The Relationship between Soft-Bottom Macrobenthic Assemblages and Environmental Variables of Boojagh Marine National Park, Southern Caspian Sea, Iran.

Nature and environment are important for the people earning their living from natural sources of livelihood. This article concentrates on the local perspective of the landscape in the Pallastunturi Fells, which are situated in Pallas-Ylläs National Park in Finnish Lapland. The Fells are both important pastures for reindeer and an old tourism area. The Pallastunturi Tourist Hotel is situated inside the national park because the hotel was built before the park was established 1938. Until the 1960s, the relationship between tourism and reindeer herding had been harmonious because the tourism activities did not disturb the reindeer herding, but offered instead ways to earn money by transporting the tourists from the main road to the hotel, which had been previously without any road connections. During recent years, tourism has been developed as the main source of livelihood in Lapland and huge investments have been made in several parts of Lapland. One example of this type of investment is the plan to replace the old Pallas Tourist hotel, which was built in 1948, with a newer and bigger one. It means that the state will allow a private enterprise to build more infrastructures for tourism inside a national park where nature should be protected and this has sparked a heated debate. Those who oppose the project criticise this proposal as the amendment of a law designed to promote the economic interests of one private tourism enterprise. The project's supporters claim that the needs of the tourism industry and nature protection can both be promoted and that it is important to develop a tourist centre which is already situated within the national park. This article is an attempt to try to shed light on why the local people are so loudly resisting the plans by a private tourism enterprise to touch the national park. It is based on my fieldwork among reindeer herding families in the area.

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From Competition to Cooperation: A History of Canada–US National Park Relations

Environment and History ◽

10.3197/096734019x15631846928783 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Terence Young ◽

Alan MacEachern ◽

Lary Dilsaver

Keyword(s):

National Parks ◽

National Park ◽

The United States ◽

The Us ◽

Park Service ◽

Settler Societies ◽

History Of ◽

Relationship Of ◽

Flow Of Information ◽

The Relationship

This essay explores the evolving international relationship of the two national park agencies that in 1968 began to offer joint training classes for protected-area managers from around the world. Within the British settler societies that dominated nineteenth century park-making, the United States’ National Park Service (NPS) and Canada’s National Parks Branch were the most closely linked and most frequently cooperative. Contrary to campfire myths and nationalist narratives, however, the relationship was not a one-way flow of information and motivation from the US to Canada. Indeed, the latter boasted a park bureaucracy before the NPS was established. The relationship of the two nations’ park leaders in the half century leading up to 1968 demonstrates the complexity of defining the influences on park management and its diffusion from one country to another.

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Does a National Park Enhance the Environment-Friendliness of Tourists as an Ecotourism Destination?

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18168321 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (16) ◽

pp. 8321

Author(s):

Eunseong Jeong ◽

Taesoo Lee ◽

Alan Dixon Brown ◽

Sara Choi ◽

Minyoung Son

Keyword(s):

National Parks ◽

Natural Environment ◽

Behavioral Intention ◽

National Park ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Environmental Concern ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Environment Friendly ◽

Sustainable Environment ◽

The Relationship

Governments have designated national parks to protect the natural environment against ecosystem destruction and improve individuals’ emotional and recreational life. National parks enhance environment-friendly awareness by conducting ecotourism activities and individuals with environment-friendly awareness are inclined to continue to visit national parks as ecotourism destinations. The New Environmental Paradigm (NEP) is a widely used measure of environmental concern, suitable for measuring the environment-friendly attitude and revisit intention of visitors of national parks. Therefore, the study carried out structural equation modeling (SEM) to investigate the relationship between the NEP, national park conservation consciousness and environment-friendly behavioral intention. Based on the results, an implication is presented to induce national parks to cultivate individual environment-friendly awareness and for visitors to pursue sustainable, environment-friendly tourism behavior. The findings indicate that national parks are to expand educational programs and facilities for eco-tourists visiting national parks to maintain a balanced relationship between themselves and nature and have a strong environmental awareness to preserve the natural environment.

