scholarly journals Evaluation of heavy metal and microbial content of a multicomponent herbal preparation

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-46
Author(s):  
Hidayah Ayodeji Olumoh-Abdul ◽  
Rashidat Oluwafunke Ayanniyi ◽  
Fatimoh Idowu Ojuade ◽  
Haishat Yetunde Olufadi-Ahmed ◽  
Zainab Oluwatosin Onibon
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer ◽  
Microbial Load ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Herbal Preparation ◽  
Permissible Limits ◽  
Medicinal Use ◽  
Herbal Mixtures ◽  
Total Yeast

Herbal mixtures are extensively consumed globally for medicinal use due to the belief that they are safe and readily accessible. The herbal preparation (SHM), evaluated in this study, is made up of 7 plants found in Nigeria and it is used internally and externally for varieties of disease conditions. The heavy metals and microbial content of SHM was evaluated. Three batches of the SMH were analyzed for presence of heavy metals using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The microbial load was also evaluated by determining the total viable yeast, mould and coliform bacteria count. The metal and microbial content of the samples were compared with WHO permissible limits and differences in concentration among the batches were determined. Fe (0.010-0.100 mg/L) and Zn (0.010-0.030 mg/L) detected were significantly (P<0.05) lower than the permissible limits while Cu, Pb and Cd were absent. A batch had total yeast and mould count (4.95 x 103Cfu/mL) above the permissible limit whereas the other batches were below the limit. Microorganisms (yeasts, mould like Aspergillus flavus and Rhizoctonia solani) were present in all the batches and hence SHM may not be safe for internal use. Keywords: Herbal mixtures, Heavy metals, Microbial load, Atomic absorption spectrophotometer

scholarly journals Heavy Metals (Cd, Pb, and Zn) Residue in Selected Tissue and Organs of Slaughtered Goat-Meat randomly selected from Markets in Ayegbaju-Ekiti, Akure, and Owena

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1896-1903
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
General Trend ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer ◽  
Goat Meat ◽  
Health Implications ◽  
Permissible Limits ◽  
Zn Content ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration

This study investigated Cadmium (Cd), Lead (Pb), and Zinc (Zn) content of some selected organs (liver, kidney, heart, and intestine) and tissue (blood) of slaughtered goats randomly sampled from central markets in Ayegbaju-Ekiti, Akure and Owena, South-western Nigeria. Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) was used to determine the level of heavy metals based on comparison with standards. The mean concentrations obtained Zn were detected in all samples investigated, but Cd was undetected in some samples, especially the liver and blood of goat from Owena. The general trend in the mean concentration of metals was Zn>Pb>Cd, in tissue and organs was kidney > liver > intestine > heart > blood, and in-market, with respect to metals, was Akure > Ayegbaju-Ekiti=Owena for Cd, Ayegbaju-Ekiti > Akure > Owena for Pb and Owena > Akure > Ayegbaju-Ekiti for Zn. All the metals in some samples of goat, especially Cd in the kidney (2.50±2.18) from Akure, Pb in the kidney (19.00±9.17 mg/kg) from Ayegbaju-Ekiti and intestine (15.00±17.35 mg/kg) from Akure as well as Zn in the heart (71.50±95.90 mg/kg) from Ayegbaju-Ekiti, had a mean concentration in excess of the permissible limits set by FAO/WHO. Some of the tissue and organs of goats sampled from the studied area were therefore polluted with all the metals investigated, and their consumption may have health implications.

scholarly journals Studi Penurunan Kadar Logam Besi (Fe) dan Logam Tembaga (Cu) pada Air Embung Menggunakan Adsorben Nanosilika

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 131
Author(s):  
Emas Agus Prastyo Wibowo ◽  
Ika Sri Hardyanti ◽  
Isni Nurani ◽  
Dyan Septyaningsih Hardjono HP ◽  
Aden Dhana Rizkita
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Metal Content ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer ◽  
Absorption Method ◽  
Wastewater Purification ◽  
Stirring Time ◽  
Independent Variable

