The biology of Canadian weeds. 128. Leucanthemum vulgare Lam.

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 343-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Clements ◽  
Dan E. Cole ◽  
Jane King ◽  
Alec McClay
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
North America ◽  
Yukon Territory ◽  
Perennial Herb ◽  
Old Fields ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Far North ◽  
Pasture Quality ◽  
Ray Florets ◽  
Noxious Weed

Leucanthemum vulgare Lam. (Asteraceae), known as ox-eye daisy, is a familiar perennial herb with white ray florets and yellow disc florets. It commonly inhabits roadside ver ges, pastures and old fields from Newfoundland to British Columbia, and also as far north as the Yukon Territory. Introduced from Europe, L. vulgare was well established in North America by 1800. The Canadian distribution of L. vulgare has expanded in many areas recently, particularly in western Canada. It can form dense populations that may reduce diversity of natural vegetation or pasture quality, and also serves as a host and reservoir for several species of polyphagous gall-forming Meloidogyne nematodes that feed on crops. It is considered a noxious weed under provincial legislation in Quebec, Manitoba, Alberta and British Columbia, as well as under the Canada Seeds Act. Control efforts are sometimes complicated by difficulties in distinguishing ox-eye daisy from some forms of the commercially available Shasta daisy ( L. × superbum).

The Caragana Aphid, Acyrthosiphon caraganae (Cholod.) in Western Canada, and its Separation from the Pea Aphid

1962 ◽  
Vol 94 (10) ◽  
pp. 1075-1077 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Robinson ◽  
G. A. Bradley
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
North America ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Pea Aphid ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Forest Insect ◽  
Disease Survey ◽  
Caragana Arborescens

Except for occasional references in the Annual Reports of the Forest Insect and Disease Survey of infestations of an aphid on caragana (Caragana arborescens Lam.) in Western Canada and a note on chemical control (Bradley, 1952), there is no published record known to the authors of the occurrence of the caragana aphid, Acyrthosiphon caraganae (Cholod.), in North America. MacNay (1953) summarized reports that severe infesrations of aphids, “probably mainly the caragana aphid”, occurred on caragana in 1952 in the East Kootenays of British Columbia, and at several places in Alberta and Saskatchewan. At some localities 100 per cent defoliation was reported.

Denali-Yukon, Domain 9

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Earl B. Alexander ◽  
Roger G. Coleman ◽  
Todd Keeler-Wolfe ◽  
Susan P. Harrison
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
North America ◽  
Yukon Territory ◽  
Ultramafic Rocks ◽  
Mean Annual Precipitation ◽  
Alaska Range ◽  
Coast Mountains ◽  
Denali Fault ◽  
Ice Caps ◽  
Mountain Glaciers

The Denali-Yukon domain occupies a broad arc that, in general, follows the path of the Denali Fault along the Alaska Range and southwestward into the Yukon Territory. An ophiolite in the northwestern corner of British Columbia that is northeast of the projected Denali fault is included in this locality. A projection of the Denali fault system southwestward from the Alaska Range passes through the southwestern part of the Ahklun Mountains physiographic province, as the province was defined by Wahrhaftig (1965), to Kuskokwim Bay between the mouth of the Kuskowim River and Cape Newenham. Three mafic–ultramafic complexes on the southwestern edge of the Ahklun Mountains province are included in this domain. Glaciers covered this entire domain during the Pleistocene, and mountain glaciers and ice caps are still present at the higher elevations. Permafrost is currently discontinuous. The highest mountain in North America (Mt. McKinley, 6194 m) is in the Alaska Range, but the ultramafic rocks are all at much lower elevations. The climate is very cold throughout the domain, with severe winters and short summers. The mean annual precipitation ranges from 45 to150 cm in the Ahklun Mountains, from 30 to 60 cm in the Alaska Range, and from 30 to 75 cm, or more, in the Atlin area of northwestern British Columbia, which is in the rain shadow of the Coast Mountains. The greatest precipitation is during summers, from June or July to September or October. The frostfree period is on the order of 60–90 days, or shorter, but it may be longer in some of the Atlin area of British Columbia. Localities 9-1 through 9-3 are from Cape Newenham northeastward in the Ahklun Mountains. The ultramafic rocks in the Cape Newenham area were accreted to North America by north directed thrust faults during the Late Triassic and Middle Jurassic time. Localities 9-4 through 9-7 are in the Alaska Range. Locality 9-8 is along a projection of the Denali fault to the eastern edge of the Coast Ranges in British Columbia.

