Presence of Affirmable Drug Affiliated Interactions in Medical Patients in Medical OPD of Pakistani Hospital

Drug-drug interactions (DDIs), are preventable medical related hazards having grave life menacing and unfavorable consequences Purpose: To find the clinical adverse effects and interaction frequency witnessed in prescriptions of a medical OPD Study Design: Comparative study Methodology: A sample of 546 patients who were being prescribed at least two drugs simultaneously was assessed using a drug interaction program Statistical analysis: SPSS v.20.0 was used to analyze the data to present results as proportions Results: The 546 patients (72.8% male having mean age of 58.3±14.7 years. Out of these 186 (4.7%), 2595 (65.6%) and 773 (19.5%) were severe, moderate and mild interactions respectively Conclusions: We concluded that large percentage of patients were detected having one or more potential drug-drug interactions Keywords: Adverse Drug Interaction, Drug-Related Problems, Drug-Drug Interaction and Pharmaco-epidemiology.

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Review of Impact and Handling of Potential Antihypertensive Drug Interactions in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients

Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) ◽

10.22487/j24428744.2021.v7.i1.15332 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 39-53

Author(s):

Ni Made Susilawati ◽

Eli Halimah ◽

Siti Saidah

Keyword(s):

Drug Interaction ◽

Drug Interactions ◽

Heart Function ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Morbidity And Mortality ◽

Potential Drug ◽

Analysis Program ◽

Drug Related Problems ◽

Related Effect ◽

Complete Knowledge

Drug interaction is a type of Drug-Related Problems (DRPs) that caneventually increase morbidity and mortality rates. CKD patients have asignificant risk of developing polypharmacy due to comorbid diseases andpharmacokinetics' alteration. The literature review was conducted byexploring all of the articles related to the drug interaction using druginteraction analysis program in CKD patients, which obtained from threedatabases, namely Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct, usingseveral keywords combination. Based on the comprehensive reviewsconducted, it is known that the most common effects of antihypertensivedrug interactions in CKD patients are decreasing effects of antihypertensivedrugs, hypotension, and hyperkalemia. Handling management used for theemergence of potential drug interactions is based on the severity of the druginteractions and complete knowledge of the patients' clinical condition. Themanagement of drug interaction by monitoring blood pressure, diuresis, andpotassium levels; Monitor the related effect symptoms; Monitor the fluidand body weight; Monitor the kidney and heart function. On the conditionwhere the handling management of potential drug interactions is not carriedout, elevated morbidity and mortality rates are the risks of complicationsarising from the drug interactions.

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Emerging and experimental treatments for COVID-19 and drug interactions with psychotropic agents

Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology ◽

10.1177/2045125320935306 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

pp. 204512532093530 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Delia Bishara ◽

Chris Kalafatis ◽

David Taylor

Keyword(s):

Drug Interaction ◽

Adverse Effects ◽

Drug Interactions ◽

Clinical Trial Data ◽

Potential Drug ◽

Qtc Prolongation ◽

Experimental Drugs ◽

Psychotropic Agents ◽

The Common ◽

Experimental Treatments

As yet, no agents have been approved for the treatment of COVID-19, although several experimental drugs are being used off licence. These may have serious adverse effects and potential drug interactions with psychotropic agents. We reviewed the common agents being used across the world for the treatment of COVID-19 and investigated their drug interaction potential with psychotropic agents using several drug interaction databases and resources. A preliminary search identified the following drugs as being used to treat COVID-19 symptoms: atazanavir (ATV), azithromycin (AZI), chloroquine (CLQ)/hydroxychloroquine (HCLQ), dipyridamole, famotidine (FAM), favipiravir, lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r), nitazoxanide, remdesivir, ribavirin and tocilizumab. Many serious adverse effects and potential drug interactions with psychotropic agents were identified. The most problematic agents were found to be ATV, AZI, CLQ, HCLQ, FAM and LPV/r in terms of both pharmacokinetic as well as serious pharmacodynamic drug interactions, including QTc prolongation and neutropenia. Significant caution should be exercised if using any of the medications being trialled for the treatment of COVID-19 until robust clinical trial data are available. An even higher threshold of vigilance should be maintained for patients with pre-existing conditions and older adults due to added toxicity and drug interactions, especially with psychotropic agents.

