Effects of a high-dose Saccharomyces cerevisiae inoculum alone or in combination with Lactobacillus plantarum on the nutritional composition and fermentation traits of maize silage

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 833
Author(s):  
X. L. Zhou ◽  
Z. Ouyang ◽  
X. L. Zhang ◽  
Y. Q. Wei ◽  
S. X. Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrate ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Maize Silage ◽  
Aerobic Stability

Context The inoculation of silage with Saccharomyces cerevisiae to deliver viable yeast cells is a novel concept. Aims The effects of a high-dose S. cerevisiae inoculum alone or combined with Lactobacillus plantarum on the nutritional composition, fermentation traits and aerobic stability of maize silage were studied after 30, 60 and 90 days of storage. Methods Whole-crop maize (309.3 g dry matter (DM)/kg as fed) was subjected to one of three treatments: deionised water (untreated control); S. cerevisiae at an estimated concentration of 108 CFU/g fresh forage (S); or S. cerevisiae at an estimated concentration of 108 CFU/g and L. plantarum at an estimated concentration of 105 CFU/g of fresh forage (SL). Key results Compared with the control, the S and SL groups showed increases (P < 0.001) in average pH (3.98 in S and 4.01 in SL vs 3.65 in the control), crude protein (85 g/kg DM in S and 80 g/kg DM in SL vs 63 g/kg DM in the control) and ammonia nitrogen/total nitrogen (122.2 g/kg in S and 163.9 g/kg in SL vs 52.9 g/kg in the control) but a lower (P < 0.001) average concentration of water-soluble carbohydrate (0.9 g/kg DM in S and 0.7 g/kg DM in SL vs 2.3 g/kg DM in the control). The levels of neutral detergent fibre and acid detergent fibre were greater (P < 0.001) in S silage than in the control and SL silages, and the hemicellulose level was lower (P = 0.004) in the SL group than the control and S groups. Starch and aerobic stability were unaffected by treatment, and the average lactate and ethanol concentrations were higher (P < 0.001) in the S (53.7 g lactate/kg DM and 28.7 g ethanol/kg DM) and SL (56.9 g lactate/kg DM and 21.4 g ethanol/kg DM) groups than the control (40.1 g lactate/kg DM and 5.3 g ethanol/kg DM) over 90 days of ensiling. Conclusions Overall, a high-dose inoculum of S. cerevisiae alone or combined with L. plantarum affected the nutritional composition and fermentation traits of maize silage. Implications The inoculation of maize silage with a high dose of S. cerevisiae needs to be performed with caution.

scholarly journals Sweet Corn Stalk Treated with Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Alone or in Combination with Lactobacillus Plantarum: Nutritional Composition, Fermentation Traits and Aerobic Stability

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhou ◽  
Ouyang ◽  
Zhang ◽  
Wei ◽  
Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Corn Stalk ◽  
Aerobic Stability ◽  
Acid Detergent Fibre

This study examined the effects of a high-dose Saccharomyces cerevisiae inoculant alone or jointly with Lactobacillus plantarum on nutrient preservation, fermentation quality, and aerobic stability of sweet corn stalk silage. Fresh stalks (231 g dry matter (DM)/kg) were chopped and subjected to the following treatments: (1) deionized water (Uninoculated; U); (2) S. cerevisiae at 1 × 108 cfu/g of fresh forage (S); and (3) S. cerevisiae at 1 × 108 cfu/g plus L. plantarum at 1 × 105 cfu/g (SL). Treated stalks were ensiled in 5-litre laboratory silos for 30, 60, and 90 d. The S and SL silages had a greater (p < 0.001) pH and greater crude protein, ammonia nitrogen/total nitrogen, neutral detergent fibre, acid detergent fibre, and ethanol contents at all three ensiling periods than the U silage. Acetate, propionate and volatile fatty acids in the S and SL silages after 30 and 90 d of ensiling were greater (p < 0.05) than those in the U silage, but they were lower (p < 0.05) in the S and SL silages than in the U silage after 60 d. The lactate and V-score of the S and SL silages were lower (p < 0.001) than those of the U silage at all three ensiling periods. Compared with the U group, the aerobic stability of the S silage after 90 d of ensiling decreased (p < 0.05), and the aerobic stability of the SL silage was unaffected (p > 0.05). Overall, the quality of sweet corn stalk silage was not improved by inoculation with 108 cfu/g of S. cerevisiae alone or in combination with 1 × 105 cfu/g of L. plantarum.

