scholarly journals Histopathological patterns and topographical distribution of Kaposi Sarcoma at Muhimbili National Hospital, Tanzania

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1733-8
Author(s):  
Reginald Gervas ◽  
Edward Mgaya
Keyword(s):  
Kaposi's Sarcoma ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Kaposi Sarcoma ◽  
Kaposi’S Sarcoma ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Muhimbili National Hospital ◽  
National Hospital ◽  
Human Herpes Virus 8 ◽  
Topographical Distribution

Background: Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is derived from endothelial cell lineage; it is caused by Human Herpes Virus-8 (HHV-8) facilitated by immune suppression. KS remains one of the commonest sarcoma seen in Tanzania. The paucity of recent data makes monitoring the disease a challenge. This study describes the Histopathological Patterns and Topographical distribution of Kaposi Sarcoma at Muhimbili National Hospital, a tertiary care hospital in Tanzania. Methods: A hospital-based retrospective cross-sectional study was done to review biopsies sent to the Central Pathology Laboratory (CPL), Muhimbili National Hospital from 2010 to 2014. Results: A total of 818 cases representing 1.8 % of all malignancies during the study period were enrolled in the study. The age of patients at diagnosis ranged from 6 months to 94 years old, with the median age being 37 years. Male to female ratiowas 1.4:1.0. Females were younger than males (p < 0.001). The majority of the lesions were in the lower limbs, 352 (64.1%). Nodular KS accounted for 74.5% of all cases. Conclusion: Kaposi’s sarcoma remains a common malignancy. The patients present late at diagnosis. Early diagnosis and improved treatment protocols remain to be key steps towards reducing the burden of KS. Keywords: Kaposi's Sarcoma; Histopathological Patterns; Topographical distribution.

scholarly journals Kaposi’s sarcoma: a 10-year experience with 248 patients at a single tertiary care hospital in Tanzania

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillipo L. Chalya ◽  
Fidelis Mbunda ◽  
Peter F. Rambau ◽  
Hyasinta Jaka ◽  
Nestory Masalu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kaposi's Sarcoma ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Kaposi’S Sarcoma ◽  
Care Hospital

MOLECULAR DETECTION OF KAPOSI’S SARCOMA ASSOCIATED VIRUS (HUMAN HERPES VIRUS 8) IN SINO-NASAL CARCINOMA TISSUES

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (04) ◽  
pp. 286-297
Author(s):  
Hind Hamed Shaker ◽  
Luma Amer Yasir ◽  
Ausama Abed-Alkadum Alajeely ◽  
Saad Hasan Mohammed Ali ◽  
Shakir H. Mohammed Al-Alwany
Keyword(s):  
Kaposi's Sarcoma ◽  
Herpes Virus ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Kaposi’S Sarcoma ◽  
Human Herpes ◽  
Human Herpes Virus 8 ◽  
Human Herpes Virus ◽  
Herpès Virus ◽  
Nasal Carcinoma

scholarly journals 687. Iatrogenic Kaposi’s Sarcoma Following Treatment with Vedolizumab

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S397-S397
Author(s):  
Susanne O Ajao ◽  
Hamid Shaaban ◽  
Rajasingam Jayasingam
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Kaposi's Sarcoma ◽  
Symptomatic Relief ◽  
Kaposi’S Sarcoma ◽  
Immunosuppressive Drugs ◽  
Lymph Node Biopsy ◽  
Human Herpes Virus 8 ◽  
Spindle Cells ◽  
Spindle Cell Proliferation

Abstract Background Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) is a vascular tumor caused by human herpes virus-8 infection (HHV-8) commonly involving the skin. We report a case of a patient with controlled HIV who developed Kaposi’s sarcoma on vedolizumab. Darkened hyperkeratotic plaque on his left medial foot Methods A 39-year-old homosexual male with a history of Ulcerative Colitis (UC), Hodgkin’s lymphoma in remission and HIV presented with complaints of abdominal pain and bloody diarrhea. He had new tender lesions on his left foot which was absent at his previous admission a month ago. The lesions started as macules and later progressed to tender lesions. Mesalamine and oral corticosteroids were previously prescribed without symptomatic relief and he was started on vedolizumab 2 months ago. On physical exam he had abdominal tenderness, tender cervical and inguinal lymph nodes, and dark macules on his feet. Digital rectal exam revealed bloody mucoid stool. Laboratory showed white blood cell count of 12,600/mm3, ESR of 132 mm/hr and CRP of 4.6 mg/dL. His CD4 T-cell count was 873 cells/mm3 and viral load was 50 copies per milliliter. Cervical lymph node biopsy showed polymorphous population of lymphocytes but was negative for malignant cells. Biopsy of the foot plaques showed atypical intradermal vascular and spindle cell proliferation positive for HHV-8 and for vascular marker CD34. The results were consistent with the diagnosis of KS. Serology was also positive for HHV-8 with high viral titers of 74 copies/mL. Colonoscopy showed severe proctitis with deep ulcerations in a continuous pattern in the rectum with a normal sigmoid colon. Follow up colonoscopy showed improved proctitis and he was started on doxorubicin to treat KS with improvement of the foot lesion a month later following treatment. Dark macules on the sole of both feet Figure 3a: Spindle cells with irregular small vessel proliferation and red blood cell extravasation between tumor cells Figure 3b: Immunohistochemical stain showing HHV-8 expression of spindle cells Improvement of the foot lesion Results Vedolizumab is a monoclonal antibody that prevents the recruitment of lymphocytes to the inflamed tissue. It is approved for the treatment of IBD and has shown efficacy and safety. The iatrogenic form of Kaposi’s sarcoma occurs in patients on immunosuppressive therapy, as this patient. Conclusion Patients with IBD on immunosuppressive drugs should be followed up closely and screened for latent viral infections prior to initiating therapy. As in the patient, HHV-8 should be recognized as a likely underlying opportunistic infection in immunocompromised patients with IBD. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

