scholarly journals Prospective cohort data quality assurance and quality control strategies and methods: the Korea HIV/AIDS Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
pp. e2020063
Author(s):  
Soo Min Kim ◽  
Yunsu Choi ◽  
Bo Youl Choi ◽  
Minjeong Kim ◽  
Sang Il Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Data Quality ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Cohort Data ◽  
Hiv Aids

Database Use in Neonatal Intensive Care Units: Success or Failure

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 959-965
Author(s):  
Terri A. Slagle ◽  
Jeffrey B. Gould
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Data Quality ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
The United States ◽  
Data Quality Control ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Address Data

The purpose of this national survey was to define the extent and features of database use by 445 tertiary level neonatal intensive care nurseries in the United States. Of the 305 centers responding to our survey, 78% had a database in use in 1989 and 15% planned to develop one in the future. Nurseries varied remarkably in the volume of data collected, the amount of time devoted to completing data collection forms, and the personnel involved in data collection. Although data were used primarily for statistical reports (93% of nurseries), quality assurance (73%) and research activities (61%) were also enhanced by database information. Neonatal databases were used to generate reports for the permanent medical record in 38% of centers. Satisfaction with the database was dependent on how useful the database information was to centers which collected and actually used a large volume of information. Overall, nurseries expressed a high degree of confidence in the data they collected, and 65% felt their neonatal database information could be used directly in publication of research. It was disturbing that accuracy of data was not monitored formally by the majority of nurseries. Only 27% of centers followed a routine schedule of data quality assurance, and only 53% had built in error messages for data entry. We caution all who receive database information in the form of morbidity and mortality statistics, clinical reports on patients cared for in neonatal units, and published manuscripts to be attentive to the quality of the data they consume. We feel that future database design efforts need to better address data quality control. Our findings stress the importance and need for immediate efforts to better address database quality control.

scholarly journals Malaria Rapid Diagnostic Tests: Literary Review and Recommendation for a Quality Assurance, Quality Control Algorithm

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 768
Author(s):  
Michael J. Kavanaugh ◽  
Steven E. Azzam ◽  
David M. Rockabrand
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Rapid Diagnostic Tests ◽  
World Health ◽  
Malaria Rapid Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Constrained Environments ◽  
Health Organization

Malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) have had an enormous global impact which contributed to the World Health Organization paradigm shift from empiric treatment to obtaining a parasitological diagnosis prior to treatment. Microscopy, the classic standard, requires significant expertise, equipment, electricity, and reagents. Alternatively, RDT’s lower complexity allows utilization in austere environments while achieving similar sensitivities and specificities. Worldwide, there are over 200 different RDT brands that utilize three antigens: Plasmodium histidine-rich protein 2 (PfHRP-2), Plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase (pLDH), and Plasmodium aldolase (pALDO). pfHRP-2 is produced exclusively by Plasmodium falciparum and is very Pf sensitive, but an alternative antigen or antigen combination is required for regions like Asia with significant Plasmodium vivax prevalence. RDT sensitivity also decreases with low parasitemia (<100 parasites/uL), genetic variability, and prozone effect. Thus, proper RDT selection and understanding of test limitations are essential. The Center for Disease Control recommends confirming RDT results by microscopy, but this is challenging, due to the utilization of clinical laboratory standards, like the College of American Pathologists (CAP) and the Clinical Lab Improvement Act (CLIA), and limited recourses. Our focus is to provide quality assurance and quality control strategies for resource-constrained environments and provide education on RDT limitations.

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