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Occurrence of possible drug related interactions in medical patients in out-patient departments of Pakistan

International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology ◽

10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20204086 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (10) ◽

pp. 1503

Author(s):

Hammad A. Butt ◽

Ammara Khan ◽

Naveed Suleman

Keyword(s):

Drug Interaction ◽

Drug Interactions ◽

SIGNIFICANT DRUG INTERACTIONS AMONG INTENSIVE CARE UNIT PATIENTS

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10s2.19482 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (14) ◽

pp. 35 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M Yulis Hamidy ◽

Dina Fauzia

Keyword(s):

Intensive Care Unit ◽

Intensive Care ◽

Drug Interaction ◽

Drug Interactions ◽

General Hospital ◽

Health Professionals ◽

Medical Records ◽

Potential Drug ◽

Drug Related Problems ◽

Icu Patients

Objective:Drug interaction is one factor that contributes to drug-related problems. The hospitalized patients in intensive care units (ICU) have a higher risk for developing drug interactions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potency of significantdrug interactions in ICU patients.Methods:Drug-drug interactions from patient's medical records from ICU of Arifin Achmad General Hospital in Pekanbaru, Province of Riau, Indonesia at period July to December 2015 wereassessed. Drug Interaction Checker (Medscape) software was used to identify potential drug interactions.Results: This study included 28 ICU patients (mean age, 48 years) who had potency to drug interactions based on the software. Of these, 29% were male and 71% were female patients. The number of drugs that were given to patients was 3 to 13 drugs (average 7 drugs per patient). There were 122 potential drug-drug interactions found in this study, consisting of 43% potency of minor or non-significant, 52% potency of significant, 3% potency of serious, and 2% potency of contraindicated drug interactions. A total of 67% were pharmacodynamics and 33% were pharmacokinetics interactions. Dexamethasone, ketoprofen, ketorolac, furosemide, nifedipine, and enoxaparin were among drugs with highest frequency of potential drug interactions. Conclusion:Significant drug-drug interactions were prevalent in the ICU patients. This may be due to the complexity of the pharmacotherapies administered. The health professionals who provide care to these patients must be aware in order to identify and prevent possible drug events.

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Statin drug-drug interactions in a Romanian community pharmacy

Medicine and Pharmacy Reports ◽

10.15386/cjmed-569 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 89 (2) ◽

pp. 273-278 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Raluca Badiu ◽

Camelia Bucsa ◽

Cristina Mogosan ◽

Dan Dumitrascu

Keyword(s):

Drug Interaction ◽

Adverse Effects ◽

Drug Interactions ◽

Community Pharmacy ◽

Safety Profile ◽

Potential Drug ◽

Online Program ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Statin Drug

Background and aim. Statins are frequently prescribed for patients with dyslipidemia and have a well-established safety profile. However, when associated with interacting dugs, the risk of adverse effects, especially muscular toxicity, is increased.The objective of this study was to identify, characterize and quantify the prevalence of the potential drug-drug interactions (pDDIs) of statins in reimbursed prescriptions from a community pharmacy in Bucharest.Methods. We analyzed the reimbursed prescriptions including statins collected during one month in a community pharmacy. The online program Medscape Drug Interaction Checker was used for checking the drug interactions and their classification based on severity: Serious – Use alternative, Significant – Monitor closely and Minor.Results. 132 prescriptions pertaining to 125 patients were included in the analysis. Our study showed that 25% of the patients who were prescribed statins were exposed to pDDIs: 37 Serious and Significant interactions in 31 of the statins prescriptions. The statins involved were atorvastatin, simvastatin and rosuvastatin.Conclusions. Statin pDDIs have a high prevalence and patients should be monitored closely in order to prevent the development of adverse effects that result from statin interactions.

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Comparison between two databases regarding the classification of Drug Interactions and their mechanism of action

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa040.016 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (Supplement_2) ◽

Author(s):

D Fernandes ◽

A Jesus

Keyword(s):

Adverse Effects ◽

Observational Study ◽

Drug Interactions ◽

Mechanism Of Action ◽

Potential Interaction ◽

Potential Drug ◽

Drug Related Problems ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Sample Group

