Factorial analysis of self-incompatibility in alfalfa

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. Campbell ◽  
Y. He
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Phenotypic Selection ◽  
Hybrid Vigor ◽  
Growth Chamber ◽  
Mass Selection ◽  
Pollen Production ◽  
Self Incompatibility ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Selection Scheme ◽  
Self Compatibility

Self-incompatibility (seeds/pod and seeds/floret tripped) was evaluated in the growth chamber (27°C) using a 6 × 6 factorial arrangement. Parents represented a broad range of self-compatibility and were selected on the basis of stability of autogamous seed production in the greenhouse and growth chamber. Additive genetic variation appeared to be most important, indicating that a mass selection scheme such as recurrent phenotypic selection would be effective in increasing levels of self-incompatibility in at least some alfalfa populations. Narrow-sense heritability estimates for seeds/pod and seeds/floret tripped were 0.23 (SE = 0.09) and 0.28 (SE = 0.06), respectively. There is a direct relationship between autogamous seed production and pollen production, however, results of this experiment indicate that there may be considerable variation in pollen production, germination and vigor among self-incompatible clones. Increased seed set resulting from self-incompatible × self-incompatible crosses could be a function of greater gamete selection in the self-incompatible parents (due to deleterious genes), improved pollen germination, and hybrid vigor in pollen tube growth. Key words: Medicago sativa L., autogamy, allogamy, hybrid

Hand-Tripped Flowers Promote Seed Production in Arachis lignosa, a Wild Peanut1

1990 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald J. Banks
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Growth Chamber ◽  
Self Incompatibility ◽  
Self Pollination ◽  
Reproductive Sterility ◽  
High Degree

Abstract In trials conducted in the greenhouse, growth chamber, and outdoors, no pegs or pods were produced when A. lignosa (Chod. et Hassl.) Krap. et Greg. nom. nud. plants were allowed to pollinate naturally. However, hand tripping flowers, especially in the greenhouse, resulted in significant increases in pod production. The results suggest that the high degree of reproductive sterility usually noted for A. lignosa in culture is due to pollination failure rather than to physiological self incompatibility. The somewhat truncated shape of the stigma and its elevated position relative to the anthers probably restricts natural self-pollination without the aid of pollinating vectors such as bees.

scholarly journals A nonS-locus F-box gene breaks self-incompatibility in diploid potatoes

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Ma ◽  
Chunzhi Zhang ◽  
Bo Zhang ◽  
Fei Tang ◽  
Futing Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potato Breeding ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Hybrid Breeding ◽  
Self Incompatibility ◽  
Diploid Hybrid ◽  
Food Crop ◽  
Global Food Security ◽  
The Third ◽  
Self Compatibility ◽  
Global Food

AbstractPotato is the third most important staple food crop. To address challenges associated with global food security, a hybrid potato breeding system, aimed at converting potato from a tuber-propagated tetraploid crop into a seed-propagated diploid crop through crossing inbred lines, is under development. However, given that most diploid potatoes are self-incompatible, this represents a major obstacle which needs to be addressed in order to develop inbred lines. Here, we report on a self-compatible diploid potato, RH89-039-16 (RH), which can efficiently induce a mating transition from self-incompatibility to self-compatibility, when crossed to self-incompatible lines. We identify the S-locusinhibitor (Sli) gene in RH, capable of interacting with multiple allelic variants of the pistil-specific S-ribonucleases (S-RNases). Further, Sli gene functions like a general S-RNase inhibitor, to impart SC to RH and other self-incompatible potatoes. Discovery of Sli now offers a path forward for the diploid hybrid breeding program.

Heritability of Metribuzin Tolerance in Sweet Potatoes (Ipomoea batatas)

Weed Science ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 715-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard F. Harrison ◽  
Alfred Jones ◽  
Philip D. Dukes
Keyword(s):  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Mass Selection ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Sweet Potatoes ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Shoot Fresh Weight ◽  
Potting Medium ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Heritability Estimates

Twenty-two sweet potato [Ipomoea batatas(L.) Lam.] clones with a wide range in metribuzin [4-amino-6-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-3-(methylthio)-1,2,4-triazin-5(4H)-one] tolerance were used to establish narrow sense heritability estimates (h2) using a greenhouse procedure. The heritability estimates were obtained from simple linear regressions (h2= 2b) of injury rating, shoot fresh weight, and change in shoot fresh weight of offspring against the same responses of parents at metribuzin concentrations of 0, 0.3, and 0.6 ppm in the potting medium and averaged data for the two concentrations. These values ranged from 0.85 to 1.0, indicating that a recurrent mass selection process should be an appropriate approach to developing metribuzin-tolerant cultivars. Several highly tolerant clones were identified.