STUDI PENURUNAN KADAR LOGAM BESI (Fe) DAN LOGAM TEMBAGA (Cu) PADA AIR EMBUNG MENGGUNAKAN ADSORBEN NANOSILIKAABSTRAKPolusi limbah logam berat dalam air merupakan satu permasalahan lingkungan yang penting. Dalam mengatasi permasalahan tersebut dapat dilakukan purifikasi terhadap air tersebut. Metode yang dapat digunakan untuk purifikasi limbah sangat beragam salah satunya adalah absorpsi. Secara umum metode absorpsi telah banyak digunakan dalam purifikasi air limbah. Metode absorpsi dapat menurunkan kadar logam yang terlarut pada limbah. cair dengan cara menyerap logam-logam tersebut ke dalam permukaan absorbennya. Tujuan dilakukan penelitian ini adalah  untuk menurunkan konsentrasi logam besi (Fe) dan tembaga (Cu) menggunakan adsorben nanosilika. Penelitian ini menggunakan variabel bebas yaitu waktu pengadukan (20 menit, 40 menit, dan 60 menit). Hasil akhir filtrat air embung kemudian diukur absorbansinya menggunakan Spektrofotometer Serapan Atom. Berdasarkan hasil analisa menggunakan instrumen SSA diperoleh hasil bahwa tidak terjadi penurunan logam Fe maupun Cu. Dalam hal ini terjadi peningkatan konsentrasi dalam logam Fe maupun Cu, hal ini dikarenakan kurangnya waktu pengadukan dan pengaruh dari adsorben nanosilika.Kata Kunci: limbah, logam berat, nanosilika STUDY OF DECREASING METALS IRON (Fe) AND COPPER (Cu) ON EMBUNG WATER USE OF NANOSILICA ADSORBEN ABSTRACTHeavy waste pollution of heavy metals in the water is an important environment issue. To solve the problem, its can be purified the water. The methods that can be used for waste purification are very diverse, one of which is absorption. In general, the method of absorption has been widely used in wastewater purification. The absorption method can decrease dissolved metal content in the waste. liquid by absorbing the metals into the absorbent surface. Research has been conducted to reduce the concentration of iron (Fe) and copper (Cu) by using nanosilica adsorbent. This research used to independent variable that is stirring time (20 minutes, 40 minutes, and 60 minutes). The final result of filtrate embung water then measured its absorbance using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Based on the result of the analysis using SSA instrument, it is found that there is no decrease of Fe and Cu metals. There are several reasons for those problem such as due to lack of stirring time and the influence of nanosilica adsorbent.Keywords: Waste pollution, heavy metal, nanosilica

scholarly journals Cuantificación de metales pesados en Anadara tuberculosa(Mollusca:bivalvia) del estero Huaylá de Puerto Bolívar, por espectrofotometría de absorción atómica. // Quantification of heavy metals in Anadara tuberculosa, (Mollusca: bivalvia) from the Huaylá estuary of Puerto Bolívar, by atomic absorption spectrophotometry.

Ciencia Unemi ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (24) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Nancy Yadira Collaguazo ◽  
Humberto Ayala Armijos ◽  
Geanina Machuca Loja
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Bivalve Molluscs ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Commercial Importance ◽  
Permissible Limits ◽  
Limit Value

La presencia de metales pesados en moluscos bivalvos implica un grave problema para la salud de los consumidores de este tipo de alimento. Por ello, el objetivo de la investigación fue determinar la presencia de metales pesados enAnadara tuberculosa, moluscode importancia comercial en Puerto Bolívar, Ecuador. El método utilizado para cuantificar la concentración de metales pesados fue la  espectrofotometría de absorción atómica, se  determinó  la concentración de seis metales: Plomo (Pb), Arsénico (As), Mercurio (Hg), Cadmio (Cd), Cromo (Cr) y Cobalto (Co). Los valores promedios obtenidos, expresados en mg.kg-1 fueron: Pb (7,52 ± 0,46); As (1,55 ± 0,14); Hg (364,38 ± 91, 39); Cd (1,68 ± 0,28); Cr (3,89 ± 1,82) y Co (2,71 ± 0,34 en Anadara tuberculosa. Los resultados muestran que  el  Pb, As, Cd, y Hg superan  los límites máximos permisibles,  el Mercurio supera en más de 100 veces el valor límite. La talla más pequeña (3-4 cm) del molusco en estudio posee la capacidad de bioacumular mayor concentración de Pb, Cd y  Cr.ABSTRACTThe presence of heavy metals in bivalve molluscs implies a serious problem for the consumers health of this type of food. Therefore, the objective of the present investigation was to determine the presence of heavy metals in Anadara tuberculosa, mollusc of commercial importance at Puerto Bolívar, Ecuador. Atomic absorption spectrophotometry was the method used to quantify the concentration of heavy metals. The concentration of six metals was determined: lead (Pb), arsenic (As), mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr) and cobalt (Co). The average values obtained, expressed in mg.kg-1 were: Pb (7.52 ± 0.46); As (1.55 ± 0.14); Hg (364.38 ± 91.39); Cd (1.68 ± 0.28); Cr (3,89 ± 1,82) and Co (2,71 ± 0,34 in A. tuberculosa The results show that Pb, As, Cd, and Hg exceed the maximum permissible limits, mercury exceeds by more than 100 times the limit value. The smaller size (3-4 cm) studied mollusc, has the capacity to bioaccumulate higher concentration of Pb, Cd and Cr.   

