Location of Hemangioma is an Individual Risk Factor for Massive Bleeding in Laparoscopic Hepatectomy

Objective Papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) accounts for most of the increase in thyroid cancer in recent decades. We compared clinical outcomes and surgical complications of lobectomy and total thyroidectomy (TT) in PTMC patients. Design and methods In this retrospective individual risk factor-matched cohort study, 2031 patients with PTMC were initially included. Patients who underwent lobectomy or TT were one-to-one matched according to individual risk factors, including age, sex, primary tumor size, extrathyroidal extension, multifocality and cervical lymph node (LN) metastasis. Results In total, 688 patients were assigned to each group. During the median 8.5 years of follow-up, 26 patients (3.8%) in the lobectomy group and 11 patients (1.6%) in the TT group had recurrences. The relative risk of recurrence was significantly less in the TT than that in the lobectomy group (hazard ratio (HR) 0.41; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.21–0.81; P = 0.01). Most recurrences (84.6%) in the lobectomy group occurred in the contralateral lobe, and all patients were disease-free after completion of thyroidectomy. There were no significant differences in recurrence-free survival between the two groups after exclusion of contralateral lobe recurrences (HR, 2.75; 95% CI, 0.08–8.79; P = 0.08). There were significantly more patients with transient and permanent hypoparathyroidism in the TT than that in the lobectomy group (P < 0.001). Conclusions Lobectomy could be appropriate for most patients with PTMC when there is no evidence of extrathyroidal disease in the preoperative work-up. Preoperative and postoperative imaging studies are important for patients who undergo lobectomy for PTMC, because most recurrences are in the contralateral lobe.

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Individual risk factor variation with time predicts clinical coronary heart disease

Atherosclerosis Supplements ◽

10.1016/s1567-5688(02)80230-6 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 115

Keyword(s):

Coronary Heart Disease ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Individual Risk ◽

Individual Risk Factor

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The Effect of Ethnicity on Preterm Birth and its Influence on the Risk Factors for Prematurity

Current Opinion in Gynecology and Obstetrics ◽

10.18314/cogo.v2i1.1456 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 180-192

Author(s):

P Bachkangi ◽

AH Taylor ◽

JC Konje

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Preterm Birth ◽

High Risk ◽

Risk Groups ◽

Individual Risk ◽

Individual Risk Factor ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Gestational Age At Delivery ◽

Very High

Preterm birth (PTB) affects 9.6% of pregnancies worldwide and is associated with a very high perinatal mortality that depends on the gestational age at delivery. As a result, PTB has a significant health and financial impact on health systems, families and societies. Its aetiology is not fully understood, but in most cases it is multifactorial, with several maternal, paternal, and epidemiological factors associated with increased risk. Other factors include parental ethnicity, maternal age and body mass index, socioeconomic status, and where the families live. This review examines the influence of ethnicity as an individual risk factor for PTB. It also explores its influence on the epidemiology of PTB and demonstrates that data on certain ethnicities are lacking, despite the fact that these ethnic clusters are within the very ‘high-risk groups’ that are adequately represented in some Western societies. This review examines the influence of ethnicity as an individual risk factor for PTB and also explores its influence on the different epidemiological aspects. A thorough revisit of the ethnic epidemiology unveiled other unnoticed risk factors that if addressed appropriately prematurity can be prevented. Moreover, certain ethnicities were not within the attention of researchers, despite the facts that they are very ‘high-risk groups’ and are also adequately represented in some Western societies.

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Contribution of Individual Risk Factor Changes to Reductions in Population Absolute Cardiovascular Risk

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2014/626205 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Thomas Cochrane ◽

Rachel Davey ◽

Christopher Gidlow ◽

Zafar Iqbal ◽

Jagdish Kumar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Risk Factor ◽

High Blood Pressure ◽

Individual Risk ◽

High Cholesterol ◽

Cvd Risk ◽

Individual Risk Factor ◽

One Year ◽

Individual Risk Factors

Background. Few studies have investigated individual risk factor contributions to absolute cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Even fewer have examined changes in individual risk factors as components of overall modifiable risk change following a CVD prevention intervention.Design. Longitudinal study of population CVD risk factor changes following a health screening and enhanced support programme.Methods. The contribution of individual risk factors to the estimated absolute CVD risk in a population of high risk patients identified from general practice records was evaluated. Further, the proportion of the modifiable risk attributable to each factor that was removed following one year of enhanced support was estimated.Results. Mean age of patients (533 males, 68 females) was 63.7 (6.4) years. High cholesterol (57%) was most prevalent, followed by smoking (53%) and high blood pressure (26%). Smoking (57%) made the greatest contribution to the modifiable population CVD risk, followed by raised blood pressure (26%) and raised cholesterol (17%). After one year of enhanced support, the modifiable population risk attributed to smoking (56%), high blood pressure (68%), and high cholesterol (53%) was removed.Conclusion. Approximately 59% of the modifiable risk attributable to the combination of high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and current smoking was removed after intervention.

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