scholarly journals THE POSSIBILITIES OF REDUCING THE FUEL CONSUMPTION BY COVERING THE LOADING CAPACITY OF TIPPING SEMI-TRAILER DESIGNED TO CARRY BULK MATERIALS

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 455-462
Author(s):  
František Synák ◽  
Vladimír Rievaj ◽  
Monika Kiktová ◽  
Tomasz Figlus
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Loading Capacity ◽  
Direct Impact ◽  
Bulk Materials ◽  
Global Pollution ◽  
The Impact

The amount of fossil fuels consumed has direct impact on global pollution and health status of the human population. An increasing amount of fuel consumed leads to the increase using of non-renewable resources of energy. This article deals with possibilities of reducing the fuel consumption by covering the loading capacity of tipping semi-trailer. The introduction of this paper describes the impact the amount of fuel consumed on production of carbon dioxide. The ratio of driving resistances to fuel consumption is shown in the graph. In the second part of the article there is the methodology of the measurements. The measurements were conducted by driving test. The fuel consumption of tipping semi-trailer was measured during the driving with uncovered and covered loading capacity. The importance of this paper lies in the quantified the possibilities of reducing the fuel consumption by covering the loading capacity of tipping semi-trailer designed to carry bulk materials.

scholarly journals An Attempt to Reduce the Emission of Spark-Ignition Engine with Mixtures of Bioethanol and Gasoline as Substitute Fuels

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
Wojciech Gis ◽  
Maciej Gis ◽  
Piotr Wiśniowski ◽  
Mateusz Bednarski
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Limiting emissions of harmful substances is a key task for vehicle manufacturers. Excessive emissions have a negative impact not only on the environment, but also on human life. A significant problem is the emission of nitrogen oxides as well as solid particles, in particular those up to a diameter of 2.5 microns. Carbon dioxide emissions are also a problem. Therefore, work is underway on the use of alternative fuels to power the vehicle engines. The importance of alternative fuels applies to spark ignition engines. The authors of the article have done simulation tests of the Renault K4M 1.6 16v traction engine for emissions for fuels with a volumetric concentration of bioethanol from 10 to 85 percent. The analysis was carried out for mixtures as substitute fuels – without doing any structural changes in the engine's crankshafts. Emission of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrocarbons, oxygen at full throttle for selected rotational speeds as well as selected engine performance parameters such as maximum power, torque, hourly and unit fuel consumption were determined. On the basis of the simulation tests performed, the reasonableness of using the tested alternative fuels was determined on the example of the drive unit without affecting its constructions, in terms of e.g. issue. Maximum power, torque, and fuel consumption have also been examined and compared. Thus, the impact of alternative fuels will be determined not only in terms of emissions, but also in terms of impact on the parameters of the power unit.

scholarly journals The impact of roof box on fuel consumption

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-32
Author(s):  
František Synák ◽  
◽  
Vladimír Rievaj
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Passenger Vehicles ◽  
Financial Costs ◽  
Vehicle Operation ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Criteria Pollutant Emissions

Passenger vehicles are major petroleum consumers and contributors of greenhouse gas and criteria pollutant emissions in many countries around the world. The amount of fuel consumed affects the environment, status of health of human population as well as financial costs that are associated with vehicle operation. The roof box is one of the often used vehicle attachments. The aim of the paper is to measure the increase of fuel consumption affected by an installed roof box. The impact of roof box on the increase of fuel consumption is measured at the speeds of 50 km.h-1, 90 km.h-1 and 130 km.h-1. The introduction of the paper describes particular harmful constituents of exhaust gases and their effects. Another part of the article includes the methodology of measurement and its results. The last part of the article involves the evaluation of results and recommendations relating to reduction of the increase of fuel consumption affected by roof box.

scholarly journals A study of hydrogen fuel impact on compression ignition engine performance

2018 ◽  
Vol 234 ◽  
pp. 03001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgeni Dimitrov ◽  
Boyko Gigov ◽  
Spas Pantchev ◽  
Philip Michaylov ◽  
Mihail Peychev
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Nitrogen Oxides ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Concentration ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
The Impact

