Canine American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis: A Clinical and Immunological Study in Dogs Naturally Infected with Leishmania Braziliensis Braziliensis in an Endemic Area of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) is a focal disease whose surveillance and control require complex actions. The present study aimed to apply integrated tools related to entomological surveillance, environmental management, and health education practices in an ACL-endemic area in Rio de Janeiro city, RJ, Brazil. The distribution of the disease, the particular characteristics of the localities, and entomological data were used as additional information about ACL determinants. Environmental management actions were evaluated after health education practices. The frequency of ACL vectorsLutzomyia (N.) intermediaandL. migoneiinside and outside houses varied according to environment characteristics, probably influenced by the way of life of the popular groups. In this kind of situation environmental management and community mobilization become essential, as they help both specialists and residents create strategies that can interfere in the dynamics of vector’s population and the contact between man and vectors.

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GENETIC DIVERSITY OF Lutzomyia (Nyssomyia) intermedia IN AN ENDEMIC AREA OF AMERICAN CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS, STATE OF PARANÁ, BRAZIL

Acta Biológica Colombiana ◽

10.15446/abc.v26n3.84619 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 365-373

Author(s):

André Luiz Gonçalves ◽

Edilene Alcântara de Castro ◽

Ennio Luz ◽

Ricardo Cancio Fendrich ◽

Nataly Araújo de Souza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽

Endemic Area ◽

Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽

Genotypic Diversity ◽

Neotropical Region ◽

Leishmania Braziliensis ◽

American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽

Transmission Area ◽

In The Wild

Lutzomyia intermedia (Diptera: Psychodidae) features as one of the main vectors that are involved in the transmission of American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) in the Neotropical region. However, genetic studies involving this taxon are still incipient and important for understanding the level of variability of different populations, their role, and implications as vectors. The aim of this study was to determine the level of genetic diversity of L. intermedia present in the Ribeira River Valley, an area of ACL transmission in the state of Paraná, Brazil, through the Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Two municipalities were chosen to collect sand flies: Cerro Azul (new transmission area of the ACL) and Adrianópolis (endemic area of the ACL). The insects were captured in the house, in the peridomicile and in the wild (forest). Two of the used markers made it possible to estimate the polymorphism of the studied populations, resulting in 40 genotypes, most of them from peridomicile. The dendrogram generated by the analysis with the primer A10 showed different degrees of similarity, suggesting that there may be gene flow in the studied populations. The Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCO) with the A2 primer, was useful in grouping L. intermedia according to its ecological and geographical origin. There was no distinction between the lineages composing the L. intermedia complex. The results of this study, with the record of great genotypic diversity in L. intermedia, may contribute to explain the maintenance of the life cycle of Leishmania braziliensis (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae) in the region.

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An outbreak of american cutaneous leishmaniasis (Leishmania braziliensis braziliensis) in a periurban area of Rio de Janeiro city, Brazil: clinical and epidemiological studies

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz ◽

10.1590/s0074-02761988000400006 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 83 (4) ◽

pp. 427-435 ◽

Cited By ~ 47

Author(s):

Manoel P. Oliveira-Neto ◽

Claude Pirmez ◽

Elizabeth Rangel ◽

Armando Schubach ◽

Gabriel Grimaldi Júnior

Keyword(s):

Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽

Rio De Janeiro ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Domestic Animals ◽

Skin Tests ◽

Leishmania Braziliensis ◽

Immunofluorescence Test ◽

Indirect Immunofluorescence Test ◽

American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽

The City

From July 1984 to September 1986, 105 cases of American cutaneous leishmaniasis were studied in a locality closely situated to an urbanized area of the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Settement in this area was established at least 20 years ago but the first cases were noted six months prior to the beginning of this study. Cases were almost exlusively cutaneous and ulcerated, with one to six months of evolution. Montenegro's skin tests were positive in all cases and anti-Leishmania antibodies were detected by indirect immunofluorescence test in 74.3% of the patients. Parasites were demonstrated in 69.5% of cases. Domestic animals were easily found infected; 32% of the examined dogs and 30.8% of the examined equines were positive to the presence of Leishmania in cutaneous ulcerated lesions. Parasite isolates from human, dog andequines were immunologically characterized and identified as L. b. braziliensis. 73,0% of the sandfly population were Lutzomyia intermedia mainly caught on human baits and on domestic animals. Our observations suggest that this is an area of recent established L. b. braziliensis infection and that transmission probably occurs indoors or outdoors close to the houses.

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RISK FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH AMERICAN CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS IN AN ENDEMIC AREA OF BRAZIL

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo ◽

10.1590/s1678-9946201658086 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 58 (0) ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Alberon Ribeiro de ARAUJO ◽

Nairomberg Cavalcanti PORTELA ◽

Ana Paula Sampaio FEITOSA ◽

Otamires Alves da SILVA ◽

Ricardo Andrade Arraes XIMENES ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽

Endemic Area ◽

Factors Associated ◽

American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis

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Seventeen years of American cutaneous leishmaniasis in a Southern Brazilian municipality

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo ◽

10.1590/s0036-46652012000400006 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 54 (4) ◽

pp. 215-218 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Wilsandrei Cella ◽

Simone Cristina Castanho Sabaini de Melo ◽

Cátia Millene Dell Agnolo ◽

Sandra Marisa Pelloso ◽

Thaís Gomes Verzignassi Silveira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽

Rural Area ◽

Prevalence Rate ◽

Endemic Area ◽

Skin Lesions ◽

Lower Limbs ◽

Age Group ◽

American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽

Incomplete Filling ◽

Residence Location

We reviewed the records of 151 patients diagnosed with American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) from 1993 to 2009 in the municipality of Japura, Paraná, Brazil. Gender, age, occupation, place of residence, location of lesions, type and number of lesions were analyzed. The prevalence rate of ACL was 11.5/10,000 hab, of which 84.7% were male, 58.3% lived in rural area and 49.0% were farmers. The most frequent age group was between 30 to 39 years (26.6%). Skin lesions occurred in 92.7% of the patients with predominance in the lower limbs (23.9%) and 49.1% of the records did not include the number of lesions location due to incomplete filling. A single ulceration was present in 44.4%. Japurá is an endemic area for ACL, requiring public actions and preventive education.

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