scholarly journals <i>In vitro</i> Antibacterial Activity of Bioactive Potent Compounds from <i>Terminalia chebula</i> against Some Common Human Pathogens

2017 ◽  
Vol 08 (09) ◽  
pp. 283-291
Author(s):  
Shuvo Datta ◽  
Nishith Kumar Pal ◽  
Ashoke Kumar Nandy
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Terminalia Chebula ◽  
Human Pathogens

scholarly journals Modulatory Effects of Caffeine and Pentoxifylline on Aromatic Antibiotics: A Role for Hetero-Complex Formation

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 3628
Author(s):  
Anna Woziwodzka ◽  
Marta Krychowiak-Maśnicka ◽  
Grzegorz Gołuński ◽  
Anna Felberg ◽  
Agnieszka Borowik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Drug Repurposing ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Titration Calorimetry ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Neighborhood Association ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Antibiotic Interactions

Antimicrobial resistance is a major healthcare threat globally. Xanthines, including caffeine and pentoxifylline, are attractive candidates for drug repurposing, given their well-established safety and pharmacological profiles. This study aimed to analyze potential interactions between xanthines and aromatic antibiotics (i.e., tetracycline and ciprofloxacin), and their impact on antibiotic antibacterial activity. UV-vis spectroscopy, statistical-thermodynamical modeling, and isothermal titration calorimetry were used to quantitatively evaluate xanthine-antibiotic interactions. The antibacterial profiles of xanthines, and xanthine-antibiotic mixtures, towards important human pathogens Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecium, Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Enterobacter cloacae were examined. Caffeine and pentoxifylline directly interact with ciprofloxacin and tetracycline, with neighborhood association constant values of 15.8–45.6 M−1 and enthalpy change values up to −4 kJ·M−1. Caffeine, used in mixtures with tested antibiotics, enhanced their antibacterial activity in most pathogens tested. However, antagonistic effects of caffeine were also observed, but only with ciprofloxacin toward Gram-positive pathogens. Xanthines interact with aromatic antibiotics at the molecular and in vitro antibacterial activity level. Given considerable exposure to caffeine and pentoxifylline, these interactions might be relevant for the effectiveness of antibacterial pharmacotherapy, and may help to identify optimal treatment regimens in the era of multidrug resistance.

scholarly journals In Vitro Assessment of the Antimicrobial Efficacy of Chitosan from Scylla serrata Against the Human Pathogens

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangeetha B ◽  
Indra V ◽  
Abdul Rahim M ◽  
Venkadachalam E
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Scylla Serrata ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Crab Shell ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Agar Disc ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries

Chitosan, a polysaccharide derivative of chitin forms the structural components in the exoskeletons of crustacean animals and is also found in the cell walls of fungi. Chitosan is produced primarily from the crab shell waste through chemical means. The chemical structure of chitosan has been identified and characterized by FT-IR and XRD. In the current study, the antimicrobial activity of chemically deacetylated chitosan extracts of mud crabs (Scylla serrata) was evaluated against five human pathogenic isolates viz. Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, Klebsiella pneumonia, Bacillus cereus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa using agar disc diffusion method. These were performed to determine the crystallinity and functional properties of chitosan. The results showed that the antibacterial effect increased with increasing chitosan concentration. This study showed that chitosan isolated from crab shell has potential antibacterial activity therefore it can be utilized in the food and pharmaceutical industries, and that antibacterial activity may be due to functional groups present in the crab shell.

scholarly journals In vitro evaluation of antibacterial activity in ethanolic extract of whole plant Sphaeranthus indicus Linn.

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1730
Author(s):  
Preeja K. Sundaresan ◽  
Kala P. Kesavan
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Traditional System ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Mueller Hinton ◽  
Mueller Hinton Agar ◽  
Sphaeranthus Indicus

Background: Sphaeranthus indicus Linn is a widely used medicinal plant in Indian traditional system of medicine against human pathogens. Alarming bacterial resistance is urging scientist to search for newer anti-microbial substances from the medicinal plants. The objective of the study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of ethanolic extract of the whole plant Sphaeranthus indicus Linn (Asteraceae).Methods: The antibacterial activity of ethanolic extract of whole plant of Sphaeranthus indicus Linn was done against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis and Staphylococcus aureus in Mueller Hinton Agar (MHA) and compared with ciprofloxacin as standard by disc diffusion method.Results: The study revealed that there was no zone of inhibition in doses of 100 mcg, 200 mcg and 300 mcg of ethanolic whole plant extract of Sphaeranthus indicus in MHA plates compared with ciprofloxacin 30 mcg.Conclusions: Ethanolic extract of Sphaeranthus indicus does not have antibacterial activity. Further studies are needed in different extracts and parts of the plant. Simultaneous studies can be done in different places to evaluate environmental factors and regional variations.

