Effect of preceding crop management on crop yield and soil properties assessed using standard erosion plots

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 553-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linnell Edwards ◽  
Jack Burney
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Coming Out ◽  
Crop Management ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Soil Physical Properties ◽  
Straw Mulch ◽  
Compost Amendment

Using blanket crops of ryegrass and under-seeded barley (with red clover) super-imposed on standard erosion plots just coming out of potatoes, this study assessed the influence of preceding soil-and-crop management treatments viz., straw mulch, compost and liquid pig manure (LPM) (antecedent input variables) on crop yield, soil physical properties and erosion amounts (subsequent response variables). There were no significant carry-over effects on erosion amounts, and effects on yield were limited to red clover. However, soil properties (reflecting compactability, structure and soil water retention) were affected throughout - showing general improvements of up to 46%. Thus, soil water content (SWC) was 9.4% greater with compost amendment than it was for the control. SWC with compost was also greater than it was with straw mulch by 7.9%. Soil organic matter (SOM) showed a 13% increase with compost amendment relative to the control. SOM also showed a 5% increase with compost relative to straw mulch. Compost uniquely gave yield increases in red clover, double that of the control, while LPM gave unique increases in hydraulic conductivity and SOM under red clover to the extent of 60 and 24% (respectively) relative to the control. Key words: Soil physical properties, soil erosion, organic amendments, potatoes, barley, red clover

scholarly journals Characterizing Soil Physical Properties for Soil Moisture Monitoring with the North Carolina Environment and Climate Observing Network

2012 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 933-943 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weinan Pan ◽  
R. P. Boyles ◽  
J. G. White ◽  
J. L. Heitman
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Soil Physical Properties ◽  
The North ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Soil Moisture Monitoring

Abstract Soil moisture has important implications for meteorology, climatology, hydrology, and agriculture. This has led to growing interest in development of in situ soil moisture monitoring networks. Measurement interpretation is severely limited without soil property data. In North Carolina, soil moisture has been monitored since 1999 as a routine parameter in the statewide Environment and Climate Observing Network (ECONet), but with little soils information available for ECONet sites. The objective of this paper is to provide soils data for ECONet development. The authors studied soil physical properties at 27 ECONet sites and generated a database with 13 soil physical parameters, including sand, silt, and clay contents; bulk density; total porosity; saturated hydraulic conductivity; air-dried water content; and water retention at six pressures. Soil properties were highly variable among individual ECONet sites [coefficients of variation (CVs) ranging from 12% to 80%]. This wide range of properties suggests very different behavior among sites with respect to soil moisture. A principal component analysis indicated parameter groupings associated primarily with soil texture, bulk density, and air-dried water content accounted for 80% of the total variance in the dataset. These results suggested that a few specific soil properties could be measured to provide an understanding of differences in sites with respect to major soil properties. The authors also illustrate how the measured soil properties have been used to develop new soil moisture products and data screening for the North Carolina ECONet. The methods, analysis, and results presented here have applications to North Carolina and for other regions with heterogeneous soils where soil moisture monitoring is valuable.

scholarly journals Diagnostic role of soil physical properties of forest biogeocoenoses of the Ukrainian steppe zone

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. Gorban
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Granulometric Composition ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Soil Physical Properties ◽  
Soil Science ◽  
Pedotransfer Functions ◽  
Diagnostic Feature ◽  
Aggregate Composition

For the current stage of the development of soil science it is relevant to search for objectively existing interactions between the various soil properties. Solving this issue most appropriately should be based on the establishment of pedotransfer functions. Pedotransfer functions appeared at the time of the birth of quantitative soil science, when one of the properties of the soil tried to predict others when it became clear that everything in the soil is interrelated when it was established that there is a well-defined number of fundamental, basic properties of the soil, which is basically defines its other properties. Accordingly, the purpose of our work is to establish the diagnostic value of the individual soil physical properties of forest biogeocoenoses of the steppe by means of determining the existing interconnections between them and other properties and characteristics of these soils. The solution of this issue is one of the tasks of developing research on the soil physical properties of forest biogeocoenoses of the Ukrainian steppe zone. The diagnostic value of granulometric and structural-aggregate composition, density and permeability for determining the general state of soils due to the existence of certain interactions between the indicated parameters and other soil properties is considered. The granulometric composition is a fundamental soil characteristic that determines not only the physical state, but also all the main soil properties and regimes of forest biogeocoenoses of the Ukrainian steppe zone. The structural and aggregate composition is an important complex diagnostic feature of chernozem, which helps to reveal the peculiarities of their genesis under the influence of forest vegetation, in particular as a result of changes in the content and composition of organic matter, exchange cations, the influence of root vegetation systems, etc. The soil density, due to existing interactions with other soil properties, is an important diagnostic feature that reflects the features of their genesis and regimes, which determines the specificity of the ecological functions of the soils of forest biogeocoenoses of the Ukrainian steppe zone. Water permeability can be considered as a complex characteristic of soils, which to a certain extent reflects their granulometric composition, porosity, structural and aggregate composition, determines the features of the water-air regime. The differences of physical properties of zonal chernozems and chernozems, the genesis of which are connected with artificial and natural forest biogeocoenoses within the steppe zone of Ukraine, are analyzed. The relevance of the further search for relationships between physical indicators that are easily and promptly analyzed, and other soil properties for expanding diagnostic possibilities with respect to their genesis is pointed out.

