Correlation between the International Prostate Symptom Score, Ultrasound Features and Maximum Flow Rate in Cameroonian Patients with Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy

INTRODUCTION: Intravesical prostatic protrusion is a morphological change due to excessive growth of the median and lateral lobes of the prostate into the bladder in benign prostatic hyperplasia. It causes a 'ball-valve' type of obstruction during voiding. It is a useful parameter to assess the severity of the disease process, selection of treatment modality and its possible outcome in benign prostatic hyperplasia.MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective, non-randomized, observational study was carried out from January 2014 to June 2014 in the Department of Urology, College of Medical Sciences, Nepal. Total of 50 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia were evaluated to assess the correlation of intravesical prostatic protrusion with international prostate symptom score, prostate volume, maximum flow rate and post void residual urine. Correlation between parameters of interest was quantified with Pearson correlation test.RESULTS: A positive correlation was demonstrated between intravesical prostatic protrusion, international prostate symptom score, prostate volume and post void residual urine. There was a negative correlation between intravesical prostatic protrusion and maximum flow rate.CONCLUSION: Intravesical prostatic protrusion is correlated with international prostate symptom score, prostate volume, maximum flow rate, and post void residual urine volume and hence can be used to assess the severity of benign prostatic hyperplasia.Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences Vol. 3, No. 1, 2015: 6-10

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Trigonal-Sparing vs. Trigonal-Involved OnabotulinumtoxinA Injection for the Treatment of Overactive Bladder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Frontiers in Neurology ◽

10.3389/fneur.2021.651635 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Yuanshan Cui ◽

Tong Cai ◽

Tiantian Dong ◽

Xiaoyi Zhang ◽

Zhongbao Zhou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Overactive Bladder ◽

Symptom Score ◽

Flow Rate ◽

Detrusor Overactivity ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Maximum Flow ◽

Maximum Flow Rate ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Detrusor Pressure ◽

Patient Symptom

Objective: Overactive bladder (OAB) is a disease characterized by the presence of urinary urgency. We carried out a meta-analysis to assess the effectiveness and safety of trigonal-involved injection of onabotulinumtoxinA (BoNT-A) in comparison with the trigonal-sparing technique in cases with OAB [neurogenic detrusor overactivity (NDO) and idiopathic detrusor overactivity (IDO)].Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of BoNT-A injection for OAB were searched systematically by using EMBASE, MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register. The datum was calculated by RevMan version 5.3.0. The original references of relating articles were also reviewed.Results: In total, six RCTs involving 437 patients were included in our analysis. For OAB, the trigone-including group showed a different patient symptom score (p = 0.03), complete dryness rate (p = 0.002), frequency of incontinence episodes (p = 0.01), detrusor pressure at maximum flow rate (p = 0.01), and volume at the first desire to void (p = 0.0004) compared with the trigone-sparing group. Also, a trigone-including intradetrusor injection demonstrated a significant improvement in the patient symptom score (p = 0.0004), complete dryness rate (p = 0.0002), frequency of incontinence episodes (p = 0.0003), detrusor pressure at maximum flow rate (p = 0.01), and volume at the first desire to void (p = 0.00006) compared with the trigone-sparing group for treatment of NDO. The adverse events rates were similar in both groups.Conclusions: The meta-analysis has demonstrated that trigone-including BoNT-A injection was more effective compared with the trigone-sparing injection for the treatment of OAB, especially for NDO.

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MAXIMUM FLOW RATE — THE SINGLE UROFLOWMETRIC PARAMETER IN CLINICAL TRIALS FOR BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA?