Chlorophyll–Phosphorus Relationships for Subarctic Lakes in Western Canada

1987 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 775-781 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. Ostrofsky ◽  
F. H. Rigler
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Chlorophyll Concentration ◽  
Yukon Territory ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Subarctic Lakes ◽  
Empirical Relationships ◽  
Chl A ◽  
The Relationship

Concentrations of total phosphorus and chlorophyll a were measured weekly in 49 lakes in the vicinity of Yellowknife, N.W.T., Canada, from May to September 1977. The relationship between [TPspr] and [Chl asu] was significantly different from the Dillon–Rigler model, but similar to relationships developed for lakes in Alberta, British Columbia, and the Yukon Territory. Empirical relationships were developed between [TPspr] and maximum chlorophyll a concentrations and the probability of exceeding critical concentrations of chlorophyll a. These models may be potentially more useful than models which predict only a mean summer chlorophyll concentration.

Anastrophyllum assimile and Marsupella revoluta, new to the interior of North America

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (19) ◽  
pp. 2479-2484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana G. Horton
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
North America ◽  
Northwest Territories ◽  
North American ◽  
Yukon Territory ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Devon Island ◽  
New Localities ◽  
Central Eastern ◽  
Coastal British Columbia

Anastrophyllum assimile (Mitt.) Steph. and Marsupella revoluta (Nees) Lindb. are reported from the Keele Peak area, central-eastern Yukon Territory, Canada, and M. revoluta is also reported from Devon Island, Northwest Territories, Canada. These new localities extend a pattern of disjunct occurrences throughout the known range of both species, which further support the hypothesis of their relictual status. However, collections of A. assimile from coastal British Columbia and the Alexander Archipelago, Alaska, are indicative of strong oceanic affinities of North American populations of this species. Also, the arctic and alpine localities at which either A. assimile or M. revoluta might be expected to occur in the interior of Alaska and the Yukon are limited in number as both species invariably occur in association with siliceous substrates.

Review of the Ocalea group of genera (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Aleocharinae) in Canada and Alaska: new taxa, bionomics, and distribution

2004 ◽  
Vol 136 (4) ◽  
pp. 443-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Klimaszewski ◽  
Georges Pelletier
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
British Columbia ◽  
Type Species ◽  
First Record ◽  
Yukon Territory ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
Mixed Species ◽  
Nomen Novum ◽  
Nearctic Region