scholarly journals Additive Type Affects Fermentation, Aerobic Stability and Mycotoxin Formation during Air Exposure of Early-Cut Rye (Secale cereale L.) Silage

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1432
Author(s):  
Horst Auerbach ◽  
Peter Theobald
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Potassium Sorbate ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrate ◽  
Chemical Additives ◽  
Air Exposure ◽  
Carbohydrate Concentration ◽  
Aerobic Stability ◽  
Silage Production

Whole-crop rye harvested before maturity represents a valuable forage for silage production. Due to the scarcity of data on fermentation characteristics and aerobic stability (ASTA) and the lack of information on mycotoxin formation during aeration of early-cut rye (ECR) silage after silo opening, we evaluated the effects of different additive types and compositions. Wilted forage was treated with various biological and chemical additives, ensiled in 1.5-L glass jars and stored for 64 days. Fermentation pattern, yeast and mould counts and ASTA were determined at silo opening. In total 34 mycotoxins were analysed in wilted forage and in silage before and after 240 h of air exposure. Chemical additives caused the lowest dry matter (DM) losses during fermentation accompanied with the lowest ethanol production and the highest water-soluble carbohydrate concentration. Aerobic deterioration, which started within two days after silo opening in silage left untreated and inoculated with homofermentative lactic acid bacteria, was prevented by the combined use of hetero- and homofermentative lactic acid bacteria and the chemical additive containing sodium nitrite, hexamethylene tetramine and potassium sorbate. Moreover, these two additives largely restricted the formation of the mycotoxin roquefortine C to < 0.05 mg kg−1 DM after aeration, whereas untreated silage contained 85.2 mg kg−1 DM.

scholarly journals Effects of Class IIa Bacteriocin-Producing Lactobacillus Species on Fermentation Quality and Aerobic Stability of Alfalfa Silage

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1575
Author(s):  
Fuhou Li ◽  
Zitong Ding ◽  
Adegbola T. Adesogan ◽  
Wencan Ke ◽  
Yun Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Lactobacillus Delbrueckii ◽  
Aerobic Stability ◽  
Fermentation Quality ◽  
Alfalfa Silage

The effects of two strains of class IIa bacteriocin-producing lactic acid bacteria, Lactobacillus delbrueckii F17 and Lactobacillus plantarum (BNCC 336943), or a non-bacteriocin Lactobacillus plantarum MTD/1 (NCIMB 40027), on fermentation quality, microbial counts, and aerobic stability of alfalfa silage were investigated. Alfalfa was harvested at the initial flowering stage, wilted to a dry matter concentration of approximately 32%, and chopped to 1 to 2 cm length. Chopped samples were treated with nothing (control, CON), Lactobacillus delbrueckii F17 (F17), Lactobacillus plantarum (BNCC 336943) (LPB), or Lactobacillus plantarum MTD/1 (NCIMB 40027) (LPN), each at an application rate of 1 × 106 colony-forming units/g of fresh weight. Each treatment was ensiled in quadruplicate in vacuum-sealed polyethylene bags packed with 500 g of fresh alfalfa per bag and ensiled at ambient temperature (25 ± 2 °C) for 3, 7, 14, 30, and 60 days. The samples were then subjected to an aerobic stability test after 60 days of ensiling. Compared with the CON silage, the inoculants reduced the pH after 14 days of ensiling. After 60 days, pH was lowest in the LPB-treated silage, followed by the F17 and LPN-treated silages. Inoculation of F17 increased concentrations of lactic acid in silages fermented for 7, 14, 30, and 60 days relative to other treatments, except for the LPN-treated silages ensiled for 30 and 60 days, in which the lactic acid concentrations were similar to that of F17 silage. Application of F17 and LPB decreased the number of yeast and mold relative to CON and LPN-treated silages. Compared with the CON silage, inoculant-treated silages had greater aerobic stability, water-soluble carbohydrate, and crude protein concentrations, and lower neutral detergent fiber, amino acid nitrogen, and ammonia nitrogen concentrations. The LPB-treated silage had the greatest aerobic stability followed by the F17-treated silage. Both class IIa bacteriocin producing inoculants improved alfalfa silage fermentation quality, reduced the growth of yeasts and molds, and improved the aerobic stability of the ensiled forage to a greater extent than the proven LPN inoculant. However, higher crude protein concentration and lower ammonia nitrogen concentration were observed in LPN-treated silage relative to other treatments.