scholarly journals Kandungan Logam Berat Timbal (Pb) Dan Kadmium (Cd) Pada Air, Sedimen Dan Organ Mangrove Di Perairan Tulehu

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
NUR ALIM NATSIR ◽  
YUSRIANTI HANIKE ◽  
MUHAMMAD RIJAL ◽  
SUHAEDIR BACHTIAR
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Aquatic Environment ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Stems And Leaves ◽  
And Control

Differences in the accumulation of heavy metals lead and cadmium in water, sediments and mangrove organs (roots, stems and leaves) found in the waters of Tulehu, Maluku Province. Samples were taken from three observation stations, namely stopping ships that are not operating (station 1), Tulehu harbor (station 2) and Control (station 3). Pb and Cd were analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Pb and Cd content in sediments is higher than in water. The highest Pb and Cd content is found in the stems then in the roots and leaves (stems> roots> leaves). Mangroves are one of the aquatic organisms that have the ability to absorb heavy metals in the aquatic environment. Key words: Mangrove, Pb, Cd, Heavy Metal

scholarly journals Heavy-Metals as Environmental Health Indicator of the Lagos Lagoon Complex, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Environmental Health ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer ◽  
Health Indicator ◽  
Fish Tissues ◽  
Pollution Status ◽  
Water Fish ◽  
Lagos Lagoon

The study was conducted on heavy metals contents of water, fish tissues and sediment from Lagos lagoon complex, Nigeria. The aim was to assess the current environmental health/pollution status of the lagoon from three sample stations: Ologe lagoon [1], Badagry creek [2] and Lagos island [3]; each having three (3) hotspots. In all, twelve (11) heavy metals were determined between June and November, 2018. Heavy metals: Zn, Fe, Pb, Cu, Na, Potassium, Ca, Mn, Cd, Hg and Nickel were determined using Atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). Results of mean Heavy metals in fish tissues were: Zn (0.741±0.38), Fe (5.59±8.32), Pb (0.12±0.17mg/l), Cu (0.16±0.25), Na (9.38±0.25), Ca (116.68±41.53), Mn (0.76±0.96), Pb (0.01±0.0), Cd (0.02±0.0), Potassium (12.09±2.34), Ni (0.02±0.02) and Hg (0.01±0.0). Statistical analysis showed variations in the distribution of Heavy metals which are mostly within recommended limits of WHO, FME, & LASEPA. Except for iron (Fe), which was found in excess in fish tissues, and other metals (lead), found in higher conc. in sediments than in water and fish tissues combined. This is indicative of heavy metals bio-accumulation in the study area.

scholarly journals Quantification of Heavy Metals and Pesticide Residues in Widely Consumed Nigerian Food Crops Using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) and Gas Chromatography (GC)

Toxins ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 870
Author(s):  
Kingsley O. Omeje ◽  
Benjamin O. Ezema ◽  
Finbarr Okonkwo ◽  
Nnenna C. Onyishi ◽  
Juliet Ozioko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Absorption Spectroscopy ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy ◽  
Pesticide Residues ◽  
Food Crops ◽  
Gradual Decline ◽  
Fluted Pumpkin ◽  
Permissible Limits

More still needs to be learned regards the relative contamination of heavy metals and pesticide residues, particularly those found in widely consumed Nigerian food crops like cereals, vegetables, and tubers. In this current study, the heavy metals and pesticide residues detectable in widely consumed Nigerian food crops were respectively quantified using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) and gas chromatography (GC). Specifically, the widely consumed Nigerian food crops included cereals (rice, millet, and maize), legume (soybean), tubers (yam and cassava), as well as leaf (fluted pumpkin, Amaranthus leaf, waterleaf, and scent leaf) and fruit vegetables (okro, cucumber, carrot, and watermelon). Results showed that the detected heavy metals included arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), iron (Fe), lead (Pb), manganese (Mn), mercury (Hg), and nickel (Ni), whereas the pesticide residues included Aldrin, Carbofuran, g-chlordane, Chlorpyrifos, DichloroBiphenyl, Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (DDD), Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), Dichlorvos, Endosulfan, Heptachlor, Hexachlorobenzene (HCB), Isopropylamine, Lindane, t-nonachlor, and Profenofos. Across the studied food crops, the concentrations of heavy metals and pesticides were varied, with different trends as they largely fell below the established maximum permissible limits, and with some exceptions. Our findings suggest there could be a somewhat gradual decline in the concentration of the heavy metals and pesticide residues of these studied food crops when compared to previously published reports specific to Nigeria. To help substantiate this observation and supplement existing information, further investigations are required into the concentration of these heavy metals and pesticide residues specific to these studied food crops at other parts of the country.