Abstract Introduction Many drug-related problems are caused by drug interactions (DIs) that result from the pharmacological influence of one drug on another when taken together. DIs may have beneficial and predictable effects, but may also cause undesirable results, such as treatment ineffectiveness or serious adverse effects. There are a number of available databases with information about DIs. Although the information they provide is not always consensual, it is a useful tool in analysing the occurrence of potential drug interactions (PDIs) and in preventing unwanted or even fatal consequences for patients. Objectives To compare the convergence of two databases (Micromedex/Drugs.com) regarding the classification of DIs and their mechanism of action. Methodology A cross-sectional, descriptive and exploratory observational study was carried out using prescriptions from users with diabetes, dyslipidaemia or both pathologies from pharmacies in two districts, Porto and Braga. Information from each sample group was further analysed using two databases, Micromedex/Drugs.com. Results Of the 57 pairs whose interaction potential was analysed, 64.3% converged on the classifications in both databases. Micromedex assigns moderate potential interaction to 36 drug pairs, and of these, 28 get the same rating on Drugs.com. Regarding the major PDIs, the degree of agreement was 40%. There are 4 drug pairs with potential for major interaction at Micromedex to which Drugs.com assigns moderate PDI. Minor PDIs were found on Drugs.com in 4 drug pairs, which Micromedex rated as major or moderate. For the remaining twelve divergent rating pairs, Drugs.com does not assign them potential for interaction while Micromedex gives them potential for major or moderate PDIs. Regarding the consequences of the occurrence of PDIs, there is agreement between Micromedex and Drugs.com, except for pair AAS/Loop Diuretics. Conclusion Micromedex identifies a higher number of PDIs and assigns higher severity to a higher number.

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Herbal Drug Interactions

Complementary and Alternative Medicine and Kidney Health - Advances in Medical Diagnosis, Treatment, and Care ◽

10.4018/978-1-5225-2882-1.ch008 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 201-231 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mymoona Akhter

Keyword(s):

Drug Interaction ◽

Side Effects ◽

Adverse Effects ◽

Drug Interactions ◽

Herbal Medicines ◽

Herbal Drugs ◽

Herbal Drug ◽

Herbal Therapy ◽

Alternative Medicines ◽

Regulatory Bodies

Use of complementary and alternative medicines (CAM) for preventive and therapeutic purposes has increased tremendously in the last two decades internationally. The manufacturers of these products are not required to submit proof of safety or efficacy to the Food and Drug Administration. As a result, the adverse effects and drug interactions associated with them are largely unknown. In this chapter, the author presents interactions of herbal medicines with other medicines (herbal or non-herbal). A large number of herbal drugs, including from single drug to a variety of mixtures have been used to treat kidney disorders. Herb-herb or herb drug interaction has been reported intensively during last decade, therefore it becomes important to keep an eye on the use of combination herbal therapy in order to avoid serious results because of interactions with each other. Due to the growing awareness about the interactions and side effects of herbal drugs/supplements over the past few years, regulatory bodies are working on these issues and pharmacopoeias are being developed for reference.

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Update on New Antifungal Therapy

AACN Advanced Critical Care ◽

10.4037/15597768-2007-3004 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 253-260 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Paul Juang

Keyword(s):

Clinical Practice ◽

Adverse Effects ◽

Drug Interactions ◽

Clinical Efficacy ◽

Antifungal Agents ◽

Potent Inhibitor ◽

Fungal Infections ◽

Potential Drug ◽

Glucan Synthase ◽

Ergosterol Synthesis

Increases in rates as well as morbidity and mortality associated with fungal infections have necessitated the need for additional antifungal agents. Recent research has resulted in the introduction of 3 new antifungal agents: micafungin, anidulafungin, and posaconazole. Micafungin and anidulafungin, both potent inhibitor of 1,3-β-D-glucan synthase, are the second and third available agents in the echinocandins class that are available in clinical practice. Posaconazale, a potent inhibitor of ergosterol synthesis, is a new agent in the triazole class that has shown promising clinical efficacy in the treatment and prophylaxis of invasive fungal infections due to Candida as well as molds. This article reviews the clinical efficacy as well as the approved uses and dosages associated with the use of these new antifungal agents. Other considerations, such as precautions, administration techniques, potential drug interactions, and common adverse effects associated with the use of these agents, are also reviewed.

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Potential Drug Interactions— Fact or Fallacy?

Drug Intelligence & Clinical Pharmacy ◽

10.1177/106002807500901101 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 9 (11) ◽

pp. 586-590 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Curtis D. Black ◽

Nicholas G. Popovich

Keyword(s):

Drug Interaction ◽

Drug Interactions ◽

Patient Care ◽

Clinical Studies ◽

Literature Search ◽

Potential Drug ◽

Careful Evaluation ◽

Current Drug ◽

Drug Drug Interaction

At present, the pharmacist is faced with a perplexing number of potential drug interactions as they relate to patient care. The purpose of the investigation was to evaluate current drug-drug interaction literature, specifically gastrointestinal drug interactions. Literature search and review evaluated the authoritative basis on which conclusions were made. From this, a review was written to illustrate fallacies and misconceptions that could be derived from the literature with the intent it would serve as a guide in interpreting and evaluating drug-drug interactions. The overall study illustrates the vast need for careful evaluation of drug interaction literature before erroneous recommendations are made on conceivably inconclusive clinical studies.

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