Protection of Milk Packaged in High Density Polyethylene Against Photodegradation by Fluorescent Light

The effectiveness of visible and UV light screens, compounded in polyethylene dairy resin to protect vitamins in milk from photodegradation, was investigated. Three pigments and three UV absorbers were chosen for testing on the basis of their commercial availability, FDA approval for contact with food, and advertised compatibility with polyolefins. In this study, vitamin decomposition was accelerated over what would be experienced in a commercial milk container in order to expedite the testing program and exaggerate differences in effectiveness of the various light screens. Good protection of vitamin A and riboflavin was provided by 0.3 wt % FD&C yellow #5. Protection of ascorbic acid was marginal. Two of the UV absorbers, Cyasorb 531 and Tinuvin 326, afforded protection of vitamin A, but not riboflavin or ascorbic acid. Visible and UV spectra are presented for the vitamins and light screens used in this work.

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Sorbitol enhances the physicochemical stability of B12 vitamers

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831/a000578 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 90 (5-6) ◽

pp. 439-447 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Andrew Hadinata Lie ◽

Maria V Chandra-Hioe ◽

Jayashree Arcot

Keyword(s):

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Uv Light ◽

Heat Exposure ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Uv Exposure ◽

Physicochemical Stability ◽

Before And After ◽

The Stability

Abstract. The stability of B12 vitamers is affected by interaction with other water-soluble vitamins, UV light, heat, and pH. This study compared the degradation losses in cyanocobalamin, hydroxocobalamin and methylcobalamin due to the physicochemical exposure before and after the addition of sorbitol. The degradation losses of cyanocobalamin in the presence of increasing concentrations of thiamin and niacin ranged between 6%-13% and added sorbitol significantly prevented the loss of cyanocobalamin (p<0.05). Hydroxocobalamin and methylcobalamin exhibited degradation losses ranging from 24%–26% and 48%–76%, respectively; added sorbitol significantly minimised the loss to 10% and 20%, respectively (p < 0.05). Methylcobalamin was the most susceptible to degradation when co-existing with ascorbic acid, followed by hydroxocobalamin and cyanocobalamin. The presence of ascorbic acid caused the greatest degradation loss in methylcobalamin (70%-76%), which was minimised to 16% with added sorbitol (p < 0.05). Heat exposure (100 °C, 60 minutes) caused a greater loss of cyanocobalamin (38%) than UV exposure (4%). However, degradation losses in hydroxocobalamin and methylcobalamin due to UV and heat exposures were comparable (>30%). At pH 3, methylcobalamin was the most unstable showing 79% degradation loss, which was down to 12% after sorbitol was added (p < 0.05). The losses of cyanocobalamin at pH 3 and pH 9 (~15%) were prevented by adding sorbitol. Addition of sorbitol to hydroxocobalamin at pH 3 and pH 9 reduced the loss by only 6%. The results showed that cyanocobalamin was the most stable, followed by hydroxocobalamin and methylcobalamin. Added sorbitol was sufficient to significantly enhance the stability of cobalamins against degradative agents and conditions.

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UV Irradiation of Shell Eggs: Effect on Populations of Aerobes, Molds, and Inoculated Salmonella typhimurium

Journal of Food Protection ◽

10.4315/0362-028x-60.6.639 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 60 (6) ◽

pp. 639-643 ◽

Cited By ~ 69

Author(s):

FUENG-LIN KUO ◽

JOHN B. CAREY ◽

STEVEN C. RICKE

Keyword(s):

Salmonella Typhimurium ◽

Uv Radiation ◽

Uv Light ◽

The Other ◽

Uv Exposure ◽

Microbial Populations ◽

Aerobic Bacteria ◽

Fluorescent Light ◽

Uv Treatment ◽

Shell Eggs

The effects were investigated of 254-nm UV radiation on populations of Salmonella typhimurium, aerobes, and molds on the shells of eggs. In the first experiment, the CFU of attached S. typhimurium cells on unwashed clean shell eggs were determined after 0, 1, 3, 5, and 7 min of UV treatment (620 μW/cm2) on both ends of the egg. All UV treatments significantly reduced S. typhimurium CFU (P < .01). UVtreatment (620 μW/cm2) in 1-min alternating light and dark cycles for 5 min (three light and two dark) was compared to 0, 3, and 5 min of UV treatment. No significant differences in microbial populations were observed among light and dark cycles and the other UV treatments. In a subsequent experiment, the same UV treatments were utilized to evaluate photoreactivation. After UV exposure, eggs were exposed to 1 h of fluorescent light or I h of darkness or cultured immediately. S. typhimurium CFU were significantly (P < .01) reduced by the UV treatments. However, no significant differences between microbial populations exposed to UV treatment and UV radiation plus photoreactivation were detected. For studies of aerobic bacteria and molds, different UV treatment times (0, 15, and 30 min) at the intensity of 620 μW/cm2 and different intensities (620, 1350, and 1720 μW/cm2) for 15 min were evaluated. Mold CFU per egg were either 0 or 1 for all UV treatments and a 99% reduction of CFU of aerobic bacteria per egg were observed for all UV treatments. It appears from these studies that UV light can significantly reduce populations of S. typhimurium, aerobes, and molds on shell eggs.