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Structure, Diversity, and Environmental Determinants of High-Latitude Threatened Conifer Forests

Forests ◽

10.3390/f12060775 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (6) ◽

pp. 775

Author(s):

Carlos Esse ◽

Francisco Correa-Araneda ◽

Cristian Acuña ◽

Rodrigo Santander-Massa ◽

Patricio De Los Ríos-Escalante ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Table ◽

Environmental Variables ◽

National Park ◽

High Water ◽

Forest Communities ◽

Competitive Effect ◽

Forest Patches ◽

Last Glaciation ◽

The World ◽

Local Topography

Pilgerodendron uviferum (D. Don) Florin is an endemic, threatened conifer that grows in South America. In the sub-Antarctic territory, one of the most isolated places in the world, some forest patches remain untouched since the last glaciation. In this study, we analyze the tree structure and tree diversity and characterize the environmental conditions where P. uviferum-dominated stands develop within the Magellanic islands in Kawésqar National Park, Chile. An environmental matrix using the databases WorldClim and SoilGrids and local topography variables was used to identify the main environmental variables that explain the P. uviferum-dominated stands. PCA was used to reduce the environmental variables, and PERMANOVA and nMDS were used to evaluate differences among forest communities. The results show that two forest communities are present within the Magellanic islands. Both forest communities share the fact that they can persist over time due to the high water table that limits the competitive effect from other tree species less tolerant to high soil water table and organic matter. Our results contribute to knowledge of the species’ environmental preference and design conservation programs.

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Life history pattern of mosquitofish Gambusia holbrooki (Girard, 1859) in the Tajan River (Southern Caspian Sea to Iran)

Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology ◽

10.1007/s00343-011-0110-y ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 167-173 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Rahman Patimar ◽

Mohsen Ghorbani ◽

Ali Gol-Mohammadi ◽

Hoda Azimi-Glugahi

Keyword(s):

Life History ◽

Caspian Sea ◽

Gambusia Holbrooki ◽

Tajan River ◽

Life History Pattern ◽

Southern Caspian Sea

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A new fish based multi-metric assessment index for cold-water streams of the southern Caspian Sea Basin in Iran

Environmental Biology of Fishes ◽

10.1007/s10641-019-00860-z ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 102 (4) ◽

pp. 645-662

Author(s):

Hossein Mostafavi ◽

Azad Teimori ◽

Rafaela Schinegger ◽

Stefan Schmutz

Keyword(s):

Caspian Sea ◽

Cold Water ◽

Assessment Index ◽

Southern Caspian Sea

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A revision of daily egg production estimation methods, with application to Atlanto-Iberian sardine. 2. Spatially and environmentally explicit estimates of egg production

ICES Journal of Marine Science ◽

10.1093/icesjms/fsr002 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 68 (3) ◽

pp. 528-536 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Miguel Bernal ◽

Yorgos Stratoudakis ◽

Simon Wood ◽

Leire Ibaibarriaga ◽

Luis Valdés ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Temporal Variability ◽

Environmental Variables ◽

Egg Production ◽

Stock Assessment ◽

Production Model ◽

Estimation Methods ◽

Statistical Framework ◽

Spatio Temporal ◽

The Relationship ◽

Made In

Abstract Bernal, M., Stratoudakis, Y., Wood, S., Ibaibarriaga, L., Uriarte, A., Valdés, L., and Borchers, D. 2011. A revision of daily egg production estimation methods, with application to Atlanto-Iberian sardine. 2. Spatially and environmentally explicit estimates of egg production. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: . A spatially and environmentally explicit egg production model is developed to accommodate a number of assumptions about the relationship between egg production and mortality and associated environmental variables. The general model was tested under different assumptions for Atlanto-Iberian sardine. It provides a flexible estimator of egg production, in which a range of assumptions and hypotheses can be tested in a structured manner within a well-defined statistical framework. Application of the model to Atlanto-Iberian sardine increased the precision of the egg production time-series, and allowed improvements to be made in understanding the spatio-temporal variability in egg production, as well as implications for ecology and stock assessment.

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