Human herpes virus 8 (Kaposi’s sarcoma herpesvirus)

Oral Oncology ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.R Porter ◽  
L Di Alberti ◽  
N Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Kaposi's Sarcoma ◽  
Herpes Virus ◽  
Kaposi’S Sarcoma ◽  
Human Herpes ◽  
Human Herpes Virus 8 ◽  
Human Herpes Virus ◽  
Herpès Virus

scholarly journals Immunohistochemical detection of the latent nuclear antigen-1 of the human herpesvirus type 8 to differentiate cutaneous epidemic Kaposi sarcoma and its histological simulators

2013 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Fonseca Pereira ◽  
Tullia Cuzzi ◽  
Maria Clara Gutierrez Galhardo
Keyword(s):  
Kaposi's Sarcoma ◽  
Human Herpesvirus ◽  
Kaposi Sarcoma ◽  
Kaposi’S Sarcoma ◽  
Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Immunohistochemical Detection ◽  
Herpesvirus Type ◽  
Human Herpesvirus Type ◽  
Skin Biopsies ◽  
Latent Nuclear Antigen

Kaposi's sarcoma is the most common neoplasia diagnosed in AIDS patients and the expression of the human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) latent nuclear antigen-1 has been useful for its histological diagnosis. The aim of this study is to confirm that immunohistochemistry is a valuable tool for differentiating KS from its simulators in skin biopsies of HIV patients. Immunohistochemical and histological analyses were performed in 49 Kaposi's sarcoma skin biopsies and 60 of its histological simulators. Positivity was present in the 49 Kaposi's sarcoma skin biopsies and no staining was observed in the 60 simulators analyzed, resulting in sensibility and specificity of 100%. HHV-8 immunohistochemical detection is an effective tool for diagnosing Kaposi's sarcoma, especially in early lesions in which neoplastic features are not evident. It also contributes to its histological differential diagnosis.

scholarly journals Prevalence and characteristics of venous thromboembolism in severe exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in a tertiary care hospital in India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soibam Pahel Meitei ◽  
Sudheer Tale ◽  
Arjun Kumar Negi ◽  
Ruchi Dua ◽  
Rohit Walia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Test Probability ◽  
D Dimer

Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) carries a high risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Pulmonary embolism (PE) and AECOPD increase the mortality and morbidity risk associated with each other. Racial and ethnic differences in VTE risk have been documented in multiple studies. However, there is a dearth of reliable Indian data on the same. This study was planned to find the prevalence of VTE in the setting of severe AECOPD in a tertiary care hospital in India and to identify the clinical, laboratory and radiological characteristics of VTE in severe AECOPD. A total of 156 consecutive patients admitted with severe AECOPD and meeting the specified inclusion and exclusion criteria were recruited. Thorough workup of all patients was done including ABG, serum D dimer, ECG, compression ultrasound of lower limbs and 2-D echocardiography. Patients with high pre-test probability score, or intermediate pre-test probability score at presentation with serum D dimer above the age adjusted cut-off underwent computerised tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA).  Results were analysed using SPSS version 23.  Sixteen (10.3%) patients had VTE, 15 (93.75%) of them being cases of isolated PE. Female gender, higher cumulative past exposure to corticosteroid, higher alveolar-arterial gradient, right ventricular dysfunction, and higher mean pulmonary artery pressure were associated with increased risk for VTE. The prevalence of VTE in AECOPD in this study among an Indian population is higher than among other Asians, but lower than among the Blacks, the Caucasians and the Middle-East ethnicities. Since a vast majority of VTE presents as PE without DVT in the setting of AECOPD, the absence of deep vein thrombosis of lower limbs does not rule PE in the setting.

Kaposi Sarcoma of the Lower Extremity with HIV and Kaposi's Sarcoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-03
Author(s):  
Selma Bakar Dertlioğlu
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Kaposi's Sarcoma ◽  
Kaposi Sarcoma ◽  
Kaposi’S Sarcoma ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Clinical Variants ◽  
Common Malignancy

Kaposi's sarcoma is the most common malignancy seen with HIV infection. It is a lymphoangioproliferous tumor first described by Moritz Kaposi in 1872. It is characterized by bluish red or dark brown plaques and nodules, especially in the distal of the lower extremities, often the heels and feet. Organ involvement without skin findings is observed in approximately 15% of the cases. There are four clinical variants, the classical, endemic, iatrogenic and the epidemic associated with AIDS. Kaposi's sarcoma in AIDS cases apart from the skin, it can also be seen in the oral cavity, gastro-intestinal system and respiratory system. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) should be started immediately in newly diagnosed HIV infected patients. In this research, a 65 year old male patient, who was diagnosed AIDS and Kaposi's sarcoma at the same time, is described.

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