scholarly journals Modulatory Effects of Caffeine and Pentoxifylline on Aromatic Antibiotics: A Role for Heterocomplex Formation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Woziwodzka ◽  
Marta Krychowiak-Maśnicka ◽  
Grzegorz Gołuński ◽  
Anna Felberg ◽  
Agnieszka Borowik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Drug Repurposing ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Titration Calorimetry ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Neighborhood Association ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Antibiotic Interactions

Abstract Antimicrobial resistance is a major healthcare threat globally. Xanthines, including caffeine and pentoxifylline, are attractive candidates for drug repurposing, given their well-established safety and pharmacological profiles. This study aimed to analyze potential interactions between xanthines and aromatic antibiotics (i.e., tetracycline and ciprofloxacin), and their impact on antibacterial activity. UV-vis spectroscopy, statistical-thermodynamical modeling, and isothermal titration calorimetry were used to quantitatively evaluate xanthine-antibiotic interactions. The antibacterial profiles of xanthines and xanthine-antibiotic mixtures towards important human pathogens Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecium, Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Enterobacter cloacae were examined. Caffeine and pentoxifylline directly interact with ciprofloxacin and tetracycline, with neighborhood association constant values of 15.8–45.6 M− 1 and enthalpy change values up to -4 kJ M− 1. Caffeine showed antibacterial activity (minimum inhibitory concentration, 4–8 mg/mL) toward Gram-negative bacteria. Caffeine enhanced the antibacterial activity of the tested antibiotics in most pathogens tested. Antagonistic effects of caffeine were observed only with ciprofloxacin toward Gram-positive pathogens. Xanthines interact with aromatic antibiotics at the molecular and in vitro antibacterial activity level. Given considerable exposure to caffeine and pentoxifylline, these interactions are relevant for the effectiveness of antibacterial pharmacotherapy, and may help to identify optimal treatment regimens in the era of multidrug resistance.

scholarly journals In vitro antibacterial activity of Terminalia chebula leaf gall extracts against some human pathogenic strains

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (8) ◽  
pp. 217-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
BE Ravi Shankara ◽  
YL Ramachandra ◽  
S Sundara Rajan ◽  
J Preetham ◽  
PS Sujan Ganapathy
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Pharmaceutical Journal ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Terminalia Chebula ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
South Indian

The leaf galls of Terminalia chebula is used widely as Karkatasringi in south Indian markets. Karkatashringi is an important crude drug employed in various indigenous systems of medicine against several diseases and the drug has diverse medicinal properties. The present study was carried out to understand the antimicrobial activity of various extracts. The antibacterial activity of T. chebula (leaf gall) was evaluated against ten bacterial strains including Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria using the agar-well diffusion method. Among the two extracts tested, the ethanol extract presented the best results against all the bacteria while aqueous extract showed moderate inhibition of the microbial growth. Each extract is unique against different microorganisms; Staphylococcus aureus was more susceptible to both extract among the tested organisms, whereas Serratia marcescens and Proteus mirabilis were less susceptible for ethanol and aqueous extract respectively. The inhibitory effect of the extracts was compared with standard antibiotic Ciprofloxacin.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/icpj.v1i8.11254 International Current Pharmaceutical Journal 2012, 1(8): 217-220 

scholarly journals In-Vitro Antibacterial Properties of Ethanol and Methanol Extracts of Betel Leaves Collected from Different Areas of Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-127
Author(s):  
Md Sahadat Hossain ◽  
Kamal Kanta Das ◽  
Mrityunjoy Acharjee
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Betel Leaf ◽  
Test Organisms ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

Current investigation depicted in-vitro antibacterial activity of available betel leaf (sweet, hot and fresh betel leaves) collected from different place of Bangladesh. The in-vitro antimicrobial activities of the ethanol and methanol extracts of the betel leaf were noticeable against tested bacteria. Among 3 categories of samples, the antibacterial action of ethanol extracts of hot betal leaf was found the highest against most of the bacteria except Klebsiella sp. and Staphylococcus sp., while the methanol extract showed antibacterial activity against all the pathogenic strains tested. The highest MIC (1mg/ml) and the lowest MIC values (25mg/ml) of hot betel leaf and sweet betel leaf were found against E. coli and all test organisms, respectively. This evidence revealed that betel leaf extracts can be used to combat against human pathogens. Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 34 Number 2 December 2017, pp 125-127

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