Farmers’ heterogeneous motives, voluntary vaccination and disease spread: an agent-based model

Animal health authorities responsible for effective voluntary livestock disease control need to consider the dynamic interplay between farmers’ collective behaviour and disease epidemiology. We present an agent-based model to simulate vaccination scheme designs that differ in expected adverse vaccine effects, communication strategies and subsidy levels. Specific scheme designs improve the vaccine uptake by farmers at the start of a livestock disease epidemic compared with a base scheme of minimal communication and subsidy. The results suggest that motivational mechanisms activated by a well-designed risk communication strategy are equally or more effective in increasing vaccination uptake than providing more financial compensation.

Oriented bivariant theory, II: Algebraic cobordism of S-schemes

This is a sequel to our previous paper “Oriented bivariant theory, I”. In 2001, Levine and Morel constructed algebraic cobordism for (reduced) schemes [Formula: see text] of finite type over a base field [Formula: see text] in an abstract way and later Levine and Pandharipande reconstructed it more geometrically, using “double point degeneration”. In this paper in a similar manner to the construction of Levine–Morel, we construct an algebraic cobordism for a scheme [Formula: see text] over a fixed scheme [Formula: see text] in such a way that if the target scheme [Formula: see text] is the point [Formula: see text], then our algebraic cobordism is isomorphic to Levine–Morel’s algebraic cobordism. Our algebraic cobordism can be interpreted as “a family of algebraic cobordism” parametrized by the base scheme [Formula: see text].

A DCVS Reconstruction Algorithm for Mine Video Monitoring Image Based on Block Classification

Aiming at the problems that large amount of video monitoring image data in underground coal mines leads to difficulties in transmission and storage, compressed sensing theory is introduced to encode and decode video images, and a new distributed video coding scheme is proposed. In order to obtain more sparse representation and more general applicability, a block-based adaptive sparse base scheme is proposed. For the acquisition of side information, fixed weight is usually used to synthesize side information and the correlation between different image blocks is neglected, a block-based classification weighted side information generation scheme is proposed. Experimental results show that the block-based classification codec scheme can make full use of inter-frame correlation. Under the appropriate sampling rate, the PSNR value of video reconstruction increases, which effectively improves the quality of video frame reconstruction.

Transient Analysis of a Cylindrical Heat Pipe Considering Different Wick Structures

Heat pipes have been shown to be one of the most efficient passive cooling devices for electronic cooling. Only a handful of studies were capable of solving transient performances of heat pipes based on realistic assumptions. A segregated finite volume base scheme using SIMPLE algorithm is used along with system pressurization and overall mass balance to solve mass transfer at the interface, continuity, momentum and energy equations. The fluid flow and heat transfer are solved throughout the wick and vapor core and no assumptions are made at the locations where evaporation and condensations occur. Water is the working fluid and variable densities are used for both liquid and vapor phases to account for continuity at the interface as well as inside of wick and vapor core. The wick is modeled as a non-homogeneous porous media and the effective thermal conductivities and viscous properties are calculated for each type of structure separately using the available relations from the literature. In this study, an axisymmetric two-dimensional solver for cylindrical heat pipe is developed using FLUENT package with the help of User Defined Functions (UDFs) and User Defined Scalar (UDS). The model is tested for grid and time step independency and the results show the stability and accuracy of the proposed method. The numerical results of the present study were in good agreement with the data from previous numerical and experimental studies available in the literature. Additionally, two different wick structures were studied to determine its effect on the thermal performance of heat pipes.

