Conservation of all three p53 family members and Mdm2 and Mdm4 in the cartilaginous fish

p53 gene family members in humans and other organisms encode a large number of protein isoforms whose functions are largely undefined. Using Drosophila as a model, we find that a p53B isoform is expressed predominantly in the germline where it colocalizes with p53A into subnuclear bodies. It is only p53A, however, that mediates the apoptotic response to ionizing radiation in the germline and soma. In contrast, p53A and p53B are both required for the normal repair of meiotic DNA breaks, an activity that is more crucial when meiotic recombination is defective. We find that in oocytes with persistent DNA breaks p53A is also required to activate a meiotic pachytene checkpoint. Our findings indicate that Drosophila p53 isoforms have DNA lesion and cell type-specific functions, with parallels to the functions of mammalian p53 family members in the genotoxic stress response and oocyte quality control.

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Differential regulation of transcription and induction of programmed cell death by human p53-family members p63 and p73

FEBS Letters ◽

10.1016/s0014-5793(02)03093-4 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 525 (1-3) ◽

pp. 93-99 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

Sebastian Dietz ◽

Karen Rother ◽

Casimir Bamberger ◽

Hartwig Schmale ◽

Joachim Mössner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Death ◽

Programmed Cell Death ◽

Family Members ◽

Differential Regulation ◽

Regulation Of Transcription ◽

P53 Family

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Gain and loss events in the evolution of the apolipoprotein family in vertebrata

BMC Evolutionary Biology ◽

10.1186/s12862-019-1519-8 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jia-Qian Liu ◽

Wen-Xing Li ◽

Jun-Juan Zheng ◽

Qing-Nan Tian ◽

Jing-Fei Huang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lipid Metabolism ◽

Phylogenetic Trees ◽

Family Members ◽

Cartilaginous Fish ◽

Broad Perspective ◽

Evolutionary Progress ◽

Genome Data ◽

Evolutionary Scenario ◽

Species Evolution ◽

Gain And Loss

Abstract Background Various apolipoproteins widely distributed among vertebrata play key roles in lipid metabolism and have a direct correlation with human diseases as diagnostic markers. However, the evolutionary progress of apolipoproteins in species remains unclear. Nine human apolipoproteins and well-annotated genome data of 30 species were used to identify 210 apolipoprotein family members distributed among species from fish to humans. Our study focused on the evolution of nine exchangeable apolipoproteins (ApoA-I/II/IV/V, ApoC-I~IV and ApoE) from Chondrichthyes, Holostei, Teleostei, Amphibia, Sauria (including Aves), Prototheria, Marsupialia and Eutheria. Results In this study, we reported the overall distribution and the frequent gain and loss evolutionary events of apolipoprotein family members in vertebrata. Phylogenetic trees of orthologous apolipoproteins indicated evident divergence between species evolution and apolipoprotein phylogeny. Successive gain and loss events were found by evaluating the presence and absence of apolipoproteins in the context of species evolution. For example, only ApoA-I and ApoA-IV occurred in cartilaginous fish as ancient apolipoproteins. ApoA-II, ApoE, and ApoC-I/ApoC-II were found in Holostei, Coelacanthiformes, and Teleostei, respectively, but the latter three apolipoproteins were absent from Aves. ApoC-I was also absent from Cetartiodactyla. The apolipoprotein ApoC-III emerged in terrestrial animals, and ApoC-IV first arose in Eutheria. The results indicate that the order of the emergence of apolipoproteins is most likely ApoA-I/ApoA-IV, ApoE, ApoA-II, ApoC-I/ApoC-II, ApoA-V, ApoC-III, and ApoC-IV. Conclusions This study reveals not only the phylogeny of apolipoprotein family members in species from Chondrichthyes to Eutheria but also the occurrence and origin of new apolipoproteins. The broad perspective of gain and loss events and the evolutionary scenario of apolipoproteins across vertebrata provide a significant reference for the research of apolipoprotein function and related diseases.

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