Elements of Order Coxeter Number +1 in Chevalley Groups

1982 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 945-951 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bomshik Chang
Keyword(s):  
Weyl Group ◽  
Chevalley Group ◽  
Trivial Solution ◽  
Affirmative Answer ◽  
Chevalley Groups ◽  
General Solutions ◽  
Coxeter Number ◽  
Image Position

Following the notation and the definitions in [1], let L(K) be the Chevalley group of type L over a field K, W the Weyl group of L and h the Coxeter number, i.e., the order of Coxeter elements of W. In a letter to the author, John McKay asked the following question: If h + 1 is a prime, is there an element of order h + 1 in L(C)? In this note we give an affirmative answer to this question by constructing an element of order h + 1 (prime or otherwise) in the subgroup Lz = 〈xτ(1)|r ∈ Φ〉 of L(K), for any K.Our problem has an immediate solution when L = An. In this case h = n + 1 and the (n + l) × (n + l) matrixhas order 2(h + 1) in SLn+1(K). This seemingly trivial solution turns out to be a prototype of general solutions in the following sense.

Generators of Chevalley Groups over Z

1986 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 387-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bomshik Chang
Keyword(s):  
Chevalley Group ◽  
Fundamental System ◽  
Coxeter Element ◽  
Chevalley Groups ◽  
Coxeter Number ◽  
Image Position

Let be the universal Chevalley group ([1], p. 197) of type over a field K and where Ф is the set of roots of . Let n = {α1, α2, …, an} be a fundamental system of roots of and putThen we know from [2] (p. 950) thatwhere h is the Coxeter number of We call an element of conjugate to W a Coxeter element and an element conjugate to M a Kac element.

scholarly journals THE GEOMETRY OF BLUEPRINTS PART II: TITS–WEYL MODELS OF ALGEBRAIC GROUPS

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
OLIVER LORSCHEID
Keyword(s):  
Weyl Group ◽  
Chevalley Group ◽  
Tropical Geometry ◽  
Linear Representation ◽  
Unified Approach ◽  
Chevalley Groups ◽  
General Linear Groups ◽  
Base Extension ◽  
Field With One Element ◽  
Intrinsic Definition

This paper is dedicated to a problem raised by Jacquet Tits in 1956: the Weyl group of a Chevalley group should find an interpretation as a group over what is nowadays called $\mathbb{F}_{1}$, the field with one element. Based on Part I of The geometry of blueprints, we introduce the class of Tits morphisms between blue schemes. The resulting Tits category$\text{Sch}_{{\mathcal{T}}}$ comes together with a base extension to (semiring) schemes and the so-called Weyl extension to sets. We prove for ${\mathcal{G}}$ in a wide class of Chevalley groups—which includes the special and general linear groups, symplectic and special orthogonal groups, and all types of adjoint groups—that a linear representation of ${\mathcal{G}}$ defines a model $G$ in $\text{Sch}_{{\mathcal{T}}}$ whose Weyl extension is the Weyl group $W$ of ${\mathcal{G}}$. We call such models Tits–Weyl models. The potential of Tits–Weyl models lies in (a) their intrinsic definition that is given by a linear representation; (b) the (yet to be formulated) unified approach towards thick and thin geometries; and (c) the extension of a Chevalley group to a functor on blueprints, which makes it, in particular, possible to consider Chevalley groups over semirings. This opens applications to idempotent analysis and tropical geometry.

scholarly journals On the adjoint quotient of Chevalley groups over arbitrary base schemes

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 673-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre-Emmanuel Chaput ◽  
Matthieu Romagny
Keyword(s):  
Weyl Group ◽  
Lie Algebra ◽  
Chevalley Group ◽  
Maximal Torus ◽  
Adjoint Action ◽  
Group Scheme ◽  
Base Change ◽  
Chevalley Groups ◽  
Base Scheme ◽  
Arbitrary Base

AbstractFor a split semisimple Chevalley group scheme G with Lie algebra $\mathfrak{g}$ over an arbitrary base scheme S, we consider the quotient of $\mathfrak{g} by the adjoint action of G. We study in detail the structure of $\mathfrak{g} over S. Given a maximal torus T with Lie algebra $\mathfrak{t}$ and associated Weyl group W, we show that the Chevalley morphism π : $\mathfrak{t}$/W → $\mathfrak{g}/G is an isomorphism except for the group Sp2n over a base with 2-torsion. In this case this morphism is only dominant and we compute it explicitly. We compute the adjoint quotient in some other classical cases, yielding examples where the formation of the quotient $\mathfrak{g} → \mathfrak{g}//G commutes, or does not commute, with base change on S.

