scholarly journals Effect of microbial inoculants on the chemical composition and aerobic stability of Tanzania guinea grass silages

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
V.H. Bumbieris Junior ◽  
E.H. Horst ◽  
V.A.P. Guimarães ◽  
F.L. Massaro Junior ◽  
G.J. Moraes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pediococcus Acidilactici ◽  
Microbial Inoculants ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Aerobic Stability ◽  
Guinea Grass

The present study evaluated the effects of microbial inoculants on chemical changes and aerobic stability efficiency in Tanzania guinea grass silage. The treatments consisted of C: silage without inoculant; I: silage inoculated with Lactobacillus plantarum (CCT 0580) 8.0 x 109 CFU g-1, Bacillus subtilis (CCT 0089) 2.0 x 109 CFU g-1, and Pediococcus acidilactici (CCT 2553) 1.0 x 1010 CFU g-1, and L: silage inoculated with Lactobacillus plantarum (CCT 0580) 2.6 x 1010 CFU g-1 and Pediococcus pentosaceus (CCT 7659) 2.6 x 1010 CFU g-1. The experimental design was completely randomized, with five replications. There were no treatment effects on the nutritional composition of the silages, but both inoculants were effective in reducing the pH of the silage to 4.80 and 4.83 for I and L, respectively, compared with 5.04 for C. Silage with L had a lower ammonia nitrogen (N-NH3) content than the other silages (9.83%). Despite the lower pH values, the use of inoculants did not reduce fungal and yeast counts or improve the aerobic stability of Tanzania guinea grass silages.

scholarly journals Sweet Corn Stalk Treated with Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Alone or in Combination with Lactobacillus Plantarum: Nutritional Composition, Fermentation Traits and Aerobic Stability

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhou ◽  
Ouyang ◽  
Zhang ◽  
Wei ◽  
Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Corn Stalk ◽  
Aerobic Stability ◽  
Acid Detergent Fibre

This study examined the effects of a high-dose Saccharomyces cerevisiae inoculant alone or jointly with Lactobacillus plantarum on nutrient preservation, fermentation quality, and aerobic stability of sweet corn stalk silage. Fresh stalks (231 g dry matter (DM)/kg) were chopped and subjected to the following treatments: (1) deionized water (Uninoculated; U); (2) S. cerevisiae at 1 × 108 cfu/g of fresh forage (S); and (3) S. cerevisiae at 1 × 108 cfu/g plus L. plantarum at 1 × 105 cfu/g (SL). Treated stalks were ensiled in 5-litre laboratory silos for 30, 60, and 90 d. The S and SL silages had a greater (p < 0.001) pH and greater crude protein, ammonia nitrogen/total nitrogen, neutral detergent fibre, acid detergent fibre, and ethanol contents at all three ensiling periods than the U silage. Acetate, propionate and volatile fatty acids in the S and SL silages after 30 and 90 d of ensiling were greater (p < 0.05) than those in the U silage, but they were lower (p < 0.05) in the S and SL silages than in the U silage after 60 d. The lactate and V-score of the S and SL silages were lower (p < 0.001) than those of the U silage at all three ensiling periods. Compared with the U group, the aerobic stability of the S silage after 90 d of ensiling decreased (p < 0.05), and the aerobic stability of the SL silage was unaffected (p > 0.05). Overall, the quality of sweet corn stalk silage was not improved by inoculation with 108 cfu/g of S. cerevisiae alone or in combination with 1 × 105 cfu/g of L. plantarum.

scholarly journals Effects of Class IIa Bacteriocin-Producing Lactobacillus Species on Fermentation Quality and Aerobic Stability of Alfalfa Silage

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1575
Author(s):  
Fuhou Li ◽  
Zitong Ding ◽  
Adegbola T. Adesogan ◽  
Wencan Ke ◽  
Yun Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Lactobacillus Delbrueckii ◽  
Aerobic Stability ◽  
Fermentation Quality ◽  
Alfalfa Silage

