scholarly journals Effect of mancozeb on the control of mycosphaerella blight of field pea

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 403-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. D. Warkentin ◽  
A. G. Xue ◽  
D. W. McAndrew
Keyword(s):  
Yield Loss ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Genetic Resistance ◽  
Similar Efficacy ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Mycosphaerella Pinodes ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Plot Design

Mycosphaerella blight (MB) [Mycosphaerella pinodes (Berk. & Blox.)Vestergr.] causes substantial yield loss to field pea in western Canada in most seasons and is a disease for which genetic resistance is lacking. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of foliar application of mancozeb for the control of MB of field pea. Field trials of split-plot design were conducted at two sites per year from 1996 to 1998 in southern Manitoba, with cultivars as main-plots and fungicide treatments as sub-plots. In most site-years, a single application of mancozeb at the early flowering stage was effective in reducing MB severity and in increasing yield. Mancozeb had similar efficacy to chlorothalonil, the only currently registered fungicide for control of MB in field pea. The beneficial effect of both fungicides was greater for the highly MB susceptible cultivars AC Tamor and Carrera than the moderately MB susceptible cultivar Radley. Key words: Pisum sativum, field pea, mycosphaerella blight, mancozeb, chlorothalonil

Impact of seeding rate and depth on mycosphaerella blight and seed yield of field pea

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 845-853 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. F. Hwang ◽  
R. L. Conner ◽  
K. F. Chang ◽  
B. D. Gossen ◽  
H. Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Mycosphaerella Pinodes ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Seedling Density ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Foliar Fungicide ◽  
The Impact

Mycosphaerella blight (Mycosphaerella pinodes) occurs throughout western Canada and can severely reduce field pea (Pisum sativum) seed yield. Field trials were conducted at two sites (Edmonton, AB, and Morden, MB) from 2001 to 2003 to assess the impact of seeding rate and seeding depth on blight severity. Mycosphaerella blight severity in the canopy was greater at higher seeding rates; treatments seeded at 30 plants m-2 had lower levels of disease than those seeded at more than 100 seeds m-2. However, yield potential was reduced at low seeding densities. Depth of seeding did not affect seedling density, disease severity, yield or final seed weight. In addition, field trials were conducted at Edmonton to quantify yield losses associated with mycosphaerella blight in Alberta. In trials inoculated with M. pinodes, application of a foliar fungicide (chlorothalonil) increased yield by about 20% over the unprotected control. Key words: Pisum, Mycosphaerella, fungicide, crop management, yield loss

Assessment of yield loss caused by mycosphaerella blight in field pea crops in western Canada

2006 ◽  
Vol 113 (6) ◽  
pp. 267-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Su ◽  
S. F. Hwang ◽  
K. F. Chang ◽  
R. L. Conner ◽  
A. G. Xue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yield Loss ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Western Canada

Puccinia triticina (wheat brown rust).

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henriette Goyeau
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Genetic Resistance ◽  
Puccinia Triticina ◽  
Multiple Point ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Crop Losses ◽  
Pathogen Virulence ◽  
Cropping Season

Abstract Leaf rust seldom kills wheat, but it is capable of causing 35-50% yield loss in endemic areas on susceptible cultivars, where severity levels of 25-40% are reached at the tillering stage and 100% at the flowering stage. The disease causes more damage worldwide than other wheat rusts. Quarantine is of no relevance as leaf rust is of worldwide occurrence and virulences spread freely between nations and zones. Crop losses are dependent on the genetic resistance of each cultivar, pathogen virulence and environmental conditions. Losses caused by leaf rust particularly originate from reductions of the wheat photosynthetic area. Infected plants normally produce a lower number of tillers, lower amounts of grains per head and smaller grains. The earlier the epidemic in the cropping season, the higher the yield losses. Mathematical models for estimating disease severity and crop losses have been developed based on multiple-point disease recording at different physiological stages of the plant (Burleigh et al., 1972; Eversmeyer and Kramer, 1998, 2000).