International Journal of Urology ◽

10.1111/j.1442-2042.1995.tb00007.x ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 2 (5) ◽

pp. 322-325

Author(s):

Yukio Homma ◽

Chieko Imajo ◽

Kazuki Kawabe

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trials ◽

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽

Flow Rate ◽

Maximum Flow ◽

Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽

Maximum Flow Rate

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Lichen sclerosis–induced long segment anterior urethral stricture: The early outcome of one-stage repair using dorsolateral onlay buccal mucosa graft

Urologia Journal ◽

10.1177/03915603211003396 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 039156032110033

Author(s):

Atef Fathi ◽

Omar Mohamed ◽

Osama Mahmoud ◽

Gamal A Alsagheer ◽

Ahmed M Reyad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Success Rate ◽

Urethral Stricture ◽

Flow Rate ◽

Urine Volume ◽

Maximum Flow ◽

Maximum Flow Rate ◽

P Value ◽

Onlay Graft ◽

Voiding Symptoms ◽

Stricture Recurrence

Background: Substitution urethroplasty using buccal mucosal grafts can be performed by several approaches including ventral onlay graft, dorsal onlay graft, or ventral urethrotomy with dorsal inlay graft. Our study aims to evaluate the surgical outcome of dorsolateral buccal mucosal graft for long segment anterior urethral stricture >6 cm in patients with Lichen sclerosus (LS). Methods: A retrospective study included patients who underwent repair for long segment anterior urethral stricture >6 cm due to LS between January 2013 and April 2019. All patients were followed-up at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months postoperatively and then yearly by clinical symptoms, uroflowmetry, and calculation of post-void residual urine volume. Retrograde urethrogram was requested for patients with voiding symptoms or decreased maximum flow rate. Stricture recurrence that required subsequent urethrotomy or urethroplasty was considered failure. The success rate and surgical complications were collected and analyzed. Results: Thirty patients were identified. The median age (range) was 39 (25–61) years and a median (range) stricture length was 8 (6–14) cm. Most of postoperative complications were of minor degree. The success rate at median follow-up of 15 (12–24) months was 86.5%. The median maximum flow rate increased significantly from 6 (2–11) ml/s preoperatively to 18 (range: 6–23) ml/s at the 6th month ( p value < 0.001). Conclusion: Dorsolateral buccal mucosal grafts urethroplasty for long anterior urethral stricture caused by LS has a high success rate and low risk of complications including stricture recurrence.

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Maximum Flow Rate of a Single Component, Two-Phase Mixture

Journal of Heat Transfer ◽

10.1115/1.3689029 ◽

1965 ◽

Vol 87 (1) ◽

pp. 134-141 ◽

Cited By ~ 145

Author(s):

F. J. Moody

Keyword(s):

Flow Rate ◽

Static Pressure ◽

Maximum Flow ◽

Single Component ◽

Maximum Flow Rate ◽

Vapor Flow ◽

Two Phase ◽

Slip Ratio ◽

Phase Mixture ◽

Local Slip

A theoretical model is developed for predicting the maximum flow rate of a single component, two-phase mixture. It is based upon annular flow, uniform linear velocities of each phase, and equilibrium between liquid and vapor. Flow rate is maximized with respect to local slip ratio and static pressure for known stagnation conditions. Graphs are presented giving maximum steam/water flow rates for: local static pressures between 25 and 3,000 psia, with local qualities from 0.01 to 1.00; local stagnation pressures and enthalpies which cover the range of saturation states.

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Effect of Blade Angle of Attack and Hub to Tip Ratio on Mass Flow Rate in an Axial Fan at a Fixed Rotational Speed

Volume 1: Symposia, Parts A and B ◽

10.1115/fedsm2008-55179 ◽

2008 ◽

Author(s):

Mohammad J. Izadi ◽

Alireza Falahat

Keyword(s):