In this paper, a dual-fuel compression ignition engine test bench is presented. In hydrogen-diesel fuel co-combustion conditions, the engine parameters are determined – performance: effective torque, effective power and mean effective pressure; fuel economy: fuel consumption and specific fuel consumption; toxicity: carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons, and smoke emissions (opacity). The impact of hydrogen-diesel fuel mass ratio on the performance, toxicity and economy of the engine is studied by obtaining a series of hydrogen-diesel fuel ratio variation characteristics at constant engine speed and load. Improvement of the economical parameters of the engine and reduction of carbon dioxide concentration in exhaust gases is detected under operation with hydrogen gas fuel. Significant reduction of the exhaust gases opacity is observed. It is not clear what the impact of the quantity of hydrogen, injected in the engine, on the concentration of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gases is.

scholarly journals A holistic evaluation of the impact of UK renewable strategy on emissions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriaan Smuts Van Niekerk ◽  
Peter Kay
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Test Procedure ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Ternary Blend ◽  
Practical Reasons ◽  
Engine Emissions ◽  
The Impact

Reduction in fossil fuels, contributing to greenhouse gases, and improvement of air quality from vehicle emissions is of growing concern worldwide. This has led to the introduction of several binding and non-binding agreements, such as the Renewable Energy Directive to increase the renewable content of fuel for transportation, the carbon dioxide emissions standards to limit the amount of carbon dioxide emissions from vehicles and the Euro Standards to limit the amount of emissions harmful to human health in the exhaust. However, the influence of the fuel composition on hazardous exhaust emissions is a complex, and often contradictory, relationship between factors such as the fuel properties, combustion characteristics and engine load. Therefore policy implemented to improve one aspect, such as a reduction in carbon dioxide, can have a detrimental effect on another such as increased NOx emissions.This paper analyses, in a holistic manner, the impact on carbon dioxide and harmful emissions from transient compression ignition engines when increasing the renewable content of the fuel to meet the renewable energy targets. The analysis is based on a model developed from a rigorous Design of Experiment methodology used to determine the complex relationship between renewable fuel content and exhaust emissions (carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides). Unlike other studies, the results were collected from a transient engine cycle, the World Harmonised Light vehicle Test Procedure, rather than steady state conditions, thus the results are more applicable to the real world.The results generally show that as the amount of ethanol is increased then the NOx and CO emissions decrease compared to current pump diesel. Increasing the biodiesel content generally increases the CO and CO2 emissions from the engine. For practical reasons a ternary blend is required to minimise the diesel engine emissions whilst meeting the UK’s future renewable content target. A blend of B2.4E10 was found to be the optimum compromise between renewable content and engine emissions. However, for this to be achieved the UK will have to invest in second and third generation ethanol.

scholarly journals FUEL SUBSIDY, ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND ENVIRONMENTAL OUTCOMES IN NIGERIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-43
Author(s):  
Folorunso Sunday Ayadi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Fossil Fuel Consumption ◽  
The Impact

This study investigates the impact of energy subsidy, energy consumption, urbanization, economic growth, foreign direct investment, and trade openness on carbon dioxide emission and other greenhouse gases in Nigeria. Based on the method of cointegration and Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL), the study utilized data from 1970 to 2018 for the analysis. The study found fossil fuel consumption, economic growth, trade openness and PMS Price (a proxy for subsidy) as significantly increasing emission (Carbon dioxide) in Nigeria. The implication is that as that as the prices of PMS goes up (due to subsidy reduction), more of fuel is consumed. Our analysis demonstrated that PMS is price inelastic in Nigeria. In addition, subsidy or its removal will have no impact on carbon dioxide emission and other greenhouse gas emission in Nigeria. The study recommends the development of cleaner, renewable fuels and the development of abatement technology so as to mitigate the environmental impacts of growth. In addition, since the reduction in subsidy has no deterrent impact on fossil fuel consumption in Nigeria, then the recent removal of fossil fuel subsidy in Nigeria is a welcome development at least for the environment.

Modelling Radiative Heat Transfer in Oxycoal Combustion

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachael Porter ◽  
Mohamed Pourkashanian ◽  
Alan Williams ◽  
David Smith
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Radiative Heat Transfer ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Radiative Heat ◽  
Radiative Properties ◽  
Pure Oxygen ◽  
Distribution Method ◽  
The Impact