scholarly journals Downregulated expression of S2-RNase attenuates self-incompatibility in “Guiyou No. 1” pummelo

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianbing Hu ◽  
Qiang Xu ◽  
Chenchen Liu ◽  
Binghao Liu ◽  
Chongling Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Spontaneous Mutation ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Spontaneous Mutant ◽  
Self Incompatibility ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Citrus Maxima ◽  
Self Compatibility

AbstractSelf-incompatibility (SI) substantially restricts the yield and quality of citrus. Therefore, breeding and analyzing self-compatible germplasm is of great theoretical and practical significance for citrus. Here, we focus on the mechanism of a self-compatibility mutation in ‘Guiyou No. 1’ pummelo (Citrus maxima), which is a spontaneous mutant of ‘Shatian’ pummelo (Citrus maxima, self-incompatibility). The rate of fruit set and the growth of pollen tubes in the pistil confirmed that a spontaneous mutation in the pistil is responsible for the self-compatibility of ‘Guiyou No. 1’. Segregation ratios of the S genotype in F1 progeny, expression analysis, and western blotting validated that the reduced levels of S2-RNase mRNA contribute to the loss of SI in ‘Guiyou No. 1’. Furthermore, we report a phased assembly of the ‘Guiyou No. 1’ pummelo genome and obtained two complete and well-annotated S haplotypes. Coupled with an analysis of SV variations, methylation levels, and gene expression, we identified a candidate gene (CgHB40), that may influence the regulation of the S2-RNase promoter. Our data provide evidence that a mutation that affects the pistil led to the loss of SI in ‘Guiyou No. 1’ by influencing a poorly understood mechanism that affects transcriptional regulation. This work significantly advances our understanding of the genetic basis of the SI system in citrus and provides information on the regulation of S-RNase genes.

Self-Incompatibility, Protandry, Pollen Production and Pollen Longevity in Banksia menziesii

1991 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 497 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Ramsey ◽  
G Vaughton
Keyword(s):  
Natural Population ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Pollen Production ◽  
Self Incompatibility ◽  
Cross Pollination ◽  
Pollen Vectors ◽  
Pollen Longevity ◽  
Pollen:Ovule Ratio

Controlled self- and cross-pollination indicated that a natural population of Banksia menziesii (Proteaceae) was self-incompatible. Flowers were protandrous. Deposition of pollen into the stigmatic cavity was regulated by opening of the stigmatic groove. Stigmatic grooves opened 24-48 h after the flowers opened. Pollen production was high and the pollen:ovule ratio was approximately 10000. Over 90% of pollen grains were viable when flowers first opened. Viability decreased rapidly with time and most pollen was inviable within 24 h. These results indicate that B. menziesii requires pollen vectors to produce seed and suggest that pollinators may have influenced the evolution of the reproductive traits that were examined.

Floral Biology and Self-Incompatibility in Some Australian Mistletoes of the Genus Amyema (Loranthaceae)

1980 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 437 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Bernhardt ◽  
RB Knox ◽  
DM Calder
Keyword(s):  
Floral Biology ◽  
Self Incompatibility ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
In Vitro Pollination ◽  
Mature Flower ◽  
Pollen Presentation ◽  
Self Compatibility ◽  
Safe Mechanism ◽  
Fail Safe

Facultative cleistogamy has not been found In some Austrahan Amyema spp , and the stigma does not functlon in pollen presentation at anthesis. Wlthin mature flower buds self-polllnatlon is prevented by morphological and physiological barriers, a protandrous condition largely prevents mechanical or zoophilous self-pollination In vitro pollination experiments revealed that xenogamous crosses are most successful In the production of pollen tubes in the style although geitonogamy may act as a 'fail safe mechanism' at varying levels under natural condltlons in A miquelii (Lehm, ex Miq) Van Tiegh, A. miraculosum (Miq ) Van Tiegh and A. penduium (Sieber ex Spreng ) Van Tiegh. Of the four species studied, A. quandang (Lindl ) Van Tiegh had the highest levels of self-compatibility.

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