scholarly journals Assessment of Genetic Diversity of Moroccan Cultivated Almond (<i>Prunus dulcis</i> Mill. DA Webb) in Its Area of Extreme Diffusion, Using Nuclear Microsatellites

2012 ◽  
Vol 03 (09) ◽  
pp. 1294-1303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelali Elhamzaoui ◽  
Ahmed Oukabli ◽  
Jamal Charafi ◽  
Mohiéddine Moumni
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Prunus Dulcis ◽  
Nuclear Microsatellites

Genetic diversity assessment of the almond (Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A. Webb) traditional germplasm of Algarve, Portugal, using molecular markers

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (S1) ◽  
pp. S164-S167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Cabrita ◽  
Elena Apostolova ◽  
Alcinda Neves ◽  
António Marreiros ◽  
José Leitão
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Prunus Dulcis ◽  
Sequence Repeat ◽  
Regional Office ◽  
Field Collection ◽  
Diversity Assessment ◽  
Major Cluster ◽  
Local Germplasm ◽  
Simple Sequence

In this study, 123 almond (Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A. Webb) trees identified among traditional orchards in the Algarve region and 53 trees of the local field collection managed by the regional office of the Portuguese Ministry of Agriculture (DRAALG) were assessed using isozyme, inter-single sequence repeat and simple sequence repeat or microsatellite techniques for the evaluation of genetic diversity and genetic relatedness and identification of new accessions for the field collection. The isozyme analysis allowed the distribution of the 176 plants into 13 different classes of enzyme similarity, while the use of DNA markers increased the distribution of the analysed trees among 140 discriminating DNA patterns. Multiple cases of homonymy and synonymy were identified in the local germplasm. Some traditional varieties, such as Lourencinha, appeared to be relatively homogeneous, while other local denominations, e.g. Galamba, included diverse genotypes. Of the 13 commercial varieties analysed in this study, 11 assembled in one major cluster clearly differentiated from the majority of the local genotypes. These results reinforced the perception that the Algarve traditional germplasm constitutes an important repository of genetic diversity, eventually carrying alleles of high agricultural interest such as the recently identified Phomopsis resistance in the traditional variety Barrinho Grado.

scholarly journals Population Genetic Structure of Laurus nobilis L. Inferred From Transferred Nuclear Microsatellites

2009 ◽  
Vol 58 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 270-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Marzouki ◽  
N. Nasri ◽  
B. Jouaud ◽  
C. Bonnet ◽  
A. Khaldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Nuclear Microsatellites ◽  
Distribution Area ◽  
Gene Pools ◽  
Laurus Nobilis ◽  
The Mediterranean

Abstract Species with fragmented populations and low population size often display low within-population genetic diversity and strong among-population differentiation. Laurus nobilis L. (Lauraceae), common laurel, has a scattered distribution throughout the Mediterranean, with only few autochthonous populations. Our goal was to elucidate if this species has range-wide genetic structure and if planted material can be traced back to its origin. Genetic diversity was investigated using 4 polymorphic nuclear microsatellites (nSSR) transferred from two species of Lauraceae. Sixty-six laurel trees were selected from 7 widely separated populations within the Mediterranean distribution area of the species. A total of 34 alleles (9 alleles per locus on average) were found. Mean genetic diversity within-population (Hs), was 0.558. Genetic differentiation among populations (GST = 0.243) was high compared to that of other angiosperms. Laurus nobilis can be separated into two main gene pools, one from western (Tunisia, Algeria and France) and the other from eastern Mediterranean (Turkey). The Algerian, Tunisian and French populations presented a strong genetic similarity, compatible with the fact that North African laurel populations could be recently introduced from north-western Mediterranean stock.

scholarly journals Spatial Genetic Structure within Populations of Sorbus torminalis (L.) Crantz: Comparative Analysis of the Self-incompatibility Locus and Nuclear Microsatellites

2016 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Jankowska-Wroblewska ◽  
Joanna Warmbier ◽  
Jaroslaw Burczyk
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Population Differentiation ◽  
Spatial Genetic Structure ◽  
Population History ◽  
The Self ◽  
Nuclear Microsatellites ◽  
Self Incompatibility ◽  
Sorbus Torminalis ◽  
Incompatibility Locus

AbstractDistribution of genetic diversity among and within plant populations may depend on the mating system and the mechanisms underlying the efficiency of pollen and seed dispersal. In self-incompatible species, negative frequency-dependent selection acting on the self-incompatibility locus is expected to decrease intensity of spatial genetic structure (SGS) and to reduce population differentiation. We investigated two populations (peripheral and more central) of wild service tree (Sorbus torminalis(L.) Crantz), a self-incompatible, scattered tree species to test the differences in population differentiation and spatial genetic structure assessed at the self-incompatibility locus and neutral nuclear microsatellites. Although, both populations exhibited similar levels of genetic diversity regardless of the marker type, significant differentiation was noticed. Differences betweenFSTandRSTsuggested that in the case of microsatellites both mutations and drift were responsible for the observed differentiation level, but in the case of theS-RNaselocus drift played a major role. Microsatellites indicated a similar and significant level of spatial genetic structure in both populations; however, at theS-RNaselocus significant spatial genetic structure was found only in the fragmented population located at the north-eastern species range limits. Differences in SGS between the populations detected at the self-incompatibility locus were attributed mainly to the differences in fragmentation and population history.

Heterologous nuclear and chloroplast microsatellite amplification and variation in tea, Camellia sinensis

Genome ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 1041-1048 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiv Shankhar Kaundun ◽  
Satoru Matsumoto
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Camellia Sinensis ◽  
Nuclear Microsatellites ◽  
Chloroplast Microsatellites ◽  
Factorial Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Chloroplast Microsatellite ◽  
Camellia Japonica ◽  
Plastid Inheritance ◽  
Nuclear Microsatellite ◽  
Microsatellite Alleles

The advantage of the cross transferability of heterologous chloroplast and nuclear microsatellite primers was taken to detect polymorphism among 24 tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze) genotypes, including both the assamica and the sinensis varieties. Primer information was obtained from the closely related Camellia japonica species for four nuclear microsatellites, and from Nicotiana tabaccum for seven universal chloroplast microsatellites. All of the nuclear microsatellite loci tested generated an expected DNA fragment in tea, revealing between three and five alleles per locus. Four out of the seven chloroplast microsatellites primers amplified positively, and of these only one was polymorphic with three alleles, which is in agreement with the conserved nature of chloroplast microsatellites at the intraspecific level. A factorial correspondence analysis carried out on all genotypes and nuclear microsatellite alleles separated the assamica and sinensis genotypes into two groups, thus demonstrating the value of these markers in establishing the genetic relationship between tea varieties. Genetic diversity measured with nuclear microsatellites was higher than that measured with other types of molecular markers, offering prospects for their use in fingerprinting, mapping, and population genetic studies, whereas polymorphisms detected at a cpSSR locus will allow the determination of plastid inheritance in the species. Key words: tea, Camellia sinensis, SSR, microsatellites, genetic diversity.

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