The Importance of Computerized Drug Interaction Checker Programs Used in Community Pharmacies to Avoid Potential Drug Interactions: A Preliminary Study with Clarithromycin

Drug interaction is a type of Drug-Related Problems (DRPs) that caneventually increase morbidity and mortality rates. CKD patients have asignificant risk of developing polypharmacy due to comorbid diseases andpharmacokinetics' alteration. The literature review was conducted byexploring all of the articles related to the drug interaction using druginteraction analysis program in CKD patients, which obtained from threedatabases, namely Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct, usingseveral keywords combination. Based on the comprehensive reviewsconducted, it is known that the most common effects of antihypertensivedrug interactions in CKD patients are decreasing effects of antihypertensivedrugs, hypotension, and hyperkalemia. Handling management used for theemergence of potential drug interactions is based on the severity of the druginteractions and complete knowledge of the patients' clinical condition. Themanagement of drug interaction by monitoring blood pressure, diuresis, andpotassium levels; Monitor the related effect symptoms; Monitor the fluidand body weight; Monitor the kidney and heart function. On the conditionwhere the handling management of potential drug interactions is not carriedout, elevated morbidity and mortality rates are the risks of complicationsarising from the drug interactions.

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Emerging and experimental treatments for COVID-19 and drug interactions with psychotropic agents

Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology ◽

10.1177/2045125320935306 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

pp. 204512532093530 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Delia Bishara ◽

Chris Kalafatis ◽

David Taylor

Keyword(s):

Drug Interaction ◽

Adverse Effects ◽

Drug Interactions ◽

Clinical Trial Data ◽

Potential Drug ◽

Qtc Prolongation ◽

Experimental Drugs ◽

Psychotropic Agents ◽

The Common ◽

Experimental Treatments

As yet, no agents have been approved for the treatment of COVID-19, although several experimental drugs are being used off licence. These may have serious adverse effects and potential drug interactions with psychotropic agents. We reviewed the common agents being used across the world for the treatment of COVID-19 and investigated their drug interaction potential with psychotropic agents using several drug interaction databases and resources. A preliminary search identified the following drugs as being used to treat COVID-19 symptoms: atazanavir (ATV), azithromycin (AZI), chloroquine (CLQ)/hydroxychloroquine (HCLQ), dipyridamole, famotidine (FAM), favipiravir, lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r), nitazoxanide, remdesivir, ribavirin and tocilizumab. Many serious adverse effects and potential drug interactions with psychotropic agents were identified. The most problematic agents were found to be ATV, AZI, CLQ, HCLQ, FAM and LPV/r in terms of both pharmacokinetic as well as serious pharmacodynamic drug interactions, including QTc prolongation and neutropenia. Significant caution should be exercised if using any of the medications being trialled for the treatment of COVID-19 until robust clinical trial data are available. An even higher threshold of vigilance should be maintained for patients with pre-existing conditions and older adults due to added toxicity and drug interactions, especially with psychotropic agents.

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Potential drug–drug interactions in prescriptions dispensed in community pharmacies in Greece

Pharmacy World & Science ◽

10.1007/s11096-010-9365-1 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 32 (2) ◽

pp. 187-193 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Anna Chatsisvili ◽

Ioakeim Sapounidis ◽

Georgia Pavlidou ◽

Eudoxia Zoumpouridou ◽

Vasileios-Alexandros Karakousis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Interactions ◽

Community Pharmacies ◽

Potential Drug

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Potential Drug Interactions— Fact or Fallacy?