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Facile fabrication of polyvinyl alcohol-based hydrophobic, fluorescent film via Hantzsch reaction for broadband UV protection

Materials Horizons ◽

10.1039/d1mh01783g ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Hongchen Liu ◽

Hongying Yang ◽

Kunkun Zhu ◽

Fang Peng ◽

Lei Guo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽

Chemical Modification ◽

Human Health ◽

Uv Light ◽

Uv Protection ◽

Hantzsch Reaction ◽

Uv Absorbers ◽

Traditional Preparation ◽

Facile Fabrication

Excessive exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light is harmful to human health. However, the traditional preparation of anti-UV films through doping UV absorbers is unstable. Chemical modification of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)...

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Effect of ascorbic acid on incidence of spontaneous mammary tumors and UV-light-induced skin tumors in mice

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition ◽

10.1093/ajcn/54.6.1252s ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 54 (6) ◽

pp. 1252S-1255S ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

L Pauling

Keyword(s):

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Uv Light ◽

Mammary Tumors ◽

Skin Tumors

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Fluorescent light-Activated Flavor in Milk1

Journal of Milk and Food Technology ◽

10.4315/0022-2747-38.7.388 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 38 (7) ◽

pp. 388-392 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

A. P. HANSEN ◽

L. G. TURNER ◽

L. W. AURAND

Keyword(s):

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Light Exposure ◽

Fluorescent Light ◽

Lighting System ◽

Off Flavors ◽

Flavor Development ◽

Fluid Milk

Homogenized milk packaged in polyethylene containers exposed to fluorescent lights showed flavor and vitamin deterioration. Off-flavor development began within 2 to 4 h after exposure to a lighting system simulating commercial display cases. Detection of light-induced flavor was slight, medium, and strong after 4, 7 and 24 h of exposure. Decreases in riboflavin and ascorbic acid were directly proportional to the amount of light exposure. Various types of colored lamps and lamp filters were tested to prevent this off-flavor and vitamin degradation in milk. Yellow lamps or yellow and green filters protected milk from off-flavor development for 30 to 40 h. It is evident that light-induced off-flavors and vitamin destruction in fluid milk packaged in polyethylene containers can be reduced by colored lamps and lamp filters.

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Bioactive Compounds, Vitamins and Minerals Composition of Freeze-dried Grewia asiatica L. (Phalsa) Pulp and Seed Powder

Asian Journal of Dairy and Food Research ◽

10.18805/ajdfr.dr-1474 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 38 (03) ◽

Author(s):

Kiran Bala ◽

Aradhita Barmanray

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Vitamin A ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Functional Foods ◽

Total Phenols ◽

Total Anthocyanin ◽

Freeze Dried ◽

Total Anthocyanins ◽

Β Carotene

Present study was directed to analyze and compare the bioactive compounds (total phenols, total anthocyanins), vitamins (ascorbic acid, β-carotene, vitamin A), minerals including Ca, Mg, Na, P, K, Fe, Cu, Zn, Co, Mn and heavy metals (Cd, Hg, Pb) of freeze-dried (lyophilized) phalsa pulp and seed powder. In lyophilized pulp powder (LPP) higher amount of total phenols (78.11 mg/100g), total anthocyanin (82.94 mg/100g), ascorbic acid (5.21 mg/100g), β-carotene (0.54 µg/100g), vitamin A (0.89 I.U.) were observed than lyophilized seed powder (LSP). Na, K, Mg and Co (0.41, 0.39, 1.08, 0.46 mg/100g, respectively) were higher in LPP as compared to LSP (0.29, 0.11, 0.76 and 0.40 mg/100g, respectively) whereas, Ca, P and Cu were detected more in LSP. This study opens the prospect of using dry phalsa powder in the preparation of various nutraceutical and functional foods for their therapeutic as well as prophylactic purposes.

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EFFECT OF SOIL AND GROWTH CLIMATIC CONDITIONS ON VITAMIN CONTENT OF RED CLOVER (Trifolium pratense L.)

Journal of Experimental Biology and Agricultural Sciences ◽

10.18006/2020.8(spl-2-aabas).s292.s297 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (Spl-2-AABAS) ◽

pp. S292-S297

Author(s):

Alexander Leonidovich Mikhailov ◽

◽

Olga Arnoldovna Timofeeva ◽

Uliana Aleksandrovna Ogorodnova ◽

Nikita Sergeevich Stepanov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Vitamin A ◽

Trifolium Pratense ◽

Red Clover ◽

Ascorbic Acid Content ◽

Southern Taiga ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Deciduous Forests ◽

Vitamin Content ◽

Trifolium Pratense L

The current study was conducted to estimate the effect of soil and growth climatic conditions on the vitamin content of red clover (Trifolium pratense L.). Further, in vitamins, the content of ascorbic acid and vitamin A (provitamin – carotene) was estimated from the aerial parts of the clover. Ascorbic acid is a powerful antioxidant, antiviral, and antitumor vitamin while vitamin A is a useful vitamin for eyesight. Ascorbic acid content in the red clover tissues was determining potassium hexacyanoferrate method while Provitamin A and total carotenoid was estimated by spectrophotometric method. Results of the study revealed that the highest content of vitamins C was found in the plant grown under the climatic conditions of the southern taiga subzone of the Atninsky and in the zone of deciduous forests (Apastovsky and Kamsko-Ustinsky districts) while the plant is grown under the coniferous-deciduous forests (Zelenodolsky district) climatic conditions are a rich source of vitamin A. From the results of the study, it can conclude the soil and growing conditions especially temperature regime and soil moisture affected the level of vitamins in red clover.

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