Lightweight Design of Automotive Front End Material-Structure Based on Frontal Collision

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
JIANGFAN ZHANG ◽  
Xiaojun Zou ◽  
Liu-kai Yuan ◽  
Hualin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Lightweight Design ◽  
Material Structure ◽  
Front End ◽  
Frontal Collision

Lightweight optimization of the front end structure of an automobile body using entropy-based grey relational analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 233 (4) ◽  
pp. 917-934 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Xiong ◽  
Dengfeng Wang ◽  
Zhengdong Ma ◽  
Tiantong Lv ◽  
Longbo Ji
Keyword(s):  
Grey Relational Analysis ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Lightweight Design ◽  
Torsional Stiffness ◽  
Original Design ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Relational Analysis ◽  
Front End ◽  
Automobile Body ◽  
Grey Relational

This study deals with the multi-objective lightweight optimization of the front end structure of an automobile body, as the main assembly to withstand impact force and protect occupants from injuries in frontal collision, based on entropy-based grey relational analysis (EGRA). First, basic noise, vibration, and harshness (NVH) models of the automobile body and crashworthiness models of the vehicle are established and then validated by corresponding actual experiments; hence the lightweight controlling quotas are extracted. Next, the contribution analysis method determines the final parts for lightweight optimization, for which both continuous thickness variables and discrete material variables are simultaneously taken into account. Subsequently, design of experiment (DoE) using the optimal Latin hypercube sampling (OLHS) method is carried out, considering the total mass and the torsional stiffness of the automobile body, the maximum intrusion deformation on the firewall, the maximum impact acceleration at lower end of the B-pillar, and the total material cost of the selected optimization parts as five competing optimization objectives. After that, the optimal combination of thickness and material parameters of the optimization parts is determined using EGRA and confirmed by technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS). Finally, a comparison between the original design and the post-lightweight design, namely the optimized design, further confirms the effectiveness of the lightweight optimization. According to the outcomes, the automobile body is lightweight optimized with a mass decrease of 4.98 kg on the basis of well guaranteeing other relevant mechanical performance. Accordingly, the EGRA could be well employed to the multi-objective lightweight optimization of the automobile body.

scholarly journals Impact Analysis of Go-Kart Bumper to Frontal Collision for Different Materials

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 2621-2624
Keyword(s):  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Equivalent Stress ◽  
Stress And Strain ◽  
Total Deformation ◽  
Front End ◽  
Automobile Body ◽  
Frontal Collision ◽  
Low Distortion ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
The Impact

The very basic inescapable ramification of using automobiles is that from now and then accidents will cause damage to it. In this advanced world, many modern materials have been introduced to the automobile body. A bumper is an edifice structure appertain to the front end and rear end of an automobile that covers the chassis. The bumper and the substructure chassis are the two components that take most of the impetus force during collision conditions. In this work, the bumper of a Go-Kart has been modelled and analysed using ANSYS R19.2 software. The model is analysed in various standard conditions for impact analysis using disparate materials namely Polyethalene, Epoxy Resin And Aluminium Alloy. Various parameters such as total deformation, equivalent stress, equivalent elastic strain have been observed and results were noted. The robustness of the component is determined by pinpointing the fragment or chunk that the breach will occur or where the equivalent stress is elevated when force is attached in front of the Go-Kart. The impact analysis under dynamic loading shows that Expoxy Resin material is more reliable for Go-Kart bumper as it is producing low distortion and has low stress and strain compared to other materials used.

Frontal Offset Crash: Smart Structure Solution

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saad A. Jawad ◽  
Mohamed Ridha Baccouche
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Smart Structures ◽  
Smart Structure ◽  
Load Path ◽  
Front End ◽  
Frontal Collision ◽  
Partial Overlap ◽  
Overlap Ratio

Abstract The majority of real world frontal collisions involve partial overlap of the vehicle front. Excessive, intrusion is usually generated on the impacted side subjecting occupants to higher contact injury risk compared with full frontal collision. The problem encountered by the front end design engineer is to address conflicting requirements of keeping the G-level in the full frontal crash within its permitted values, and minimizing intrusions in offset crash. Traditional solutions to this problem focus on the use of three forked and cross members to ensure continuity of the load path into the passenger compartment. The ideal structure for offset crash is to stiffen the impacted side of the structure, and transfer part of the load to the non-impacted side to even out the load on both sides. Smart hydraulic structure is proposed to meet these ideal requirements. Sample hydraulic “Smart Structures” were designed and tested for feasibility of crash under high-pressure and high-speed impact conditions. This research is attempting to find a solution to the design trade off faced by the designer for offset crash. A novel system of “Smart Structures” is introduced to support the function of the existing passive structure. The proposed “Smart Structures” consist of two independently controlled hydraulic cylinders integrated with the front-end rails. A ten-degrees of freedom, two-dimensional spring-mass-damper simulation model has been developed to study the dynamics of crash between two vehicles in head-on collisions. The model inputs mass, speed of both colliding vehicles, overlap ratio and deformation characteristics of both passive and “smart” structures. The model assumes that the two colliding structures geometrically interact with each other. Full simulations of various scenarios of offset crashes were investigated using “Smart Structures” integrated with the front rail members. Deployable “Smart Structures” have not been considered in this paper as this scenario was covered in previous publication (9). “Smart Structures” proved superior to the traditional passive structures by absorbing more energy for the same crush zone distance, stiffening the impacted side and stiffening the structure at high-speed impacts. The results are reduced intrusion for offset crashes while maintaining the permitted G-level in both full and offset crashes.