Drug Intelligence & Clinical Pharmacy ◽

10.1177/106002807500901101 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 9 (11) ◽

pp. 586-590 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Curtis D. Black ◽

Nicholas G. Popovich

Keyword(s):

Drug Interaction ◽

Drug Interactions ◽

Patient Care ◽

Clinical Studies ◽

Literature Search ◽

Potential Drug ◽

Careful Evaluation ◽

Current Drug ◽

Drug Drug Interaction

At present, the pharmacist is faced with a perplexing number of potential drug interactions as they relate to patient care. The purpose of the investigation was to evaluate current drug-drug interaction literature, specifically gastrointestinal drug interactions. Literature search and review evaluated the authoritative basis on which conclusions were made. From this, a review was written to illustrate fallacies and misconceptions that could be derived from the literature with the intent it would serve as a guide in interpreting and evaluating drug-drug interactions. The overall study illustrates the vast need for careful evaluation of drug interaction literature before erroneous recommendations are made on conceivably inconclusive clinical studies.

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A Minimal Information Model for Potential Drug-Drug Interactions

Frontiers in Pharmacology ◽

10.3389/fphar.2020.608068 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Harry Hochheiser ◽

Xia Jing ◽

Elizabeth A. Garcia ◽

Serkan Ayvaz ◽

Ratnesh Sahay ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Interaction ◽

Drug Interactions ◽

Best Practice ◽

Task Force ◽

Information Model ◽

Potential Drug ◽

Community Group ◽

Drug Drug Interaction ◽

Potential Interactions ◽

Minimal Information

Despite the significant health impacts of adverse events associated with drug-drug interactions, no standard models exist for managing and sharing evidence describing potential interactions between medications. Minimal information models have been used in other communities to establish community consensus around simple models capable of communicating useful information. This paper reports on a new minimal information model for describing potential drug-drug interactions. A task force of the Semantic Web in Health Care and Life Sciences Community Group of the World-Wide Web consortium engaged informaticians and drug-drug interaction experts in in-depth examination of recent literature and specific potential interactions. A consensus set of information items was identified, along with example descriptions of selected potential drug-drug interactions (PDDIs). User profiles and use cases were developed to demonstrate the applicability of the model. Ten core information items were identified: drugs involved, clinical consequences, seriousness, operational classification statement, recommended action, mechanism of interaction, contextual information/modifying factors, evidence about a suspected drug-drug interaction, frequency of exposure, and frequency of harm to exposed persons. Eight best practice recommendations suggest how PDDI knowledge artifact creators can best use the 10 information items when synthesizing drug interaction evidence into artifacts intended to aid clinicians. This model has been included in a proposed implementation guide developed by the HL7 Clinical Decision Support Workgroup and in PDDIs published in the CDS Connect repository. The complete description of the model can be found at https://w3id.org/hclscg/pddi.

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Assessment of Prevalence, Drug Utilization Pattern and Potential Drug-Drug Interactions Among Hepatic Impairment Patients

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and Research ◽

10.47583/ijpsrr.2021.v69i01.034 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 69 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Dr. Natish Belbase ◽

Dr. Dinesh Raj Neupane ◽

Dr. Jaiji Thomas ◽

Dr. Rini Ponnachan ◽

Dr. Ramesh Basnet ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Interaction ◽