Intake, digestibility and aerobic stability of barley silage inoculated with mixtures of Lactobacillus plantarum and Enterococcus faecium

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. McAllister ◽  
L. B. Selinger ◽  
L. R. McMahon ◽  
H. D. Bae ◽  
T. J. Lysyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Enterococcus Faecium ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Aerobic Stability ◽  
Barley Silage

The effect of ensiling barley treated with two bacterial inoculants containing mixtures of Lactobacillus plantarum and Enterococcus faecium (1.0 × 105 cfu g−1 as fed silage) on the nutritional value and aerobic stability of barley silage was examined. Inoculants differed in the strains they contained and were originally selected by Pioneer Hi-Bred International for use with corn or alfalfa silage, SILA-BAC® (1174), or with grass silage (X2637). Concentrations of water-soluble carbohydrates were higher (P < 0.05) in inoculated than in control silages. Although inoculants appeared to increase the numbers of lactic acid producing bacteria (LAB) at ensiling, post-ensiling numbers (cfu g−1) of yeasts and molds were lower (P < 0.05) in inoculated than in control silages. Lactic acid concentrations and pH were similar among the silages and variations m the growth of yeast and mold populations could not be explained by differences in the production of volatile fatty acids (VFA) among silages. Inoculation of barley silage with either inoculant increased (P < 0.01) the average daily gain of lambs. A digestibility experiment with 12 growing ram lambs showed that inoculants did not alter (P > 0.05) DM intake, feed efficiency or the digestion of DM, organic matter, acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF). Nitrogen intake and retention were greater (P < 0.05) in lambs fed silage inoculated with 1174 as compared with control silage. Yeast populations were increased (P < 0.05) in control and 1174 after 2 d of exposure to air but it required 13 d for a similar yeast population to be established in X2637 silage. Increases in the mold populations within the silages were noted after 2, 5 and 13 d of exposure to air for control, 1174 and X2637, respectively. The temperature of control silage increased (P < 0.05) 2 d after exposure to air, whereas increases in temperature were delayed for 4 d in 1174 and 8 d in X2637. Temperatures rose as high as 30 °C in control silage, but did not exceed 24 °C in inoculated silages during the 13 d period. Key words: Barley silage, inoculant, digestion, aerobic stability, sheep, gain

The Chemical Composition and Ensiling Characteristics of Sweet Corn Processing by-Products

2011 ◽  
Vol 236-238 ◽  
pp. 305-308
Author(s):  
Jian Guo Zhang ◽  
Qin Hua Liu ◽  
Fu Yu Yang
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrate ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Aerobic Stability ◽  
Corn Processing ◽  
By Products

To investigate the nutritive and ensiling characteristics of sweet corn processing by-products, the chemical compositions of corn bracts and cobs were analyzed and the effects of wilting and additives on the fermentation quality and aerobic stability were measured. The research results showed: Corn bracts and cobs had low fiber content and high nitrogen free extract content (> 61% DM)，with high nutritive value; Corn bracts and cobs were of high water soluble carbohydrate contents (> 10% DM), low buffering capacity (< 150 mE/kg DM), more lactic acid bacteria (> 107cfu/g FM), they might be well preserved without any treatments, but their aerobic stability was poor; Barn and lactic acid bacteria addition had few effect on the fermentation except for reducing butyric acid content, wilting tended to increase lactic acid content and reduce the contents of volatile fatty acids.

scholarly journals Ensiling corn silage with different levels of a multi-species lactic acid bacteria inoculant

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
H. Mohammadzadeh ◽  
M. Khorvash ◽  
G. R. Ghorbani
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrate ◽  
Lactic Acid Concentration ◽  
Fermentation Products ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fibre ◽  
Aerobic Stability