Perturbations of AF-Algebras

1979 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 1012-1016 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Phillips ◽  
Iain Raeburn
Keyword(s):  
Hilbert Space ◽  
Unit Ball ◽  
Von Neumann Algebra ◽  
Unitary Operator ◽  
Affirmative Answer ◽  
Positive Answer ◽  
Von Neumann ◽  
Finite Dimensional ◽  
Image Position ◽  
Af Algebras

Let A and B be C*-algebras acting on a Hilbert space H, and letwhere A1 is the unit ball in A and d(a, B1) denotes the distance of a from B1. We shall consider the following problem: if ‖A – B‖ is sufficiently small, does it follow that there is a unitary operator u such that uAu* = B?Such questions were first considered by Kadison and Kastler in [9], and have received considerable attention. In particular in the case where A is an approximately finite-dimensional (or hyperfinite) von Neumann algebra, the question has an affirmative answer (cf [3], [8], [12]). We shall show that in the case where A and B are approximately finite-dimensional C*-algebras (AF-algebras) the problem also has a positive answer.

On a Problem of P. Erdös

1972 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Ruzsa
Keyword(s):  
Absolute Constant ◽  
Infinite Sequence ◽  
Affirmative Answer ◽  
Powers Of 2 ◽  
Image Position

P. Erdös asked the following problem: Does there exist an infinite sequence of integers a1<…satisfying for every x≥11so that every integer is of the form 2k+ai [1]. The analogous questions can easily be answered affirmatively if the powers of 2 are replaced by the rth power.In this note we give a simple affirmative answer to the problem of Erdôs. Let c2 be a sufficiently small absolute constant. Our sequence A consists of all the integers of the form2

scholarly journals Pairs of additive congruences to a large prime modulus

1989 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 438-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. D. Atkinson ◽  
R. J. Cook
Keyword(s):  
Trivial Solution ◽  
Prime Modulus ◽  
Image Position

AbstractThis paper is concerned with non-trivial solvability in p–adic integers, for relatively large primes p, of a pair of additive equations of degree k > 1: where the coefficients a1,…, an, b1,…, bn are rational integers.Our first theorem shows that the above equations have a non-trivial solution in p–adic integers if n > 4k and p > k6. The condition on n is best possible.The later part of the paper obtains further information for the particular case k = 5. specifically we show that when k = 5 the above equations have a non-trivial solution in p–adic integers (a) for all p > 3061 if n ≥ 21; (b) for all p execpt p = 5, 11 if n ≥ 26.

The sets of Dirichlet non-improvable numbers versus well-approximable numbers

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (12) ◽  
pp. 3217-3235 ◽  
Author(s):  
AYREENA BAKHTAWAR ◽  
PHILIP BOS ◽  
MUMTAZ HUSSAIN
Keyword(s):  
Hausdorff Dimension ◽  
Hausdorff Measure ◽  
Affirmative Answer ◽  
Partial Quotient ◽  
Dimensional Hausdorff Measure ◽  
Image Position

Let $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6F9}:[1,\infty )\rightarrow \mathbb{R}_{+}$ be a non-decreasing function, $a_{n}(x)$ the $n$th partial quotient of $x$ and $q_{n}(x)$ the denominator of the $n$th convergent. The set of $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6F9}$-Dirichlet non-improvable numbers, $$\begin{eqnarray}G(\unicode[STIX]{x1D6F9}):=\{x\in [0,1):a_{n}(x)a_{n+1}(x)>\unicode[STIX]{x1D6F9}(q_{n}(x))\text{ for infinitely many }n\in \mathbb{N}\},\end{eqnarray}$$ is related with the classical set of $1/q^{2}\unicode[STIX]{x1D6F9}(q)$-approximable numbers ${\mathcal{K}}(\unicode[STIX]{x1D6F9})$ in the sense that ${\mathcal{K}}(3\unicode[STIX]{x1D6F9})\subset G(\unicode[STIX]{x1D6F9})$. Both of these sets enjoy the same $s$-dimensional Hausdorff measure criterion for $s\in (0,1)$. We prove that the set $G(\unicode[STIX]{x1D6F9})\setminus {\mathcal{K}}(3\unicode[STIX]{x1D6F9})$ is uncountable by proving that its Hausdorff dimension is the same as that for the sets ${\mathcal{K}}(\unicode[STIX]{x1D6F9})$ and $G(\unicode[STIX]{x1D6F9})$. This gives an affirmative answer to a question raised by Hussain et al [Hausdorff measure of sets of Dirichlet non-improvable numbers. Mathematika 64(2) (2018), 502–518].