scholarly journals Bioakumulasi Logam Berat Pb dan Cu terhadap Penaeus merguiensis di Perairan Teluk Kelabat Bagian Dalam

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Andini Komalasari ◽  
Budi Afriyansyah ◽  
Muhammad Ihsan ◽  
Mohammad Agung Nugraha
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Bioconcentration Factor ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer ◽  
Average Ability ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer ◽  
Penaeus Merguiensis

Bioaccumulation of Pb and Cu Heavy Metals to Penaeus merguiensis in the Waters of Inner Kelabat BayThe waters of Kelabat Bay has a wealth of marine resources that is quite important in supporting the economy of Bangka Regency and West Bangka Regency. The purpose of this research was to measure the concentration of heavy metals Pb and Cu (sea water, sediment, and Penaeus merguiensis) and measure the ability of Penaeus merguiensis in accumulating heavy metals Pb and Cu. Heavy metals Pb and Cu in Water, sediments and Penaeus merguiensis analyzed using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (Flame AAS). The results showed that concentration of heavy metals in water with an average range of Pb (0,1042-0,1748 mg/L) and Cu (0,000013-0,000021 mg/L). Average concentration of heavy metals in Pb sediments (7,15-7,73 mg/kg) and Cu (0,0016-0,00219 mg/kg ). Average concentration of Pb heavy metals in Penaeus merguiensis (1,34-1,54 mg/kg) and Cu (0,0003-0,00045 mg/kg). The average ability of Penaeus merguiensis in accumulating heavy metals Pb and Cu is 15,83 to water and 0,19 to sediment. The value of the Bioconcentration Factor is below 250 (FBK <250) so it falls into the low category. Penaeus merguiensis is more exposed to heavy metals dissolved in water than those released from sediment.Perairan Teluk Kelabat memiliki kekayaan sumber daya laut yang cukup penting dalam mendukung perekonomian Kabupaten Bangka dan Kabupaten Bangka Barat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur kandungan logam berat Pb dan Cu (air laut, sedimen, dan Penaeus merguiensis) dan mengukur kemampuan Penaeus merguiensis dalam mengakumulasi logam berat Pb dan Cu. Logam berat Pb dan Cu padaair, sedimen dan Penaeus merguiensisdianalisis menggunakan Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (Flame AAS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi logam berat dalam air dengan kisaran rata-rata Pb (0,1042-0,1748 mg/L) dan Cu (0,000013-0,000021 mg/L). Kisaran konsentrasi rata-rata logam berat dalam sedimen Pb (7,15-7,73 mg/kg) dan Cu (0,0016-0,00219 mg/kg). Kisaran konsentrasi rata-rata logam berat Pb di Penaeus merguiensis (1,34-1,54 mg/kg) dan Cu (0,0003-0,00045 mg/kg). Kemampuan rata-rata Penaeus merguiensis dalam mengakumulasi logam berat Pb dan Cu yaitu 15,83 terhadap air dan 0,19 terhadap sedimen. Nilai Faktor Biokonsentrasi tersebut di bawah 250 (FBK< 250) sehingga masuk dalam kategori rendah. Penaeus merguiensis lebih banyak terpapar logam berat yang terlarut dalam air daripada yang terlepas dari sedimen. 

Contents and Distributions of Heavy Metals in the Surface Sediments from Northern Beibu Gulf

2012 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 1194-1198
Author(s):  
Yue Han Li ◽  
Ai Rong Zheng ◽  
Zhi Kai Ma
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Coastal Area ◽  
Surface Sediments ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer ◽  
Beibu Gulf ◽  
Offshore Area ◽  
Organic Matters ◽  
Terrestrial Inputs

Contents and distributions of heavy metals in surface sediments from the northern Beibu Gulf were analyzed using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The results showed that the contents of Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr and Cd were 14.22～26.68, 31.85～54.59, 60.19～90.93, 29.95～67.95 and 0.030～0.130 µg•g–1, respectively, and average were 18.21, 38.88, 78.00, 48.46 and 0.09µg•g–1. The reducing environments in northern Beibu Gulf were attributed to organic matters and sulfide. The distributions of heavy metals showed the trend of higher along the coastal area and lower in the offshore area, generally controlled by terrestrial inputs, as well as hydrological conditions, depositional environments and so on.

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