Mass Flow Rate ◽

Mass Flow ◽

Flow Rate ◽

Rotational Speed ◽

Angle Of Attack ◽

Maximum Flow ◽

Maximum Flow Rate ◽

Maximum Mass ◽

Blade Angle ◽

Axial Fan

In this investigation an attempt is made to find the best hub to tip ratio, the maximum number of blades, and the best angle of attack of an axial fan with flat blades at a fixed rotational speed for a maximum mass flow rate in a steady and turbulent conditions. In this study the blade angles are varied from 30 to 70 degrees, the hub to tip ratio is varied from 0.2 to 0.4 and the number of blades are varied from 2 to 6 at a fixed hub rotational speed. The results show that, the maximum flow rate is achieved at a blade angle of attack of about 45 degrees for when the number of blades is set equal to 4 at most rotational velocities. The numerical results show that as the hub to tip ratio is decreased, the mass flow rate is increased. For a hub to tip ratio of 0.2, and an angle of attack around 45 degrees with 4 blades, a maximum mass flow rate is achieved.

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The characters exploration of a piezoelectric pump with fishtail-shaped bluffbody

Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures ◽

10.1177/1045389x211038696 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1045389X2110386

Author(s):

Yi Hou ◽

Lipeng He ◽

Zheng Zhang ◽

Baojun Yu ◽

Hong Jiang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Flow Rate ◽

Preliminary Investigation ◽

Maximum Flow ◽

Theoretical Explanation ◽

Maximum Flow Rate ◽

Bluff Bodies ◽

Conical Flow ◽

Piezoelectric Pump ◽

Valveless Piezoelectric Pump ◽

Shape And Size

This paper focuses on a new structure in the valveless piezoelectric pump, which has a combination structure of the conical flow channel and two fishtail-shaped bluffbodies in the chamber of the pump. The fishtail-shaped bluffbody is inspired by the shape of the swimming fish to diminish the backflow and optimize the performance of the pump. The performance is studied by changing the shape and size of the inlet and outlet, the bluff bodies’ height and the space between two bluff bodies. The results show that the 3 mm × 3 mm square inlet, 3 mm diameter round outlet, 3 mm height of bluffbodies, 6.8 mm pitch of bluffbodies has a best performance in all 10 prototypes, which implements a maximum flow rate of 87.5 ml/min at 170 V 40 Hz with a noise of 42.6 dB. This study makes a preliminary investigation and theoretical explanation for the subsequent optimization of this structure, improved the performance of the valveless piezoelectric pump, broaden the thinking of the design for the bluffbody for better performance of the valveless piezoelectric pump.

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Transport of Particle-Laden Fluids Through Fixed-Valve Micropumps

10.1115/imece1999-0312 ◽

1999 ◽

Author(s):

Ling-Sheng Jang ◽

Christopher J. Morris ◽

Nigel R. Sharma ◽

Ron L. Bardell ◽

Fred K. Forster

Keyword(s):

Surface Charge ◽

Surface Area ◽

Flow Rate ◽

Pure Water ◽

Maximum Flow ◽

Total Surface Area ◽

Maximum Flow Rate ◽

Number Density ◽

Polystyrene Microspheres ◽

Negative Surface

Abstract Micropumps designed for the flow-rate range of 100–1000μl/min have been developed by a number of research groups. However, little data is available regarding the ability of various designs to directly transport liquids containing particles such as cells, microspheres utilized for bead chemistry, or contaminants. In this study the ability of pumps with no-moving-parts valves (NMPV) to transport particles was investigated. The results showed that a NMPV micropump was able to directly pump suspensions of polystyrene microspheres from 3.1 to 20.3μm in diameter. The pump functioned without clogging at microsphere number densities as high as 9000 particles/μl of suspension, which corresponded to over 90,000 particles per second passing through the pump at a flow rate of 600μl/min. Performance with polystyrene microspheres was the same as pure water up to the point of cavitation. Microspheres manufactured with negative surface charge cavitated less readily that other microspheres studied that were manufactured without surface charge. However, cavitation did not appear to be a function of microsphere size, total surface area or number density. Thus pumping polystyrene microspheres was found to be more affected by surface effects than by size, surface area or number density within the range of parameters considered. In the case of charged microspheres, the maximum flow rate was reduced by 30% compared to pure water whereas for uncharged microspheres the maximum flow rate was reduced by approximately 80%.

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