scholarly journals The influence of hexazinone on carbon dioxide evolution and mineralization of nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur in a forest soil

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 433-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G. Maynard
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Forest Soil ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Organic Layer ◽  
Direct Impact ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Evolution ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
S Mineralization ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus ◽  
Root And Shoot Biomass

The effect of hexazinone (applied as Velpar L.) on carbon dioxide (CO2) evolution, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and sulfur (S) mineralization in a surface organic layer (L–H horizons) of a forest soil was followed during a 150-d laboratory incubation. Hexazinone was applied at recommended field rates equivalent to 2 and 4 kg a.i. ha−1 and at a higher rate, 8 kg a.i. ha−1. A bioassay determined that hexazinone at 4 and 8 kg a.i. ha−1 affected the root and shoot biomass of oats for up to 63 d after application. Hexazinone had no effect on CO2 evolution, ammonification, nitrification or net S mineralization in the L–H horizons. An increase in extractable P was found in the hexazinone-treated soils at the end of the incubation. Hexazinone applied at recommended field rates of 2 and 4 kg a.i. ha−1 would have little direct impact on nutrient-cycling processes in the L–H horizons of mixed-wood cutovers. Key words: Hexazinone, carbon dioxide evolution, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, forest soils

The change in agrochemical indicators of soil fertility under the influence of heavy metal contamination

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (91) ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
S. H. Korsun ◽  
N. I. Dovbash
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Forest Soil ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Gray Forest Soil ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Background Concentration ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Natural Background Concentration ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus ◽  
Hydrolytic Acidity

The aim of the study was to establish changes in the physico-chemical and agrochemical characteristics of gray forest large-clay loamy soil, depending on the contamination of ecotopes by heavy metals. Methods. Field, laboratory, mathematical and statistical. Results. The results of the study of the soil of areas with an over-dimensioned content of heavy metals and the transformation of agrochemical characteristics of gray forest soil in the cultivation of corn for grain. It was established that under conditions of systematic application of mineral fertilizers in agrocenoses, an increase in the lead concentration to 100 mg/kg, cadmium to 2,0, zinc to 50 mg/kg in gray forest soil did not result in a decrease in the amount available forms of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium by plants, compared with the natural background. Concentration of lead in the amount of 1000 mg/kg, cadmium – 20, zinc – 500 mg/kg marked an increase in exchange and hydrolytic acidity and loss of humus.

The Effect of Salinity on Root Architecture in Forage Pea (Pisum sativum ssp. arvense L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Acikbas ◽  
M.A. Ozyazici ◽  
H. Bektas
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Root Architecture ◽  
System Development ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Legume Crop ◽  
Root System Development ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Root And Shoot Biomass

Background: Plants face different abiotic stresses such as salinity that affect their normal development, growth and survival. Forage pea is an important legume crop for herbage production in ruminants. Its agronomy requires high levels of irrigation and fertilization. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of salinity on seedling root system development in forage pea under semi-hydroponics conditions.Methods: Different treatment of NaCl doses (0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250 and 300 mM) on root architecture was investigated in two different forage pea cultivars (Livioletta and Ulubatlý) with contrasting root structures under controlled conditions. The experimental design was completely randomized design with three replications and nine plants per replication.Result: Salinity affects root and shoot development differently on these cultivars. Despite the salinity, Livioletta produced more shoot (0.71 g) and root biomass (0.30 g) compared to Ulubatlý (0.52 g and 0.25 g for Root and Shoot biomass, respectively) at 150 mM and all other salinity levels. Livioletta developed a better root system and tolerated salt to a higher dose than Ulubatlý. Understanding root system responses of forage pea cultivars may allow breeding and selecting salinity tolerant cultivars with better rooting potential.

scholarly journals THE POSSIBILITIES OF REDUCING THE FUEL CONSUMPTION BY COVERING THE LOADING CAPACITY OF TIPPING SEMI-TRAILER DESIGNED TO CARRY BULK MATERIALS

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 455-462
Author(s):  
František Synák ◽  
Vladimír Rievaj ◽  
Monika Kiktová ◽  
Tomasz Figlus
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Loading Capacity ◽  
Direct Impact ◽  
Bulk Materials ◽  
Global Pollution ◽  
The Impact

The amount of fossil fuels consumed has direct impact on global pollution and health status of the human population. An increasing amount of fuel consumed leads to the increase using of non-renewable resources of energy. This article deals with possibilities of reducing the fuel consumption by covering the loading capacity of tipping semi-trailer. The introduction of this paper describes the impact the amount of fuel consumed on production of carbon dioxide. The ratio of driving resistances to fuel consumption is shown in the graph. In the second part of the article there is the methodology of the measurements. The measurements were conducted by driving test. The fuel consumption of tipping semi-trailer was measured during the driving with uncovered and covered loading capacity. The importance of this paper lies in the quantified the possibilities of reducing the fuel consumption by covering the loading capacity of tipping semi-trailer designed to carry bulk materials.

scholarly journals Root and Shoot Biomass Growth of Constructed Floating Wetlands Plants in Saline Environments

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oriana Sanicola ◽  
Terry Lucke ◽  
Michael Stewart ◽  
Katharina Tondera ◽  
Christopher Walker
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Phragmites Australis ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Percentage Increase ◽  
Biomass Growth ◽  
Saline Environments ◽  
Floating Wetlands ◽  
Root And Shoot Biomass

Constructed Floating Wetlands (CFWs) are increasingly being used globally in freshwater environments such as urban lakes and ponds to remove pollutants from urban stormwater runoff. However, to date there has been limited research into the use and performance of these systems in saline environments. This study compared the root and shoot biomass growth and nutrient uptake of five different plant species, Chrysopogon zizanioides, Baumea juncea, Isolepis nodosa, Phragmites australis and Sarcocornia quinqueflora, in three different saltwater treatments over a 12-week period. The aim of the study was to identify which of the plant species may be most suitable for use in CFWs in saline environments. Plant nutrient uptake testing revealed that Phragmites australis had the greatest percentage increase (1473–2477%) of Nitrogen mass in the shoots in all treatments. Sarcocornia quinqueflora also had impressive Nitrogen mass increase in saltwater showing an increase of 966% (0.208 ± 0.134 g). This suggests that the use of Phragmites australis and Sarcocornia quinqueflora plants in CFWs installed in saline water bodies, with regular harvesting of the shoot mass, may significantly reduce Nitrogen concentrations in the water. Isolepis nodosa had the greatest percentage increase (112% or 0.018 ± 0.020 g) of Phosphorous mass in the shoots in the saltwater treatment. Baumea juncea had the greatest percentage increase (315% or 0.026 ± 0.012 g) of Phosphorous mass in the roots in the saltwater treatment. This suggests that the use of Isolepis nodosa and Baumea juncea plants in CFWs installed in saline water bodies may significantly reduce Phosphorous concentrations in the water if there was a way to harvest both the shoots above and the roots below the CFWs. The study is continuing, and it is anticipated that more information will be available on CFW plants installed in saline environments in the near future.

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