scholarly journals Intestinal growth and function of broiler chicks fed sorghum based diets differing in condensed tannin levels

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
B Nyamambi ◽  
LR Ndlovu ◽  
YS Naik ◽  
ND Kock
Keyword(s):  
Condensed Tannin ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Intestinal Growth ◽  
And Function

GH elevates serum IGF-I levels but does not alter mucosal atrophy in parenterally fed rats

1997 ◽  
Vol 272 (5) ◽  
pp. G1100-G1108 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Peterson ◽  
H. V. Carey ◽  
P. L. Hinton ◽  
H. C. Lo ◽  
D. M. Ney
Keyword(s):  
Specific Activity ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Villus Height ◽  
Intestinal Growth ◽  
Factor I ◽  
Ion Secretion ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Mucosal Mass ◽  
And Function ◽  
Induced Changes

Growth hormone (GH) action is primarily mediated by insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), although both growth factors show tissue-selective effects. We investigated the effects of GH, IGF-I, and GH plus IGF-I on jejunal growth and function in rats maintained with total parenteral nutrition (TPN) and given recombinant human GH (rhGH) (400 micrograms/day sc, twice daily) and/or rhIGF-I (800 micrograms/day in TPN solution) for 5 days. Administration of GH or IGF-I alone produced similar increases in serum IGF-I levels and body weight; GH plus IGF-I further increased these parameters. TPN reduced mucosal mass, protein and DNA content, villus height, crypt depth, and enterocyte migration rate. IGF-I or GH plus IGF-I produced equivalent increases in all intestinal growth parameters; GH alone had no effect. GH, IGF-I, or GH plus IGF-I reduced TPN-induced increases in sucrase-specific activity. IGF-I, but not GH, attenuated TPN-induced increases in tissue conductance and carbachol-stimulated ion secretion. In contrast to IGF-I, GH does not stimulate intestinal growth during TPN and has less effect on normalizing TPN-induced changes in epithelial function.

Effect of feeding Aspergillus niger-fermented Ginkgo biloba-leaves on growth, small intestinal structure and function of broiler chicks

2012 ◽  
Vol 147 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 170-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuhui Zhang ◽  
Fuliang Cao ◽  
Zhiyuan Sun ◽  
Wanwen Yu ◽  
Linguo Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Ginkgo Biloba ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
And Function ◽  
Effect Of Feeding

Possible associations of dietary residues with growth of the large gut

1959 ◽  
Vol 197 (4) ◽  
pp. 903-911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessie Fischer Moinuddin ◽  
Helen Wing-Tsit Lee
Keyword(s):  
Fecal Pellet ◽  
Potato Starch ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Maximum Width ◽  
Intestinal Growth ◽  
And Function

Diets containing 67% cornstarch, or 42% cornstarch plus 25% lactose, agar, cellulose or raw potato starch, were fed to rats. Dimensions of the cecum and colon plus rectum and many characteristics of large intestinal and fecal residues were recorded. Possible relationships of these dimensions and characteristics to the diet-produced differences in weights of the cleaned cecum and colon plus rectum were sought by correlation and covariance methods. The following possible associations were found. The cecal dry weight was possibly associated with the length and maximum width of the cecum (containing its fill) and also with the weights of cecal fill. The dry weight and the weight:length ratio of the colon plus rectum were possibly associated with the fresh weight/fecal pellet and with other weights and dimensions of colonic fill and of feces. Despite these findings, in most cases we could not decide what relationship the residues might have to large intestinal growth and function. Nor could we decide how certain diets stimulate cecal or colonic growth.

scholarly journals Elucidating the Biological Roles of Insulin and Its Receptor in Murine Intestinal Growth and Function

Endocrinology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 158 (8) ◽  
pp. 2453-2469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stina Rikke Jensen ◽  
Sarah E Wheeler ◽  
Henning Hvid ◽  
Jonas Ahnfelt-Rønne ◽  
Bo Falck Hansen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Growth ◽  
And Function