The reduction of greenhouse gas emissions is essential to mitigate the impact of energy production from fossil fuels on the environment. Oxyfuel technology is a process developed to reduce emissions from power stations by removing nitrogen from air and burning the fossil fuels in a stream of pure oxygen. The remaining oxidiser is composed of recycled flue gas from the furnace to reduce temperatures. The product of this system is a flue gas with very high carbon dioxide concentration enabling more efficient capture and storage. Accurate modelling of oxyfuel is essential to gain better understanding of the combustion fundamentals and obtain accurate predictions of properties within the furnace that cannot be measured. Heat transfer to the furnace walls will be affected due to the different composition of the gases in the furnace. Carbon dioxide has higher heat capacity than nitrogen. Water vapour and carbon dioxide also exhibit absorption spectra of radiation in the infra-red region of the spectrum relating to wavelengths observed in combustion. Accurate CFD modelling of radiative heat transfer in oxyfuel combustion will require improvements to the radiative properties model to account for the spectral nature of radiation. In addition the impact of the solid fuel particles, soot and ash are considered. Several different radiative properties models have been tested to assess the impact on the predicted radiation and temperatures under air and oxy firing conditions. The results for radiation transferred to the walls are highly dependent upon the model chosen and the need for an accurate radiative properties model for oxyfuel firing, such as the full-spectrum k-distribution method is demonstrated.

scholarly journals Eco House Design: A House Design to Reducing Carbon Dioxide Emission

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tedi Ahmad Bahtiar ◽  
Amalia Nurjannah ◽  
Maryoko Hadi
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
House Design ◽  
The Impact

Until 2016, fossil fuels as primary energy are included in the top three most widely used. The process of combustion of fossil fuels causes the release of tremendous amounts of carbon to the atmosphere. In the atmosphere, carbon turns into carbon dioxide (CO2) or often called greenhouse gas. Greenhouse gas has a negative impact on the environment: direct effects like acid rains, and indirect effects like global warming. In Indonesia, the buildings used 37.8 percent of the total national energy consumption and are directly responsible for 37.8 percent of CO2 emission. This study aims to discuss the impact of reducing energy consumption used by the household on the risk of greenhouse gases. A computer simulation was used to calculate energy consumption in buildings. A conversion method from building energy consumption to the amount of CO2 emission was used to determine the level of reduction of greenhouse gas risk. Some parameters were evaluated, such as building’s material (e.g., roof, wall) and building geometry. It was found that the energy consumption savings were around 66.1 percent and operational CO2 savings were obtained 923 kg/year.

Impact of Wind-Assisted Technologies on Resistance and Stability of Commercial Ship

CFD Letters ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 95-115
Author(s):  
Aditya Agung Haripriyono ◽  
Yaseen Adnan Ahmed ◽  
Mohammed Abdul Hannan
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Wind Energy ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Low Wind Speed ◽  
The Impact

The use of fossil fuels on commercial ships significantly contributes to the increase of carbon dioxide emission, and adaptation of renewable energy can help control that emission efficiently. Historically, the extraction of wind energy is found to be the best renewable energy solution for commercial ships; and recently, with renewed interest in this area, various wind energy extraction devices are proposed in the literature. This study investigates the effectiveness of one such technology, wing-sail, on a tanker ship. The NACA 4412 series is adopted to design the sail in this regard, and a fowler flap is added to aid the sail in low wind speed. ANSYS Fluent is used to carry out this CFD simulation-based study. The effects of onboard wing-sails under various apparent wind angles, wind speeds, and wing-sail orientations have been examined. The impact of wing-sail on the stability of the ship is also analyzed. It is concluded that the ship can save fuel and reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 1.8% to 2.4% while using the wing-sail with the aid of a fowler flap. Also, this combination of wing-sail with the fowler flap is found to be the best in providing extra thrust for commercial ships without significantly sacrificing its stability.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF RENEWABLE ENERGY CONSUMPTION ON CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS - THE CASE OF SOUTH AMERICAN COUNTRIES

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matheus Da Costa Koengkan ◽  
José Alberto Fuinhas
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
South American ◽  
Renewable Energy Consumption ◽  
Distributed Lag ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Impact

The impact of renewable energy consumption on the carbon dioxide emissions was analyzed for a panel of ten South American countries in a period from 1980 to 2012. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag Methodology was used in order to decompose the total effect of renewable energy consumption on the carbon dioxide emissions in its short- and long-run components. The results indicate that the consumption of renewable energy reduce the carbon dioxide emissions in -0.0420 % when the consumption of alternative sources increases in 1% in short-run. The empirical evidence shows that the renewable consumption plays an important role in reducing CO2 emissions and that the economic growth and energy consumption in the South American countries are still based on fossil fuels.  Keywords: Environmental, Energy economics, Econometric.

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