NON-COMMUTATIVE LOCALIZATIONS OF ADDITIVE CATEGORIES AND WEIGHT STRUCTURES

In this paper we demonstrate thatnon-commutative localizationsof arbitrary additive categories (generalizing those defined by Cohn in the setting of rings) are closely (and naturally) related to weight structures. Localizing an arbitrary triangulated category$\text{}\underline{C}$by a set$S$of morphisms in the heart$\text{}\underline{Hw}$of a weight structure$w$on it one obtains a triangulated category endowed with a weight structure$w^{\prime }$. The heart of$w^{\prime }$is a certain version of the Karoubi envelope of the non-commutative localization$\text{}\underline{Hw}[S^{-1}]_{\mathit{add}}$(of$\text{}\underline{Hw}$by$S$). The functor$\text{}\underline{Hw}\rightarrow \text{}\underline{Hw}[S^{-1}]_{\mathit{add}}$is the natural categorical version of Cohn’s localization of a ring, i.e., it is universal among additive functors that make all elements of$S$invertible. For any additive category$\text{}\underline{A}$, taking$\text{}\underline{C}=K^{b}(\text{}\underline{A})$we obtain a very efficient tool for computing$\text{}\underline{A}[S^{-1}]_{\mathit{add}}$; using it, we generalize the calculations of Gerasimov and Malcolmson (made for rings only). We also prove that$\text{}\underline{A}[S^{-1}]_{\mathit{add}}$coincides with the ‘abstract’ localization$\text{}\underline{A}[S^{-1}]$(as constructed by Gabriel and Zisman) if$S$contains all identity morphisms of$\text{}\underline{A}$and is closed with respect to direct sums. We apply our results to certain categories of birational motives$DM_{gm}^{o}(U)$(generalizing those defined by Kahn and Sujatha). We define$DM_{gm}^{o}(U)$for an arbitrary$U$as a certain localization of$K^{b}(Cor(U))$and obtain a weight structure for it. When$U$is the spectrum of a perfect field, the weight structure obtained this way is compatible with the corresponding Chow and Gersten weight structures defined by the first author in previous papers. For a general$U$the result is completely new. The existence of the correspondingadjacent$t$-structure is also a new result over a general base scheme; its heart is a certain category of birational sheaves with transfers over$U$.

Étale motives

We define a theory of étale motives over a noetherian scheme. This provides a system of categories of complexes of motivic sheaves with integral coefficients which is closed under the six operations of Grothendieck. The rational part of these categories coincides with the triangulated categories of Beilinson motives (and is thus strongly related to algebraic $K$-theory). We extend the rigidity theorem of Suslin and Voevodsky over a general base scheme. This can be reformulated by saying that torsion étale motives essentially coincide with the usual complexes of torsion étale sheaves (at least if we restrict ourselves to torsion prime to the residue characteristics). As a consequence, we obtain the expected results of absolute purity, of finiteness, and of Grothendieck duality for étale motives with integral coefficients, by putting together their counterparts for Beilinson motives and for torsion étale sheaves. Following Thomason’s insights, this also provides a conceptual and convenient construction of the $\ell$-adic realization of motives, as the homotopy $\ell$-completion functor.

Unsteady MHD mixed convection flow past an oscillating plate with heat source/sink

This paper to study unsteady MHD mixed convection flow past an infinite vertical oscillating plate through porous medium, taking account of the presence of free/forced convection and mass transfer. Using similarity transformation, the coupled non – linear governing equations are solved numerically by applying the combination of the base scheme submethods – midpoint, and a method enhancement scheme Richardson extrapolation technique together with Fehlberg fourth-fifth order Runge-Kutta shooting iteration method with degree four interpolant. The results are obtained for velocity, temperature, concentration. The effects of various material parameters are discussed on flow variables and presented by graphs.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jname.v11i2.6477

Connective Algebraic K-theory

We examine the theory of connective algebraic K-theory, , defined by taking the −1 connective cover of algebraic K-theory with respect to Voevodsky's slice tower in the motivic stable homotopy category. We extend to a bi-graded oriented duality theory when the base scheme is the spectrum of a field k of characteristic zero. The homology theory may be viewed as connective algebraic G-theory. We identify for X a finite type k-scheme with the image of in , where is the abelian category of coherent sheaves on X with support in dimension at most n; this agrees with the (2n,n) part of the theory of connective algebraic K-theory defined by Cai. We also show that the classifying map from algebraic cobordism identifies with the universal oriented Borel-Moore homology theory having formal group law u + υ − βuυ with coefficient ring ℤ[β]. As an application, we show that every pure dimension d finite type k-scheme has a well-defined fundamental class [X]CK in ΩdCK(X), and this fundamental class is functorial with respect to pull-back for l.c.i. morphisms.

The algebraic fundamental group of a reductive group scheme over an arbitrary base scheme

We define the algebraic fundamental group π 1(G) of a reductive group scheme G over an arbitrary non-empty base scheme and show that the resulting functor G↦ π1(G) is exact.