The effects of two strains of class IIa bacteriocin-producing lactic acid bacteria, Lactobacillus delbrueckii F17 and Lactobacillus plantarum (BNCC 336943), or a non-bacteriocin Lactobacillus plantarum MTD/1 (NCIMB 40027), on fermentation quality, microbial counts, and aerobic stability of alfalfa silage were investigated. Alfalfa was harvested at the initial flowering stage, wilted to a dry matter concentration of approximately 32%, and chopped to 1 to 2 cm length. Chopped samples were treated with nothing (control, CON), Lactobacillus delbrueckii F17 (F17), Lactobacillus plantarum (BNCC 336943) (LPB), or Lactobacillus plantarum MTD/1 (NCIMB 40027) (LPN), each at an application rate of 1 × 106 colony-forming units/g of fresh weight. Each treatment was ensiled in quadruplicate in vacuum-sealed polyethylene bags packed with 500 g of fresh alfalfa per bag and ensiled at ambient temperature (25 ± 2 °C) for 3, 7, 14, 30, and 60 days. The samples were then subjected to an aerobic stability test after 60 days of ensiling. Compared with the CON silage, the inoculants reduced the pH after 14 days of ensiling. After 60 days, pH was lowest in the LPB-treated silage, followed by the F17 and LPN-treated silages. Inoculation of F17 increased concentrations of lactic acid in silages fermented for 7, 14, 30, and 60 days relative to other treatments, except for the LPN-treated silages ensiled for 30 and 60 days, in which the lactic acid concentrations were similar to that of F17 silage. Application of F17 and LPB decreased the number of yeast and mold relative to CON and LPN-treated silages. Compared with the CON silage, inoculant-treated silages had greater aerobic stability, water-soluble carbohydrate, and crude protein concentrations, and lower neutral detergent fiber, amino acid nitrogen, and ammonia nitrogen concentrations. The LPB-treated silage had the greatest aerobic stability followed by the F17-treated silage. Both class IIa bacteriocin producing inoculants improved alfalfa silage fermentation quality, reduced the growth of yeasts and molds, and improved the aerobic stability of the ensiled forage to a greater extent than the proven LPN inoculant. However, higher crude protein concentration and lower ammonia nitrogen concentration were observed in LPN-treated silage relative to other treatments.

Fermentation quality, in vitro digestibility and aerobic stability of total mixed ration silages prepared with whole-plant corn (Zea mays L.) and hulless barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) straw

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (10) ◽  
pp. 1860 ◽  
Author(s):  
XianJun Yuan ◽  
AiYou Wen ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
JunFeng Li ◽  
Seare T. Desta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Stability Test ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Total Mixed Ration ◽  
Aerobic Stability ◽  
Fermentation Quality

This study was carried out to assess the effects of adding Lactobacillus plantarum, molasses or/and ethanol on the fermentation quality, in vitro digestibility and aerobic stability of total mixed ration (TMR) silage, which is well accepted in small-scale dairy farms in Tibet. Total mixed ration were ensiled in laboratory silos (1 L) and treated with (1) no additive (Control), (2) ethanol (E, 25 ml/kg fresh weight (FW)), (3) molasses (M, 30 g/kg FW); (4) Lactobacillus plantarum (L, 106cfu/g FW); (5) ethanol + molasses (EM); and (6) ethanol + Lactobacillus plantarum (EL). After 45 days of ensiling, six silos per treatment were opened for the fermentation quality and in vitro digestibility analyses, whereas 18 silos were used for the aerobic stability test for the following 9 days. All TMR silages were well preserved with dominant lactic acid (LA), low pH and ammonia nitrogen, and negligible propionic and butyric acid. The L and EL silages had the lowest pH and highest LA concentrations. The addition of ethanol did not inhibit silage fermentation as there were no significant differences for the pH, LA, acetic acid, negligible propionic acid or ammonia nitrogen content, lactic acid bacteria and yeast counts between Control and the E silage. During the aerobic stability test, pH increased by 1.39, 1.67, 1.69 and 0.74 for the Control, M, L and EM silages, but only 0.40 and 0.34 for E and EL silages, respectively. Upon exposure to air, the LA concentration in the L silage was evidently (P < 0.05) decreased, whereas LA concentration in the EL silage remained the highest value after the third day of aerobic exposure. Mean populations of aerobic bacteria and yeast in the E and EL silages were lower (P < 0.05) than those of the Control. These findings suggested that L. plantarum is effective in improving fermentation quality of TMR silages. Although the addition of ethanol in our study did not depress the fermentation of the TMR silages, it showed potential to inhibit the aerobic spoilage of TMR silages, either alone or in combination with the L. plantarum. It is concluded that L. plantarum combined with ethanol not only ensures better fermentation but also could improve aerobic stability.