Field assessment of partial resistance to mycosphaerella blight in Pisum subspecies accessions

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Conner ◽  
B. D. Gossen ◽  
S. F. Hwang ◽  
K. F. Chang ◽  
K. B. McRae ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Partial Resistance ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Mycosphaerella Pinodes ◽  
Detached Leaf ◽  
High Severity ◽  
Field Assessment ◽  
Ascochyta Pinodes ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Production Areas

Conner, R. L., Gossen, B. D., Hwang, S. F., Chang, K. F., McRae, K. B. and Penner, W. C. 2012. Field assessment of partial resistance to mycosphaerella blight in Pisum subspecies accessions. Can. J. Plant Sci. 92: 289–296. Mycosphaerella blight, caused by Mycosphaerella pinodes (Berk. & Bloxam) Vestergr., the teleomorph of Ascochyta pinodes Jones, is an important foliar disease of field pea in the major production areas of the world. Partial resistance to mycosphaerella blight has been reported in some field pea cultivars, but, at best, they are only moderately susceptible. A 3-yr field study was conducted to evaluate the mycosphaerella blight reactions of 28 accessions from a number of subspecies of Pisum sativum L. and one accession of P. fulvum Sibth. A few of the accessions carried mutations for the genes af, tl, and st that affect the morphology of the leaflets, stipules and tendrils. Reactions to mycosphaerella blight were characterized based on the mean of the severity ratings taken on the two final assessment dates before the crop matured and also on the change in mycosphaerella blight severity between these two dates. In many of the accessions, severity ratings were similar to that of the moderately susceptible check cultivar, CDC Peko, while a few had high severity ratings similar to those of the susceptible check cultivars. The accession PI 512079, which has small stipules, branched petioles with many leaflets but no tendrils, had the lowest ratings for mycosphaerella blight severity. Four other accessions exhibited the smallest change in mycosphaerella blight severity at the end of the growing season. Differences in leaf morphology likely influenced the change in disease severity, since all the semi-leafless and leafless accessions had smaller changes in mycosphaerella blight severity than the susceptible check cultivars. In a detached leaf assay with two isolates of Mycosphaerella pinodes (Berk. & Bloxam) Vestergr., the smallest lesions formed on PI 512079, but otherwise the results failed to show a relationship with the observed severity values in the field trials.

AAC Asher field pea

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dengjin Bing ◽  
Don Beauchesne ◽  
Debra L. McLaren ◽  
Richard Cuthbert ◽  
Hamid Naeem
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Mycosphaerella Pinodes ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Erysiphe Pisi ◽  
Lodging Resistance ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Thousand Seed Weight

AAC Asher is a semi-leafless, medium to large seeded yellow cotyledon field pea (Pisum sativum L.) variety developed at Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lacombe Research and Development Centre, Lacombe, Alberta, Canada. It has high yielding potential, early to medium maturity and good lodging resistance. AAC Asher has maturity of 94 days, and one-thousand-seed weight of 257 g. AAC Asher is resistant to powdery mildew (caused by Erysiphe pisi Syd.), moderately tolerant to mycosphaerella blight (caused by Mycosphaerella pinodes) and fusarium wilt (caused by Fusarium oxysporum). AAC Asher is adapted to all field growing regions in western Canada.

Additive efficacy of soil-applied pyroxasulfone and sulfentrazone combinations

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (7) ◽  
pp. 1245-1253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Breanne D. Tidemann ◽  
Linda M. Hall ◽  
Eric N. Johnson ◽  
Hugh J. Beckie ◽  
Ken L. Sapsford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Management ◽  
Similar Efficacy ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Separate Experiment ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Rate Selection ◽  
Galium Spurium

Tidemann, B. D., Hall, L. M., Johnson, E. N., Beckie, H. J., Sapsford, K. L., Willenborg, C. J. and Raatz, L. L. 2014. Additive efficacy of soil-applied pyroxasulfone and sulfentrazone combinations. Can. J. Plant Sci. 94: 1245–1253. Efficacy of soil-applied herbicides can be influenced by edaphic factors including soil organic matter (OM) content, as well as by interactions with herbicide tank-mix partners. Field trials were conducted over 6 site-years in 2011 and 2012 across western Canada to examine the interaction of pyroxasulfone and sulfentrazone when co-applied for control of false cleavers (Galium spurium L.) and wild oat (Avena fatua L.) in field pea. In the greenhouse, the nature of this interaction was further investigated for these two weed species, plus barley and canola; in a separate experiment, the effect of OM content on pyroxasulfone and sulfentrazone efficacy was examined using three soils with 2.8, 5.5, and 12.3% OM content, respectively. Efficacy of pyroxasulfone and sulfentrazone combinations was additive under both field and greenhouse conditions. Higher OM content generally required higher rates of herbicide to achieve similar efficacy for all tested species. Pyroxasulfone and sulfentrazone can be combined to aid in herbicide resistance management and broaden the weed spectrum compared with each product used alone, although rate selection may be OM dependent.

