fertilizer management effects on nutrient use and barley production

1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 389-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. K. Soon
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Crop Residue ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Residue Management ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
Fertilizer N ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Straw Management ◽  
Nutrient Use

Cereal straw has many potential on-farm and off-farm uses. If straw is to be removed from land, the practice should not adversely impact long-term crop production and soil quality. A 10-yr experiment was conducted on a Dark Grey Solod near Beaverlodge, Alberta (55°13′N, 119°20′W) to determine the effects of fertilizer and straw management on the yield of, and nutrient (N and P) use by, continuous barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Four straw management treatments: (i) straw removal; (ii) straw ploughed in; (iii) straw disked in; and (iv) straw disked in plus a red clover (Trifoleum pratense L.) green manure disked in every fifth year, were superimposed on four fertilizer treatments. The fertilizer treatments were application of N and P: (i) banded at soil-test recommended rates (ST,b); (ii) broadcast and incorporated at soil-test recommended rates (ST,bi); (iii) banded at soil-test rates of N+ 25 kg ha−1 and P+ 10 kg ha−1 (ST+,b); and (iv) as in (iii) but broadcast-applied and incorporated (ST+,bi). The straw ploughed-in treatment tended to produce lower annual barley yield and N uptake (by 9 and 13%, respectively) than the other three residue treatments. Barley yield and utilization of N and P were unaffected by straw removal as compared to disking-in straw. Barley yield and N uptake were higher (by 12 and 17%, respectively) with N and P application at the higher rate. At the recommended rate, broadcast-and-incorporated application of fertilizers resulted in lower yields and nutrient use than banded-in application. Treatment effects on P uptake tended to be small. The green-manured treatment used less fertilizer N, resulted in less total barley grain production, and did not increase the amount of crop residues incorporated. It is concluded that grain yield and nutrient (N and P) use of a continuous barley cropping system, fertilized at recommended rates of N and P, were unaffected by straw removal. Key words: Crop residue management, continuous barley production, fertilizer N and P

Barley seed storage under controlled conditions

2019 ◽  
pp. 140-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. A. Zadorozhna ◽  
T. P. Shyianova ◽  
M.Yu. Skorokhodov
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Storage

Seed longevity of 76 spring barley gene pool samples (Hordeum vulgare L. subsp. distichon, convar. distichon: 56 nutans Schubl., two deficience (Steud.) Koern., two erectum Rode ex Shuebl., two medicum Koern.; convar. nudum (L.) A.Trof.: one nudum L. та subsp. vulgare: convar. vulgare: nine pallidum Ser., three rikotense Regel.; convar. coeleste (L.) A.Trof.: one coeleste (L.) A.Trof.) from 26 countries, 11 years and four places of reproduction was analyzed. Seeds with 5–8% moisture content were stored in chamber with unregulated and 4oC temperature. The possibility of seed storage under these conditions for at least 10 years without significant changes in germination has been established. The importance of meteorological conditions in the formation and ripening of seeds for their longevity is confirmed. The relationship between the decrease of barley seeds longevity and storage conditions, amount of rainfall, temperature regime during the growing season of plants is discussed.

scholarly journals The Influence of Genotype and Environment on Arabinoxylan and Beta-glucan Contents in Grain of Spring Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 553-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Macháň ◽  
Jaroslava Ehrenbergerová ◽  
Radim Cerkal ◽  
Karolína Benešová ◽  
Kateřina Vaculová
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Beta Glucan ◽  
Fungicide Treatment ◽  
Spring Variety ◽  
Beta Glucans ◽  
Growing Environment

Arabinoxylan and beta-glucan contents are limiting factors for a wider use of barley production. Arabinoxylan and beta-glucan contents were assessed in grain samples in sets of seven malting hulled varieties, three hull-less lines and one hull-less spring variety grown in the localities of Branišovice, Žabčice, and Kroměříž in 2009 to 2011. Further, the effect of growing technologies on the level of these non-starch polysaccharides was studied. Variability of arabinoxylan contents was affected most significantly by a genotype and growing technology whereas variability of beta-glucan contents was mostly affected by a genotype and growing environment (interaction of year with locality). The highest values of arabinoxylans and beta-glucans were determined in the grain samples of hull-less lines (KM 1057: 6.16% of arabinoxylans and KM 2084: 6.41% of beta-glucans) and on the contrary, the lowest values of arabinoxylans were found in the grain of hull-less variety AF Lucius (3.85%) and lowest amounts of beta-glucans were found in malting variety Radegast (3.92%). The samples of the growing technology without fungicide treatment had on average more arabinoxylans and beta-glucans than the fungicide non-treated ones.

Comparison of Selection Efficiency for Spring Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) under Organic and Conventional Farming Conditions

Crop Science ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 626-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aina Kokare ◽  
Linda Legzdina ◽  
Chris Maliepaard ◽  
Rients E. Niks ◽  
Edith T. Lammerts van Bueren
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Conventional Farming ◽  
Selection Efficiency ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Organic And Conventional Farming

Diversity of germination and seedling traits in a spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) collection under drought simulated conditions

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adel H. Abdel-Ghani ◽  
Kerstin Neumann ◽  
Celestine Wabila ◽  
Rajiv Sharma ◽  
Sidram Dhanagond ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Seedling Traits
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