Current research developments of electromagnetic joining technology in China-A review

2021 ◽  
Vol 01 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yangfan Qin ◽  
Hao Jiang ◽  
Guangyao Li ◽  
Junjia Cui
Keyword(s):  
Lightweight Design ◽  
Dissimilar Materials ◽  
Development Trend ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Material Structure ◽  
Magnetic Pulse ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Joining Technology ◽  
Pulse Welding ◽  
Design And Manufacture

: With the increasing applications of multi-material structures in lightweight vehicle, traditional joining techniques are highly challenged in joining dissimilar materials. To meet the requirements of the multi-material structure of lightweight design, electromagnetic joining (EMJ) technology including electromagnetic riveting (EMR) and magnetic pulse welding (MPW) developed rapidly in recent years, which can achieve good connection performance for complex-shaped structures and dissimilar materials. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the research progress of the EMJ technology in China. Moreover, this review aims at providing a guideline for researchers engaged in electromagnetic joining technology and other connecting processes to further improve the level of lightweight vehicle design and manufacture. Firstly, the development history and status of EMJ was presented. Then the basic joining principles and characteristics of EMR and MPW were analyzed in detail. Subsequently, the investigation of joints formation mechanism, mechanical properties of joints and equipment development of EMR and MPW techniques were reviewed and analyzed. Especially, the operating principle is described along with various factors affecting the mechanical and microcosmic properties of joints. Finally, the future development trend of the EMJ technology based on the current research progress is highlighted.

Structure-material integrated multi-objective lightweight design of the front end structure of automobile body

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 829-847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Xiong ◽  
Dengfeng Wang ◽  
Zhengdong Ma ◽  
Shuming Chen ◽  
Tiantong Lv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lightweight Design ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Front End ◽  
Automobile Body

Case Study of SUV Hatchback: ‘Material-Structure-Process-Performance’ Integration Design and Numerical Verification of Automotive Composite Components

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Zhang ◽  
Ning Kang ◽  
Lijun Li ◽  
Lingyu Sun
Keyword(s):  
Design Method ◽  
Lightweight Design ◽  
Integrated Design ◽  
Resin Matrix ◽  
Material Structure ◽  
Numerical Verification ◽  
Rtm Process ◽  
Design Variables ◽  
Filling Time ◽  
Torsion Stiffness

Substitution of steel by lightweight resin-matrix composites is an effective way of weight reduction for automobiles. In this paper, an integrated design method involving material property, structural geometry, process formability and resultant performance for automotive composite components is proposed. Referring to the exterior styling and assembly space of original steel reference, the conceptual CAD model is established. For the selected materials, optimization of minimizing the mass is carried out with layer thickness, stacking sequence and dimensions of each composite component as design variables, referring to the regulations requirements on performance of steel benchmark as constraint conditions. Then the resin transfer molding (RTM) process is simulated and optimized to determine the optimal forming parameters. As an example, a SUV hatchback with composite laminate is developed by RTM technique. Finally, the lightweight design of hatchback is achieved under the multiple constraints of static bending, torsion stiffness and vibration frequencies. The results show that the weight of SUV hatchback has been reduced 38.8%, whereas the stiffness and frequency all meet the requirements. When manufacturing with RTM process, the filling time of the final optimized program is 443 s, without any air trap. This instance has validated the effectiveness and feasibility of the integrated design method which is also applicable to other automotive composite components.

scholarly journals Using an Extendable Bumper With an Aid of Vehicle Dynamics Control System to Improve the Occupant Safety in Frontal Vehicle-to-Vehicle Collision Scenario

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostafa Elkady ◽  
Ahmed Elmarakbi ◽  
John MacIntyre
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Control System ◽  
Vehicle Dynamics ◽  
Equations Of Motion ◽  
Vehicle Body ◽  
Vehicle To Vehicle ◽  
Front End ◽  
Vehicle Collision ◽  
Frontal Collision ◽  
Vehicle Dynamics Control

This paper aims to improve vehicle crashworthiness using vehicle dynamics control systems (VDCS) integrated with an extendable front-end structure (extendable bumper). The work carried out in this paper includes developing and analyzing a new vehicle dynamics/crash mathematical model and a multi-body occupant mathematical model in case of vehicle-to-vehicle full frontal impact. The first model integrates a vehicle dynamics model with the vehicle’s front-end structure to define the vehicle body crash kinematic parameters. In this model, the anti-lock braking system (ABS) and the active suspension control system (ASC) are co-simulated, and its associated equations of motion are developed and solved numerically. The second model is used to capture the occupant kinematics during full frontal collision. The simulations show considerable improvements using VDCS with and without the extendable bumper (EB), which produces additional significant improvements for both vehicle body acceleration and intrusion.

Electron Microscopy in Molecular Biology

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 2-3
Author(s):  
Cecil E. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Noise Level ◽  
Molecular Structures ◽  
Material Structure ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Shadow Casting ◽  
Electron Image ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Very High

The visualization of organic macromolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, viruses and virus components has reached its high degree of effectiveness owing to refinements and reliability of instruments and to the invention of methods for enhancing the structure of these materials within the electron image. The latter techniques have been most important because what can be seen depends upon the molecular and atomic character of the object as modified which is rarely evident in the pristine material. Structure may thus be displayed by the arts of positive and negative staining, shadow casting, replication and other techniques. Enhancement of contrast, which delineates bounds of isolated macromolecules has been effected progressively over the years as illustrated in Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4 by these methods. We now look to the future wondering what other visions are waiting to be seen. The instrument designers will need to exact from the arts of fabrication the performance that theory has prescribed as well as methods for phase and interference contrast with explorations of the potentialities of very high and very low voltages. Chemistry must play an increasingly important part in future progress by providing specific stain molecules of high visibility, substrates of vanishing “noise” level and means for preservation of molecular structures that usually exist in a solvated condition.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document