Effects of a high-dose Saccharomyces cerevisiae inoculum alone or in combination with Lactobacillus plantarum on the nutritional composition and fermentation traits of maize silage

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 833
Author(s):  
X. L. Zhou ◽  
Z. Ouyang ◽  
X. L. Zhang ◽  
Y. Q. Wei ◽  
S. X. Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrate ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Maize Silage ◽  
Aerobic Stability

Context The inoculation of silage with Saccharomyces cerevisiae to deliver viable yeast cells is a novel concept. Aims The effects of a high-dose S. cerevisiae inoculum alone or combined with Lactobacillus plantarum on the nutritional composition, fermentation traits and aerobic stability of maize silage were studied after 30, 60 and 90 days of storage. Methods Whole-crop maize (309.3 g dry matter (DM)/kg as fed) was subjected to one of three treatments: deionised water (untreated control); S. cerevisiae at an estimated concentration of 108 CFU/g fresh forage (S); or S. cerevisiae at an estimated concentration of 108 CFU/g and L. plantarum at an estimated concentration of 105 CFU/g of fresh forage (SL). Key results Compared with the control, the S and SL groups showed increases (P &lt; 0.001) in average pH (3.98 in S and 4.01 in SL vs 3.65 in the control), crude protein (85 g/kg DM in S and 80 g/kg DM in SL vs 63 g/kg DM in the control) and ammonia nitrogen/total nitrogen (122.2 g/kg in S and 163.9 g/kg in SL vs 52.9 g/kg in the control) but a lower (P &lt; 0.001) average concentration of water-soluble carbohydrate (0.9 g/kg DM in S and 0.7 g/kg DM in SL vs 2.3 g/kg DM in the control). The levels of neutral detergent fibre and acid detergent fibre were greater (P &lt; 0.001) in S silage than in the control and SL silages, and the hemicellulose level was lower (P = 0.004) in the SL group than the control and S groups. Starch and aerobic stability were unaffected by treatment, and the average lactate and ethanol concentrations were higher (P &lt; 0.001) in the S (53.7 g lactate/kg DM and 28.7 g ethanol/kg DM) and SL (56.9 g lactate/kg DM and 21.4 g ethanol/kg DM) groups than the control (40.1 g lactate/kg DM and 5.3 g ethanol/kg DM) over 90 days of ensiling. Conclusions Overall, a high-dose inoculum of S. cerevisiae alone or combined with L. plantarum affected the nutritional composition and fermentation traits of maize silage. Implications The inoculation of maize silage with a high dose of S. cerevisiae needs to be performed with caution.

scholarly journals Utilization of untreated and formaldhyde treated skimmilk powder and skimmilk powder-barley pellets by ruminants

1978 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-176
Author(s):  
Liisa Syrjälä ◽  
Eeva-Liisa Syväoja ◽  
Marjatta Boman
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Milk Powder ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
The Other ◽  
Rumen Content ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Pelleted Diet

The utilization of spray-dried fat free milk powder in three different froms 1) untreated, 2) treated with formaldehyde (0.4 g formaldehyde/100 g crude protein) and 3) pelleted with barley meal (30 % milk powder and 70 % barley meal) was studied with three rumen-fistulated dairy cows according to a 3 x 3 Latin square. The effects of different treatments were investigated with respect to rumen fermentation, microbial determinations and milk and blood analyses. The basic feed in every diet consisted of hay, grass silage, barley, oats, mineral and vitamin mixtures. Feeding was according to nutrient requirement. In each diet 25 % of the DCP required for milk production was replaced with milk protein. The NH3 concentration in the rumen fluid was lowest on the pelleted diet followed by the formaldehyde treated and untreated skimmilk powder diets, the differences only being significant between the pelleted and untreated diets. The pH values were significantly higher on the pelleted diet than on the other diets. The VFA content of the rumen fluid was similar on the different diets. The total amount of rumen ciliates was highest on the untreated skimmilk powder diet and lowest on the pelleted diet. The quantity of bacteria was however lower on the untreated skimmilk powder diet than on the other diets. Bacteria constituted 72—88 % of the total microbe mass on the different diets. The total microbe mass consisted of the following percentages of rumen content on the different diets: untreated 3.3 %, formaldehyde treated 3.2 % and pelleted diet 2,9 %. No effects on the milk yields and blood contents were found with the different treatments of skimmilk powder. Milk protein-% was significantly higher on the untreated skimmilk powder diet than on the pelleted diet.

Effect of hexanoic acid, Lactobacillus plantarum and their combination on the aerobic stability of napier grass silage

2020 ◽  
Vol 129 (4) ◽  
pp. 823-831
Author(s):  
Wazha Mugabe ◽  
Tao Shao ◽  
Junfeng Li ◽  
Zhihao Dong ◽  
Xianjun Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Hexanoic Acid ◽  
Napier Grass ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Aerobic Stability

scholarly journals Chemical, physical and biological changes of white oat ensiled with different additives

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Américo Fróes Garcez Neto ◽  
Janielen da Silva ◽  
Tiago Machado dos Santos ◽  
Sergio Rodrigo Fernandes ◽  
Eduardo Michelon Nascimento
Keyword(s):  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Exposure Period ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Buffering Capacity ◽  
Pediococcus Acidilactici ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Aerobic Stability ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

