Accident Information for Traffic Accident Reconstruction - The Role of the Automobile Lamp Filament

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akira Kawakami ◽  
Hidenobu Sekimori ◽  
Akira Shinohara



2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (25) ◽  
pp. 1550148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Shi ◽  
Jin-Hua Tan

Heavy fog weather can increase traffic accidents and lead to freeway closures which result in delays. This paper aims at exploring traffic accident and emission characteristics in heavy fog, as well as freeway intermittent release measures for heavy fog weather. A driving simulator experiment is conducted for obtaining driving behaviors in heavy fog. By proposing a multi-cell cellular automaton (CA) model based on the experimental data, the role of intermittent release measures on the reduction of traffic accidents and CO emissions is studied. The results show that, affected by heavy fog, when cellular occupancy [Formula: see text], the probability of traffic accidents is much higher; and CO emissions increase significantly when [Formula: see text]. After an intermittent release measure is applied, the probability of traffic accidents and level of CO emissions become reasonable. Obviously, the measure can enhance traffic safety and reduce emissions.





MANASA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-64
Author(s):  
Patricia Angeline ◽  
Retha Arjadi

Many things can cause traffic accident, including the driver behaviour. Aggressive drivingbehaviour is associated with the risk of traffic accident. Aggressive driving behaviour usuallypredicted by external factors, such as other driver’s attitude or gesture that could trigger anger.However, aggressive driving behaviour could also be shown in a situation where there is no otherdriver, for example when someone drive with a high speed in an empty traffic. This means, internalfactor, associated with the ability of the drivers to control themselves, can also contribute toaggressive driving behaviour. This study aims to investigate the role of self-control in predictingaggressive driving behaviour in car driver, specifically in Jakarta. The result from linearaggression analysis shows that self-control significantly predicted aggressive driving behaviourin car drivers in Jakarta. The coefficient is negative, showing that higher self-control determineslower aggressive driving behaviour, and lower self-control determines higher aggressive drivingbehaviour. Practical implications, limitations of the study, and recommendation for future studyare discussed.



2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-79
Author(s):  
Tomáš Coufal ◽  
Marek Semela

The paper presents complete results of the head-on small overlap crash test of vehicle with driver moving at a speed of approximately 12 m/s against stationary vehicle with post-crash rollover. When a crash does not involve the main crush-zone structures, the occupant compartment is not well protected. The emphasis in the paper was put on determination and presentation of crash parameters for the application in traffic accident analyses and for simulation with the help of software for accident reconstruction. The experimentally measured data from the crash test were analysed and important crash parameters which are necessary for accident reconstruction were obtained. The crash test was specific because of rollover of the impacting vehicle resulting from small overlap. The results have shown that small overlap accident is extremely dangerous for the crew with the possibility of vehicle rollover and occupant head and neck injury. Also in this case, at relative low speed, the driver suffered light neck and head injury in the following days and the longitudinal damage was relatively large. The input parameters for accident reconstruction software as the result of performed crash test were gained.



2013 ◽  
Vol 572 ◽  
pp. 570-573
Author(s):  
Xue Jing Du ◽  
Huan Huan Guo

In order to obtain characteristic parameters of the debris from accident pictures for traffic accident reconstruction, MATLAB image processing technology was applied to deal with accident pictures such as grayscale transformation, binarization, noise reduction and segmentation. According to the proportional relationship obtained by camera calibration between pixel and the actual size, the diameter of sphere debris, the length and width of rectangular debris were achieved. The error calculated by comparing extraction parameters of accident picture with real size is within 5%.



2012 ◽  
Vol 152-154 ◽  
pp. 1177-1182
Author(s):  
Yuan Quan ◽  
Xiao Qi Chen ◽  
Yi Bing Li

According to the experience of traffic accident investigation over the years, the pointer of some crashed vehicles’ speedometer will stay in one place because of collision spread or heavily vibration, which may indicate the vehicle collision speed. However, the correlation between the residual speed value and actual vehicle collision speed still remains to be examined. For the practical needs of traffic accident reconstruction, this research work is carried out. Based on the principles of traditional speedometers, vehicle impact mechanics and failure mechanism, the damage and failure mode of speedometer in collision are studied. Through the statistics of 15 real traffic accident cases, the features and law about the pointer information of damaged speedometers are obtained initially. As an example, one of these cases is analyzed and calculated to verify the assumption. The availability of the mark information on the indicated place of speedometer after accidents (i.e. the correlation between the speed value of pointers and actual vehicle collision speed) is discussed, which can provide effective means and references for accident reconstruction and vehicle speed identification.



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