One-Time Tillage of No-Till Systems: Soil Physical Properties, Phosphorus Runoff, and Crop Yield

2007 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 1104-1110 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Quincke ◽  
C. S. Wortmann ◽  
M. Mamo ◽  
T. Franti ◽  
R. A. Drijber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Soil Physical Properties ◽  
No Till ◽  
Phosphorus Runoff

Soil Physical Properties, Nitrogen, and Crop Yield in Organic Vegetable Production Systems

2016 ◽  
Vol 108 (3) ◽  
pp. 1142-1154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig G. Cogger ◽  
Andy I. Bary ◽  
Elizabeth A. Myhre ◽  
Ann-Marie Fortuna ◽  
Doug P. Collins
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Soil Physical Properties ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Organic Vegetable Production

Does biochar influence soil physical properties and soil water availability?

2013 ◽  
Vol 376 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 347-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Hardie ◽  
Brent Clothier ◽  
Sally Bound ◽  
Garth Oliver ◽  
Dugald Close
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Soil Physical Properties ◽  
Soil Water Availability

Spatial relationship between soil hydraulic and soil physical properties in a farm field

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 473-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Biswas ◽  
B C Si
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Shape Parameter ◽  
Spatial Relationship ◽  
Soil Physical Properties ◽  
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Hydraulic Parameters ◽  
Curve Shape ◽  
Scaling Parameter

The relationship between soil properties may vary with their spatial separation. Understanding this relationship is important in predicting hydraulic parameters from other soil physical properties. The objective of this study was to identify spatially dependent relationships between hydraulic parameters and soil physical properties. Regularly spaced (3-m) undisturbed soil samples were collected along a 384 m transect from a farm field at Smeaton, Saskatchewan. Saturated hydraulic conductivity, the soil water retention curve, and soil physical properties were measured. The scaling parameter, van Genuchten scaling parameter α (VGα), and curve shape parameter, van Genuchten curve shape parameter n (VGn), were obtained by fitting the van Genuchten model to measured soil moisture retention data. Results showed that the semivariograms of soil properties exhibited two different spatial structures at spatial separations of 20 and 120 m, respectively. A strong spatial structure was observed in organic carbon, saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks), sand, and silt; whereas a weak structure was found for VGα and VGn. Correlation circle analysis showed strong spatially dependent relationships of Ks and VGα; with soil physical properties, but weak relationships of θs and VGn with soil physical properties. The spatially dependent relationships between soil physical and soil hydraulic parameters should be taken into consideration when developing pedotransfer functions. Key words: Spatial relationship, geostatistics, linear coregionalization model, principal component analysis, pedotransfer function

Soil Physical Properties of Tied Ridges in the Sudan Savannah of Burkina Faso

1988 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 375-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. R. Hulugalle ◽  
M. S. Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Soil Physical Properties ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Soil Water Retention ◽  
Maize Varieties

SUMMARYThe soil physical properties of tied ridges were measured in a trial, established in 1983, comparing three treatments: handhoe cultivation and planting on the flat; planting directly without any cultivation on tied ridges constructed the previous year; and handhoe cultivation and remoulding of tied ridges constructed the previous year. Two maize varieties and two management levels were used. The soil properties monitored were particle size distribution, penetro-meter resistance in the surface 20 mm, bulk density, water infiltration, soil water retention and soil temperature.Soil physical properties were affected mainly by the type of seedbed. Clay content in the surface 0.05 m was greater with tied ridging, with that in the furrows being higher than that in the ridge slopes. Daily maximum soil temperature was greatest in the flat planted plots and in the ridge slopes of the tied ridged plots. Penetrometer resistance at a soil water content of 0.05 kg kg−1 was greater in the tied ridged plots. Cumulative infiltration after 2 h was greatest with flat planting. The bulk density of ridge slopes in tied ridged plots was less than that in the furrows and in the flat planted plots. Soil water retention was greatest in the furrows of the tied ridged plots. Clay content was the major factor determining all the soil physical properties measured.

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