SUMMARY This study evaluated the addition of inoculants on the aerobic stability, nutritional value, and fermentation and microbiological profiles of white oat silages (Avena sativa L.). The trial was carried out in a completely randomized design with three treatments and six replicates. The treatments consisted of three ensiling approaches: oat (O); oat with homofermentative bacterial inoculant (OB); and oat with bacterial-enzymatic inoculant (OBE). The aerobic stability was 9 days for silage O and 14 days for silages OB and OBE. The non-fiber carbohydrates (NFC) decreased (16.67 to 14.05% DM) and the crude protein (CP) did not change (mean of 8.98% DM) during the aerobic exposure in all silages. The buffering capacity (BC) decreased, while pH and the ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) increased during the aerobic exposure in all silages. Independent from the aerobic exposure period, BC of OBE silage was higher than O silage (29.67 vs. 24.80 meq/100 g DM). Lactic acid bacteria count in OB silage (7.83 log CFU/g) was higher than in O and OBE silages (5.24 log CFU/g, on average). Also, the OB silage showed high enterobacteria count compared to OBE silage (2.49 vs. 0.76 log CFU/g). The inoculation with Lactobacillus plantarum, Pediococcus acidilactici and amylase enzyme at the dose of 1×105 CFU/g does not improve the aerobic stability, nutritional value and the fermentation and microbiological profiles of oat silages.

Survival of Yersinia enterocolitica in Fermented Sausages Manufactured With Different Levels of Nitrite and Different Starter Cultures

1993 ◽  
Vol 56 (8) ◽  
pp. 710-712 ◽  
Author(s):  
KRISTIINA ASPLUND ◽  
ESKO NURMI ◽  
JORMA HIRN ◽  
TIMO HIRVI ◽  
PAULI HILL
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Yersinia Enterocolitica ◽  
Sodium Nitrite ◽  
Starter Cultures ◽  
Test Period ◽  
Pediococcus Acidilactici ◽  
Lactobacillus Pentosus ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Fermented Sausages ◽  
Different Levels

The ability of Yersinia enterocolitica 0:3 to grow and survive during the manufacture of fermented sausages made with 0, 50, 80, 100, and 120 mg/kg added sodium nitrite and three different commercial starter cultures was determined. The sausage mass was inoculated to contain 1.7 × 105 of Y. enterocolitica per g. Yersinia was not detected after 28 d in sausages made with 80, 100, or 120 mg/kg of sodium nitrite. All sausages manufactured without or with 50 mg/kg sodium nitrite harbored Yersinia during the test period of 35 d. The highest level of Yersinia (5.9 log10 CFU/g) was detected in sausages made with no sodium nitrite and with Pediococcus acidilactici ©. In sausages made with Lactobacillus pentosus (A), the level of Yersinia was less than 2.0 log10 CFU/g. In sausages made with Lactobacillus plantarum (B) and 50 mg/kg sodium nitrite, the level of Yersinia was 2.9 log10 CFU/g. The pH values made with starters A, B, and C reached the pH values of 4.9, 5.2, and 5.4, respectively.

scholarly journals Studies on silage in Puerto Rico I. Methods of ensiling and resulting quality of merker, cane tops and para grass silages

1969 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-179
Author(s):  
L. Rivera Brenes ◽  
F. Marchán ◽  
E. Del Toro
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Other ◽  
Forage Grasses ◽  
Nutrient Losses ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Natural Characteristics

Merker grass, Para grass and cane top silages were made satisfactorily using experimental silos 7.5' X 15'. The commonly recommended techniques, except wilting, can be followed in Puerto Rico. Observations tend to indicate that the forage should be put into the silo within a few hours after cutting. Due to the natural characteristics of the native-grown grasses and of the excessively hot sun, wilting it not advisable: the material becomes too light to attain good packing and there is a probable reduction in the nutritive value. Unless very heavy weights are put on top of the ensiled material (this is troublesome and costly in tower silos), water must be added to insure good packing especially toward the top of the silo. Experience will help to determine the amount of water to be added. More detailed studies on total losses, nutrient losses and pH values were made with Merker silage. The results obtained were within the range reported by investigators in the United States. Further observations tend to indicate too, that intervals between fillings should not exceed more than 24 hours to avoid excessive losses due to moldy silage. The tropical temperature seems to favor the rapid growth of molds. With respect to odor, color, palatability and pH values, very good silage was obtained from Merker grass. Good cane tops and Para grass silages were obtained too, but not of the same quality as Merker silage. Molasses can be used as a preservative up to ten per cent. It increases palatability and nutritive value of the silage. Results obtained with Merker grass silage probably apply to the other forage grasses in the Island, taking into consideration the results obtained in the present work as compared to the results obtained by others with grass and legume silages.

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