Normality in Elementary Subgroups of Chevalley Groups Over Rings

1976 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 420-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
James F. Hurley
Keyword(s):  
Normal Subgroup ◽  
Commutative Ring ◽  
Lie Algebra ◽  
Chevalley Group ◽  
Complex Field ◽  
Normal Subgroups ◽  
Chevalley Groups ◽  
Simple Lie Algebra ◽  
Elementary Subgroup ◽  
Finite Dimensional

In [6] we have constructed certain normal subgroups G7 of the elementary subgroup GR of the Chevalley group G(L, R) over R corresponding to a finite dimensional simple Lie algebra L over the complex field, where R is a commutative ring with identity. The method employed was to augment somewhat the generators of the elementary subgroup EI of G corresponding to an ideal I of the underlying Chevalley algebra LR;EI is thus the group generated by all xr(t) in G having the property that ter ⊂ I. In [6, § 5] we noted that in general EI actually had to be enlarged for a normal subgroup of GR to be obtained.

scholarly journals Calculating conjugacy classes in Sylow -subgroups of finite Chevalley groups of rank six and seven

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon M. Goodwin ◽  
Peter Mosch ◽  
Gerhard Röhrle
Keyword(s):  
Computer Program ◽  
Explicit Formula ◽  
Chevalley Group ◽  
Conjugacy Classes ◽  
Chevalley Groups ◽  
Sylow Subgroups ◽  
Finite Chevalley Group ◽  
Integer Coefficients ◽  
The Third

AbstractLet$G(q)$be a finite Chevalley group, where$q$is a power of a good prime$p$, and let$U(q)$be a Sylow$p$-subgroup of$G(q)$. Then a generalized version of a conjecture of Higman asserts that the number$k(U(q))$of conjugacy classes in$U(q)$is given by a polynomial in$q$with integer coefficients. In [S. M. Goodwin and G. Röhrle,J. Algebra321 (2009) 3321–3334], the first and the third authors of the present paper developed an algorithm to calculate the values of$k(U(q))$. By implementing it into a computer program using$\mathsf{GAP}$, they were able to calculate$k(U(q))$for$G$of rank at most five, thereby proving that for these cases$k(U(q))$is given by a polynomial in$q$. In this paper we present some refinements and improvements of the algorithm that allow us to calculate the values of$k(U(q))$for finite Chevalley groups of rank six and seven, except$E_7$. We observe that$k(U(q))$is a polynomial, so that the generalized Higman conjecture holds for these groups. Moreover, if we write$k(U(q))$as a polynomial in$q-1$, then the coefficients are non-negative.Under the assumption that$k(U(q))$is a polynomial in$q-1$, we also give an explicit formula for the coefficients of$k(U(q))$of degrees zero, one and two.

Instability theorems for certain fifth-order differential equations

1978 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 343-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. O. C. Ezeilo
Keyword(s):  
Differential Equation ◽  
General Theory ◽  
Trivial Solution ◽  
Real Root ◽  
Order Differential Equation ◽  
Positive Real Part ◽  
Auxiliary Equation ◽  
Positive Real ◽  
Image Position ◽  
Fifth Order

1. Consider the constant-coefficient fifth-order differential equation:It is known from the general theory that the trivial solution of (1·1) is unstable if, and only if, the associated (auxiliary) equation:has at least one root with a positive real part. The existence of such a root naturally depends on (though not always all of) the coefficients a1, a2,…, a5. For example, ifit is clear from a consideration of the fact that the sum of the roots of (1·2) equals ( – a1) that at least one root of (1·2) has a positive real part for arbitrary values of a2,…, a5. A similar consideration, combined with the fact that the product of the roots of (1·2) equals ( – a5) will show that at least one root of (1·2) has a positive real part iffor arbitrary a2, a3 and a4. The condition a1 = 0 here in (1·4) is however superfluous whenfor then X(0) = a5 < 0 and X(R) > 0 if R > 0 is sufficiently large thus showing that there is a positive real root of (1·2) subject to (1·5) and for arbitrary a1, a2, a3 and a4.

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