AbstractA review of the Nearctic genera and Canadian and Alaskan species of the Ocalea group is presented. Ten genera are treated, with five erected as new: Alfocalea Klimaszewski gen. nov. (type species: A. montana Klimaszewski sp. nov.), Betocalea Klimaszewski gen. nov. (type species: B. pacifica Klimaszewski sp. nov.), Gennadota Casey (reinstated), Longipeltina Bernhauer, Megocalea Klimaszewski gen. nov. (type species: M. lemieuxi Klimaszewski sp. nov.), Metocalea Klimaszewski gen. nov. (type species: M. lindgreni Klimaszewski sp. nov.), Neoisoglossa (Casey) (nomen novum), Neothetalia Klimaszewski gen. nov. (type species: N. nimia (Casey)), Ocalea Erichson (restricted definition), and Parocalea Bernhauer. Twenty-four species of the Ocalea group are here recognized in the Nearctic region, fourteen of which occur in Canada. Six new species are described from western Canada and Alaska: Neothetalia smetanai Klimaszewski sp. nov. (Canada: British Columbia), Neothetalia canadiana Klimaszewski sp. nov. (Canada: British Columbia, Yukon Territory; United States: Alaska), Betocalea pacifica (Canada: British Columbia), Alfocalea montana (Canada: Alberta, British Columbia), Metocalea lindgreni (Canada: British Columbia), and Megocalea lemieuxi (Canada: British Columbia). The first record of Neoisoglossa agnita (Casey) in Alberta is provided. Two nominal species, Atheta (Athetalia) bicarniceps Casey (= Neoisoglossa) and Isoglossa grandicollis (Casey) (= Neoisoglossa), are here synonymized with Neoisoglossa arcuata (Casey). Aleochara pallitarsis Kirby has been transferred to the genus Neothetalia and is newly recorded from Alaska and British Columbia. Ocalea columbiana Klimaszewski has been transferred to Neothetalia and is newly recorded from Alaska. Neothetalia pallitarsis was formerly recorded from an unknown locality in North America and Neothetalia columbiana from the Carmanah Valley on Vancouver Island. Neothetalia nimia is newly recorded from Alaska. A new generic classification is proposed to accommodate species of the Nearctic Ocalea group. New data are provided on the systematics, relationships, bionomics, and distribution of the Nearctic species and genera of America north of Mexico. Diagnoses, colour images of entire bodies, and line illustrations of genital features are provided for those Canadian and Alaskan species that were not formerly illustrated, and their collection localities are plotted on maps. A key to Nearctic genera of the Ocalea group and the species occurring in Canada and Alaska is presented. The lectotypes have been designated for the following nominal species because the original series consisted of syntypes or represented mixed species or both sexes but with males bearing a better diagnostic set of characters: Aleochara picata Stephens (= Ocalea), Atheta (Athetalia) bicarniceps, Atheta (Athetalia) nimia Casey (= Neothetalia), Atheta (Athetalia) repensa Casey (= Neoisoglossa), Isoglossa arcuata Casey (= Neoisoglossa), Ocalea agnita Casey (= Neoisoglossa), Ocalea franciscana Casey (= Neoisoglossa), Ocalea fusca Fenyes (= Neoisoglossa), Ocalea grandicollis Casey (= Neoisoglossa), Pyroglossa grossa Bernhauer, Rheobioma disjuncta Casey (= Neoisoglossa), Rheobioma marcida Casey (= Neoisoglossa), and Rheobioma terrena Casey (= Neoisoglossa).

scholarly journals Xylocopa sonorina Smith, 1874 from Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Xylocopinae) with comments on its taxonomy

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cory Sheffield ◽  
Jennifer Heron ◽  
Luciana Musetti
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
British Columbia ◽  
North America ◽  
Pacific Islands ◽  
Dna Barcode ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
French Polynesia ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Carpenter Bees ◽  
South Pacific Islands

Only one species of large carpenter bee, Xylocopa virginica (Linnaeus, 1771), has been recorded from Canada, albeit restricted to southern Ontario and Quebec. However, a single female specimen identified by Hurd in 1954 as X. varipuncta Patton, 1879 from British Columbia is in the C.A. Triplehorn Insect Collection at The Ohio State University (OSUC), suggesting that this species was accidentally introduced into coastal western Canada. As wood-nesters, many large carpenter bees are likely capable of expanding their range great distances by natural and unnatural transport methods while nesting inside suitable substrates, the presumed mode of transport into western Canada, and likely elsewhere. The ease at which the nests are transported has likely contributed to the nomenclatural and distributional ambiguity surrounding this species due to morphological similarities of specimens from North America, Hawaii, and several South Pacific islands. By comparing DNA barcodes of specimens from the western United States to specimens from Hawaii, we confirm the early opinion of P.H. Timberlake (Timberlake 1922) that specimens long established on the Hawaiian Islands are the same X. varipuncta from continental North America. Furthermore, these DNA barcode sequences also match those of specimens identified as X. sonorina Smith, 1874 from the French Polynesian and Samoan Islands, thus fully supporting the opinion of Groom et al. (2017) that all are likely conspecific. As X. sonorina, a species described from and likely introduced to Hawaii is the oldest name available, X. varipuncta is here placed into synonymy. Additional research will be needed to trace the timing and pathway of introduction and establishment of X. sonorina; it is presumed that the species is native to the southwestern United States but has been established in Hawaii since the mid-1800s. It is also established in French Polynesia, the Samoan Islands, and likely other south Pacific islands, with additional records of occurrence from Java, New Zealand, and now Canada.

Pilosella aurantiaca (orange hawkweed).

