scholarly journals Modification of the avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus for vaccine development

Bioengineered ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Britton ◽  
Maria Armesto ◽  
David Cavanagh ◽  
Sarah Keep
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Bronchitis Virus ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Infectious Bronchitis

scholarly journals Impacts of Coronavirus on Farm and Pet Animals

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sachin Subedi ◽  
Sulove Koirala ◽  
Lilong Chai
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Bronchitis Virus ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Rna Virus ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Effective Vaccine ◽  
Nasal Discharge ◽  
Infectious Bronchitis ◽  
Gastrointestinal Lesions ◽  
On Farm ◽  
The Impact

Coronaviruses are positive sense RNA virus belonging to the Coronaviridae family, which are further subdivided into four genera: Alpha, Beta, Gamma, and Delta Coronaviruses. Infectious bronchitis virus and SARS-CoV belong to Beta Coronaviridae family. Infectious bronchitis virus causes respiratory and nephritic signs that includes tracheal rales, urate crystals, lethargy and nasal discharge. In livestock and pets, the Coronavirus infection causes mostly gastrointestinal lesions, which may be prevented through vaccination and biosecurity. Recent infections of SARS-CoV-2 (also known as COVID-19) on farm and pet animals were summarized in this study. Besides, zoo animals were reported with infections in some countries/regions. Although the damage of COVID-19 has not been reported as serious as highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) and African Swine Fever (ASF) on farm animals so far, the transmission mechanism of COVID-19 among group animals/farms and its long-term impacts are still not clear. The impact of Coronavirus on animals and potential prevention strategies, such as vaccine development and farm biosecurity measures, were discussed. Prior to the development of the effective vaccine, the biosecurity measures (e.g., conventional disinfection strategies and innovated technologies) may play roles in preventing potential spread of diseases/viruses.

scholarly journals Temperature Sensitivity: A Potential Method for the Generation of Vaccines against the Avian Coronavirus Infectious Bronchitis Virus

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Keep ◽  
Phoebe Stevenson-Leggett ◽  
Angela Steyn ◽  
Michael S. Oade ◽  
Isobel Webb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Sensitivity ◽  
Infectious Bronchitis Virus ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Core Body Temperature ◽  
Respiratory Pathogen ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Replicase Gene ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Vaccine Platform ◽  
Infectious Bronchitis

The Gammacoronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is a highly contagious economically important respiratory pathogen of domestic fowl. Reverse genetics allows for the molecular study of pathogenic determinants to enable rational vaccine design. The recombinant IBV (rIBV) Beau-R, a molecular clone of the apathogenic Beaudette strain, has previously been investigated as a vaccine platform. To determine tissues in which Beau-R could effectively deliver antigenic genes, an in vivo study in chickens, the natural host, was used to compare the pattern of viral dissemination of Beau-R to the pathogenic strain M41-CK. Replication of Beau-R was found to be restricted to soft tissue within the beak, whereas M41-CK was detected in beak tissue, trachea and eyelid up to seven days post infection. In vitro assays further identified that, unlike M41-CK, Beau-R could not replicate at 41 °C, the core body temperature of a chicken, but is able to replicate a 37 °C, a temperature relatable to the very upper respiratory tract. Using a panel of rIBVs with defined mutations in the structural and accessory genes, viral replication at permissive and non-permissive temperatures was investigated, identifying that the Beau-R replicase gene was a determinant of temperature sensitivity and that sub-genomic mRNA synthesis had been affected. The identification of temperature sensitive allelic lesions within the Beau-R replicase gene opens up the possibility of using this method of attenuation in other IBV strains for future vaccine development as well as a method to investigate the functions of the IBV replicase proteins.

scholarly journals Host Antiviral Responses against Avian Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV): Focus on Innate Immunity

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1698
Author(s):  
Yun Zhang ◽  
Zhichao Xu ◽  
Yongchang Cao
Keyword(s):  
Innate Immunity ◽  
Infectious Bronchitis Virus ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Avian Infectious Bronchitis Virus ◽  
Innate Immune Responses ◽  
Infectious Bronchitis ◽  
Antiviral Responses ◽  
Virus Interaction

Avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is an important gammacoronavirus. The virus is highly contagious, can infect chickens of all ages, and causes considerable economic losses in the poultry industry worldwide. In the last few decades, numerous studies have been published regarding pathogenicity, vaccination, and host immunity-virus interaction. In particular, innate immunity serves as the first line of defense against invasive pathogens and plays an important role in the pathogenetic process of IBV infection. This review focuses on fundamental aspects of host innate immune responses after IBV infection, including identification of conserved viral structures and different components of host with antiviral activity, which could provide useful information for novel vaccine development, vaccination strategies, and intervention programs.

scholarly journals Impacts of Coronavirus on Farm, Pet, and Zoo Animals

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sachin Subedi ◽  
Sulove Koirala ◽  
Lilong Chai
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Bronchitis Virus ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Rna Virus ◽  
Nasal Discharge ◽  
Infectious Bronchitis ◽  
Gastrointestinal Lesions ◽  
Zoo Animals ◽  
The Right ◽  
On Farm ◽  
The Impact

Coronaviruses are positive sense RNA virus belonging to the Coronaviridae family, which are further subdivided into four genera: Alpha, Beta, Gamma, and Delta Coronaviruses. Infectious bronchitis virus and SARS-CoV belong to Beta Coronaviridae family. Infectious bronchitis virus causes respiratory and nephritic signs that includes tracheal rales, urate crystals, lethargy and nasal discharge. In livestock and pets, the Coronavirus infection causes mostly gastrointestinal lesions, which may be prevented through vaccination and biosecurity. Recent infections of SARS-CoV-2 (also known as COVID-19) on farm, pet, and zoo animals were summarized in this study. Although the damage of COVID-19 has not been reported in commercial livestock and poultry, the transmission mechanism of COVID-19 among group animals and farms are not still clear. The impact of Coronavirus on animals and potential prevention strategies, such as vaccine development and farm biosecurity measures, were discussed. Before the right vaccine is successfully marketed, biosecurity measures (e.g., conventional disinfection strategies and innovated technologies) may play roles in preventing potential airborne transmission.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document