Liver Disease ◽

Drug Interactions ◽

Drug Utilization ◽

Alcoholic Liver Disease ◽

Hepatic Impairment ◽

Potential Drug ◽

Utilization Pattern ◽

Pharmacodynamic Interaction ◽

Co Morbidity

The majority of drugs are metabolised in liver and are known to be hepatotoxic. So, the Drug Utilization Evaluation (DUE) studies become potential tool in hepatic impairment patient to ensure drugs are used appropriately, safely and effectively in order to improve overall health of patient. Drug-Drug Interactions are major cause of concern among hepatic impairment patients due to co-morbidity conditions and wide class of drugs they receive. The clinical result of DDI may manifest as synergism, antagonism or idiosyncratic. This study is aimed to generate data on drug utilization pattern and to assess the prevalence of potential drug-drug interactions (pDDIs) among hospitalised hepatic impairment patients. A prospective observational study was carried out for six months among inpatients of the medicine department of Chigateri District Hospital, Karnataka, India. Potential drug-drug interactions (pDDIs) were analysed using Lexicomp, Medscape drug interaction checker, Stockley’s drug interaction checker. Overall 135 patients were enrolled the study. In this study, 80.68% patients were male. The most common affected age group was 40-59 years. Alcoholic liver disease (46.66%) and chronic liver disease (27.40%) were the most prevalent hepatic condition. Anemia and portal hypertension were the most likely associated comorbidities. Out of 1097 drugs, 569 drugs were used specifically for hepatic impairment. Diuretics (23.02%) were the most frequently prescribed drugs followed by gallstone dissolution agents (18.27%). Total of 264 pDDIs, were identified, of which 76(28.78%) were minor, 180(68.18%) were moderate and 8(3.03%) were major. Potential DDIs were significantly higher in patients taking ?9 medicines (63.63%), hospitalization ?7 days (67.64%) and with one co-morbidity conditions (43.18%). Pharmacodynamic interaction 197 (74.62%) was observed more than that of pharmacokinetic interactions 67(25.37%). The prevalence of alcoholic liver disease in this study was reported th

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A Review of Drug-Drug Interactions for Biologic Drugs Used in the Treatment of Psoriasis

Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery ◽

10.1177/1203475420952423 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 120347542095242

Author(s):

Miriam Armanious ◽

Ronald Vender

Keyword(s):

Drug Interaction ◽

Drug Interactions ◽

Potential Drug ◽

Risk Of Infection ◽

Biologic Therapies ◽

Biologic Drugs ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Pubmed Search ◽

Low Levels ◽

Biologic Drug

Biologic drugs are increasingly being prescribed for the treatment of psoriasis. Very little information is available in the literature regarding potential drug interactions with these medications. This paper serves as a guide for prescribers to be aware of possible interactions between biologic drugs approved for the treatment of psoriasis in North America and concomitant therapies. Objective To provide an overview of reported drug interactions between biologic drugs and concomitant therapies. Methods Reports of potential drug interactions were compiled through a search of Micromedex, drug monographs (Canadian, American, and European), as well as a PubMed search of each biologic drug with the term “drug interaction.” Conclusion Generally, caution should be exercised when multiple immunosuppressive therapies are prescribed due to increased risk of infection. However, this is more the result of a synergistic effect as opposed to a true drug interaction. There have been cases where multiple biologic therapies have been concomitantly used without adverse events, as their mechanisms involved different pathways. The sources used to compile this guide were often comprised of low levels of evidence, reinforcing the idea that further studies are required to better direct prescribers.

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Presence of Affirmable Drug Affiliated Interactions in Medical Patients in Medical OPD of Pakistani Hospital

10.53350/pjmhs2115103072 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (10) ◽

pp. 3072-3075

Author(s):

Hammad Ahmed Butt ◽

Muhammad Zeeshan Anwar ◽

Akram Shahzad ◽

Farah Iqbal ◽

Zafra Seemab ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Interaction ◽

Statistical Analysis ◽

Adverse Effects ◽

Drug Interactions ◽

Interaction Frequency ◽

Potential Drug ◽

Medical Patients ◽

Drug Related Problems ◽

Adverse Drug Interaction ◽

Study Methodology

Drug-drug interactions (DDIs), are preventable medical related hazards having grave life menacing and unfavorable consequences Purpose: To find the clinical adverse effects and interaction frequency witnessed in prescriptions of a medical OPD Study Design: Comparative study Methodology: A sample of 546 patients who were being prescribed at least two drugs simultaneously was assessed using a drug interaction program Statistical analysis: SPSS v.20.0 was used to analyze the data to present results as proportions Results: The 546 patients (72.8% male having mean age of 58.3±14.7 years. Out of these 186 (4.7%), 2595 (65.6%) and 773 (19.5%) were severe, moderate and mild interactions respectively Conclusions: We concluded that large percentage of patients were detected having one or more potential drug-drug interactions Keywords: Adverse Drug Interaction, Drug-Related Problems, Drug-Drug Interaction and Pharmaco-epidemiology.

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