A multi-species lactic acid bacterial inoculant (Lactisil maize, LM) was applied to whole-crop corn at different maturities in laboratory silos, to evaluate its effects on biochemical characteristics and aerobic stability. The corn crop was harvested at hard dough (HD, 253.1 g/DM kg), one-third milkline (ML, 293.7 g/DM kg) and one-third milkline with a killing frost (MLF, 297.6 g/DM kg). Crops were chopped to a 2.5-cm theoretical cut length, subsampled and treated with two levels of inoculant (LB1 = 1.5 × 105 cfu/g forage, LB2 = 3 × 105 cfu/g forage) or untreated (WO). The chemical composition of MLF crops was very similar to that of ML crops. However, lower (P < 0.01) numbers of lactic acid bacteria and higher numbers of yeast were enumerated in MLF than in ML crops. Higher percentages of DM and neutral detergent fibre and higher pH, but lower (P < 0.01) concentrations of water soluble carbohydrate and crude protein were measured in ML and MLF crops than in HD crops. Application of the inoculant increased (P < 0.01) concentrations of volatile fatty acids, neutral detergent fibre and acid detergent fibre in silages. Lactic acid concentration increased (P < 0.01) in HD treatments with an increasing level of inoculant. In contrast, the highest (P < 0.01) lactic acid concentration was measured in LB1 treatment compared with WO and LB2 in ML and MLF silages. Silages prepared from ML and MLF crops had higher (P < 0.01) lactic and acetic acid concentrations but lower (P < 0.01) butyric acid concentrations than did those prepared from HD. The pH in LB1 and LB2 silages was higher (P < 0.01) than that measured in WO silages. Aerobic stability was not influenced by inoculant treatment but low-DM silages were more (P < 0.01) resistant to spoilage. Frost-killed corn crops had a good potential to produce well fermented silage. Using LM resulted in silages with slightly higher fermentation products but it failed to improve aerobic stability of silage after 120 days of ensiling. These results indicated that inoculation of corn crops with LM for a short-duration ensilage period cannot enhance aerobic stability of silages due to insufficient acetic acid production from lactic acid conversion.

scholarly journals Propiyonik Asit Katkısının Toplam Karışım Rasyonu Yemin Aerobik Stabilite Özellikleri Üzerine Etkileri

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 210-216
Author(s):  
Ahmet Aslım ◽  
Berrin Okuyucu ◽  
Fisun Koç
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrate ◽  
Total Mixed Ration ◽  
Aerobic Stability ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Feed Samples

This study investigated the effects of different levels of propionic acid addition on the aerobic stability characteristics of the total mixture ration. In the study, the effects of four different levels of propionic acid-based additives (0, 1.5, 3.0, 4.5%) on storage conditions of 26°C and 30°C. Feed samples were stored for 7 days, 3 replicates for each treatment group. Chemical and microbiological parameters were analysed in feed samples during aerobic stability. Temperature values and ambient temperature in each treatment were measured and recorded through temperature sensors for 7 days. The addition of additives in the study decreased the pH, dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, and yeast contents of total mixed ration, increased crude protein, eter extract, water soluble carbohydrate, lactic acid, and lactic acid bacteria contents and prevented mold growth. As a result of the research, the addition of 4.5% propionic acid allowed the total mixed ration to remain stable at 26°C for 7 days and 30°C for 5 days.

Corrigendum to: Effect of Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus buchneri addition on fermentation, bacterial community and aerobic stability in lucerne silage

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (8) ◽  
pp. 1584
Author(s):  
Huazhe Si ◽  
Hanlu Liu ◽  
Zhipeng Li ◽  
Weixiao Nan ◽  
Chunai Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Metabolic Phenotype ◽  
Residual Water ◽  
Lactobacillus Buchneri ◽  
Silage Fermentation ◽  
Aerobic Stability

Changes in the microbial community are closely related to the fermentation of silage. However, how host genetic variation shapes the community structure of the silage microbiota and its metabolic phenotype is poorly understood. The objective of present study was to evaluate the effects of the application of the homo-fermentative Lactobacillus plantarum and hetero-fermentative Lactobacillus buchneri strains to lucerne silage on the fermentation characteristics, aerobic stability, and microbial community and their correlations. The three silages treated with L. plantarum or L. buchneri were well preserved and had significantly lower pH values, butyric acid, propionic acid, and ammonia-N concentrations, and significantly higher residual water-soluble carbohydrate, dry matter and lactic acid contents than the controls. The treated groups had more lactic acid bacteria and lower quantities of other bacteria in their microbial communities. Inoculation of lactic acid bacteria influenced the abundances of other bacteria and controlled the silage fermentation characteristics. L. buchneri inhibited the abundance of Enterobacter_ludwigii to increase the crude protein content, L. plantarum improve the neutral detergent fibre content by affecting the abundance of Arthrobacter_sp._Ens13. In conclusion, the application of L. plantarum and L. buchneri improved the quality of lucerne silage fermentation, and L. buchneri resulted in greater improvements after aerobic exposure.

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