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghislaine Cortat ◽  
Gitta Grosskopf
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
North America ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Perennial Herb ◽  
Native Range ◽  
Hieracium Pilosella ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Noxious Weed ◽  
Vegetation Loss

Abstract P. aurantiaca is a perennial herb which has spread rapidly in North America after its introduction as an ornamental and/or the contamination of pasture seeds from its native range in Europe. Although it is known to be a noxious weed elsewhere, it continues to be available as a garden ornamental and is therefore likely to spread further. It is an undesirable invader on account of its competitiveness, prolific seed production and vigorous vegetative growth leading to a drastic change in vegetation, loss in forage for stock, and loss of biodiversity. All Hieracium/Pilosella species are prohibited entry to Australia and New Zealand, and in the USA, P. aurantiaca is a declared weed in Colorado, Idaho, Minnesota and Washington.

Distribution of the species of the genus Oxyloma (Mollusca, Succineidae) in southern Canada and the adjacent portions of the United States

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (7) ◽  
pp. 1607-1611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart A. Harris ◽  
Leslie Hubricht
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
British Columbia ◽  
The United States ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Yukon Territory ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Northern Ontario ◽  
Continental Divide ◽  
Southern Alberta ◽  
The Common

Extensive collecting and dissecting of live material shows that eight species of Oxyloma occur in southern and western Canada. Oxyloma haydeni is the common species across the Prairies from northern Ontario to southern Alberta. Oxyloma kanabensis occurs west of Edmonton, east of the Continental Divide and north of Sundre, while O. nuttalliana occurs west of the Continental Divide in southern British Columbia. Oxyloma groenlandica is found in the Yukon Territory and in the intermontane valleys in interior British Columbia. Oxyloma hawkinsi occurs sparsely, centred in the Okanagan area, but also persists as a probable remnant of the Hypsithermal interval at Exshaw, Alberta. Oxyloma retusa and O. gouldi are confined to the southern portions of Ontario and Quebec.A new species, Oxyloma missoula, occurs in and adjacent to the areas occupied by the former Pluvial Lake Bonneville and Glacial Lake Missoula. All the species could have survived from before the last Wisconsinan ice advance since their distributions straddle the boundary of the glaciated area.

scholarly journals Signatures of post-glacial genetic isolation and human-driven migration in the Dothistroma needle blight pathogen in western Canada

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnaud Capron ◽  
Nicolas Feau ◽  
Renate Heinzelmann ◽  
Irene Barnes ◽  
Andy Benowicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Gene Flow ◽  
North America ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Population History ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Haplotypic Diversity ◽  
Improvement Programs ◽  
Dothistroma Needle Blight ◽  
Needle Blight

Many current tree improvement programs are incorporating assisted gene flow strategies to match reforestation efforts with future climates. This is the case for the lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia), the most extensively planted tree in western Canada. Knowledge of the structure and origin of pathogen populations associated with this tree would help improve the breeding effort. Recent outbreaks of the Dothistroma needle blight (DNB) pathogen Dothistroma septosporum on lodgepole pine in British Columbia and its discovery in Alberta plantations raised questions about the diversity and population structure of this pathogen in western Canada. Using genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) on 119 D. septosporum isolates from 16 natural pine populations and plantations from this area, we identified four genetic lineages, all distinct from the other DNB lineages from outside of North America. Modeling of the population history indicated that these lineages diverged between 31.4 and 7.2k years ago, coinciding with the last glacial maximum and the post-glacial recolonization of lodgepole pine in western North America. The lineage found in the Kispiox Valley from British Columbia, where an unprecedented DNB epidemic occurred in the 1990s, was close to demographic equilibrium and displayed a high level of haplotypic diversity. Two lineages found in Alberta and Prince George (British Columbia) showed departure from random mating and contemporary gene flow, likely resulting from pine breeding activities and material exchanges in these areas. The increased movement of planting material could have some major consequences by facilitating secondary contact between genetically isolated DNB lineages, possibly resulting in new epidemics.

New distribution records for 48 species of Polyporaceae in western Canada

1971 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 899-902
Author(s):  
James H. Ginns ◽  
Ruth Macrae
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Northwest Territories ◽  
Yukon Territory ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
First Time ◽  
New Distribution

Forty-eight species of Polyporaceae are reported for the first time from the four western Provinces and Yukon and District of Mackenzie of the Northwest Territories. The number of species reported are from Manitoba 11, Saskatchewan 8, Alberta 20, British Columbia 10, Yukon Territory 4, and Northwest Territories (Mackenzie Dist.) 13.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document