Effects of timings of inoculation with Mycosphaerella pinodes on yield and seed infection of field pea

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 685-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Xue ◽  
T. D. Warkentin ◽  
E. O. Kenaschuk
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Seed Transmission ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Mycosphaerella Pinodes ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Seed Infection ◽  
Flowering Stage

Inoculated field experiments were carried out in 1994 and 1995 to study the effect of the timing of inoculation with Mycosphaerella pinodes (Berk. & Bloxam) Vestergren on disease development, yield reduction and seed infection, in three field pea (Pisum sativum L.) cv. Bohatyr, cv. Scorpio and cv. Triumph. The greatest impact of inoculation on all disease and yield parameters was at the 8–10 node stage in 1994, and at the mid-flowering stage in 1995. The lowest impact of inoculation was at the pod swell stage for both years. When inoculated at 8–10 nodes, mid-flowering and pod swell stages, M. pinodes reduced yield by 31, 24 and 19%, respectively, in 1994 and 33, 43 and 30%, respectively, in 1995. The 1000-seed weight was not affected by the timing of inoculation; however, all inoculations reduced seed weight in both years. Plant-to-seed transmission of M. pinodes was affected by the timing of inoculation in 1994, but not in 1995. Results of this study suggest that prevention of early infection by M. pinodes will provide the best economic return in a mycosphaerella blight control program on field pea. Key words: Mycosphaerella blight, Mycosphaerella pinodes, field pea, Pisum sativum, yield reduction

scholarly journals Sensitivity of Mycosphaerella pinodes to Pyraclostrobin Fungicide

Plant Disease ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 192-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robyne Bowness ◽  
Bruce D. Gossen ◽  
Kan-Fa Chang ◽  
Rubella Goswani ◽  
Christian J. Willenborg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Management ◽  
North Dakota ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Washington State ◽  
Effective Concentration ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Mycosphaerella Pinodes ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Pathogen Population ◽  
Strobilurin Fungicide

Mycosphaerella blight, caused by Mycosphaerella pinodes, is a destructive disease of field pea that is managed using foliar fungicides. Strobilurin fungicides have been used in western Canada for disease management since 2003. To assess the baseline sensitivities of M. pinodes isolates to the strobilurin fungicide pyraclostrobin, the effective concentration to reduce mycelial growth by 50% (EC50) was determined for 70 isolates collected prior to 2003 from Alberta, Saskatchewan, North Dakota, and Washington State. Each of these isolates was sensitive to pyraclostrobin, with EC50 values ranging from 0.03 to 0.29 mg liter−1. The pyraclostrobin concentrations required to reduce conidia germination by 50% was lower, ranging from 0.008 to 0.041 mg liter−1. In all, 324 isolates collected in 2010 and 2011 were tested for high levels of insensitivity by examining mycelial growth using a discriminatory dose of 5 mg liter−1. Nineteen isolates were highly insensitive to pyraclostrobin, with EC50 values of 80 to 216 mg liter−1. Conidia of these isolates germinated when exposed to a discriminatory dose of 0.1 mg liter−1. Insensitive isolates infected field pea plants treated with pyraclostrobin but sensitive isolates did not. The identification of insensitive isolates indicates that insensitivity may be emerging in the pathogen population.

AAC Delhi field pea

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dengjin Bing ◽  
Don Beauchesne
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Mycosphaerella Pinodes ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Erysiphe Pisi ◽  
Lodging Resistance ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Thousand Seed Weight

AAC Delhi is a semi-leafless, large-seeded yellow field pea (Pisum sativum L.) variety developed at Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Lacombe Research and Development Centre, Lacombe, Alberta, Canada. It has high yielding potential, medium maturity and good lodging resistance. AAC Delhi has the maturity of 95 days, and one-thousand-seed weight of 288 g. AAC Delhi is resistant to powdery mildew (caused by Erysiphe pisi Syd.), and is moderately susceptible to mycosphaerella blight (caused by Mycosphaerella pinodes) and fusarium wilt (caused by Fusarium oxysporum). AAC Delhi is adapted to all field growing regions in western Canada.

AAC Carver field pea

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deng-Jin Bing ◽  
Don Beauchesne ◽  
Debra McLaren ◽  
Yantai Gan ◽  
Richard Cuthbert
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Mycosphaerella Pinodes ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Erysiphe Pisi ◽  
Lodging Resistance ◽  
Pisum Sativum L

AAC Carver is a semi-leafless, yellow cotyledon, high-yielding field pea (Pisum sativum L.) variety developed at the Lacombe Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lacombe, AB, Canada. It has a maturity of 96 d, seed size of 226 g, and good lodging resistance. AAC Carver is resistant to powdery mildew (caused by Erysiphe pisi DC.), and moderately susceptible to mycosphaerella blight [caused by Mycosphaerella pinodes (Berk. & Bloxam.) Vestergr.] and fusarium wilt [caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. pisi (Linford) Snyd. & Hans.]. AAC Carver is adapted to all field growing regions in western Canada.

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