Effects of Long-Term CCK Stimulation and CCK Blockade on Pancreatic and Intestinal Growth, Morphology, and Function

Digestion ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claus Niederau ◽  
Reinhard Lüthen ◽  
Markus Niederau ◽  
Georg Strohmeyer ◽  
Linda D. Ferrell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Morphology ◽  
Intestinal Growth ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals Cysteine in Broiler Poultry Nutrition

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iyakutye Jacob Nte ◽  
Hollinshead Holly Gunn
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Ingredients ◽  
Amino Acid Requirements ◽  
Protein Amino Acids ◽  
Poultry Diets ◽  
Soya Bean Meal ◽  
And Function

The SAAs are limiting in the major poultry feed ingredients, ranking first and fifth in soya bean meal and maize, respectively. Feed ingredients rich in protein, in particular and other nutrients, enhance Energy supply and protein accretion. Modern commercial broilers have reduced maintenance needs and high amino acid requirements, and are more responsive to protein (amino acids) than energy. Cysteine is a semi-essential amino acid belonging to the SAAs. It plays essential roles in protein synthesis, structure and function, causing growth depressing effects in broiler chicks when there is methionine:cysteine imbalance. Genetically predetermined amino acid sequences in proteins are essential for production of adequate quantities of meat, milk and eggs. Therefore, ideal amino acid ratios which conform to the requirements of broilers should be utilized. In nutrition, amino acids are equivalent to proteins, hence the shift in focus from proteins to individual amino acids, expressed as ideal ratios to lysine. The SAAs are practically relevant and have critical nutritional roles in animal nutrition with over 90% production being used to fortify animal (particularly poultry) diets. A balance in the methionine:cysteine ratio is necessary to ensure efficient utilization of the SAAs for proper growth and development in broiler poultry.

scholarly journals Soyabean glycinin depresses intestinal growth and function in juvenile Jian carp (Cyprinus carpiovar Jian): protective effects of glutamine

2015 ◽  
Vol 114 (10) ◽  
pp. 1569-1583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei-Dan Jiang ◽  
Kai Hu ◽  
Jin-Xiu Zhang ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Jun Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tight Junction ◽  
Fish Growth ◽  
Intestinal Cell ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Poor Growth ◽  
Intestinal Growth ◽  
Jian Carp ◽  
And Function

AbstractThis study investigated the effects of glycinin on the growth, intestinal oxidative status, tight junction components, cytokines and apoptosis signalling factors of fish. The results showed that an 80 g/kg diet of glycinin exposure for 42 d caused poor growth performance and depressed intestinal growth and function of juvenile Jian carp (Cyprinus carpiovar. Jian). Meanwhile, dietary glycinin exposure induced increases in lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation; it caused reductions in superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities; and it increasedMnSOD, CuZnSOD, GPx1b and GPx4amRNA levels, suggesting an adaptive mechanism against stress in the intestines of fish. However, dietary glycinin exposure decreased both the activity and mRNA levels of nine isoforms of glutathione-S-transferase (GST) (α,μ,π,ρ,θ,κ,mGST1,mGST2andmGST3), indicating toxicity to this enzyme activity and corresponding isoform gene expressions. In addition, glycinin exposure caused partial disruption of intestinal cell–cell tight junction components, disturbances of cytokines and induced apoptosis signalling in the distal intestines>mid intestines>proximal intestines of fish. Glycinin exposure also disturbed the mRNA levels of intestinal-related signalling factorsNrf2,Keap1a,Keap1b, eleven isoforms of protein kinase C and target of rapamycin/4E-BP. Interestingly, glutamine was observed to partially block those negative influences. In conclusion, this study indicates that dietary glycinin exposure causes intestinal oxidative damage and disruption of intestinal physical barriers and functions and reduces fish growth, but glutamine can reverse those negative effects in fish. This study provides some information on the mechanism of glycinin-induced negative effects.

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