The Microbiological Quality of Honey as Determined by Aerobic Colony Counts

1993 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 336-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOSEP SERRA BONVEHI ◽  
ROSSEND ESCOLÁ JORDÁ
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Filter ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Filter Method ◽  
Filter Methods ◽  
Plate Counts ◽  
Multifloral Honey ◽  
Plate Count Method ◽  
Membrane Filter Method

The number of mesophilic aerobic colonies was determined in 72 samples of mono- and multifloral honey from various sources by the plate count and the membrane filter methods. The presence of motile colonies made the plate counts unreliable. The microorganism producing these colonies was identified as Bacillus alvei. Colony counts could only be carried out in 27 of the samples when using the plate count method, while with the membrane filter method the number of colonies was counted in all the samples.

Impedance Measurement as an Alternative to the Plate Count Method for Estimating the Total Count of Bacteria in Raw Milk

1987 ◽  
Vol 50 (8) ◽  
pp. 665-668 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. F. J. NIEUWENHOF ◽  
J. D. HOOLWERF
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Impedance Measurement ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Impedance Method ◽  
Count Method ◽  
Plate Counts ◽  
Plate Count Method

An improved impedance method is described with a good standard deviation of repeatability (sm = 0.05 log unit) and a fair standard deviation of the estimate of the plate count from the detection time [(sy)x = 0.33 log unit]. Compared with the standard deviation of repeatability of the plate count method (0.07 log unit), the standard deviation of repeatability of the impedance method described is a significant improvement. The impedimetric experiments were done with a Bactometer M123. The detection times as measured by this instrument were compared with the plate counts at 30°C for samples of raw refrigerated farm milk. With this technique a good indication of the microbiological quality of raw milk can be obtained within 15 h.

Hydrophobic Grid Membrane Filter Method for Aerobic Plate Count in Foods: Collaborative Study

1986 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 671-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phyllis Entis ◽  
◽  
J Allen ◽  
A Bhatnagar ◽  
A Brouwer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Filter ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Filter Method ◽  
Membrane Filter Method ◽  
Aerobic Plate Count ◽  
Egg Powder ◽  
Raw Poultry ◽  
Whole Egg

Abstract Twenty-one laboratories participated in a collaborative study to validate a hydrophobic grid membrane filter (HGMF) method for aerobic plate count by comparing its performance against the AOAC/APHA pour plate method. Raw milk, raw poultry, whole egg powder, flours, and spices were included in the study. Counts obtained by the HGMF and pour plate methods did not differ significantly, except in the case of whole egg powder, for which the HGMF method produced significantly higher counts. The hydrophobic grid membrane filter method for aerobic plate count in foods has been adopted official first action.

SHORT-TIME MEMBRANE FILTER METHOD FOR ESTIMATION OF NUMBERS OF BACTERIA1

1968 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 177-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. C. Frazier ◽  
D. F. Gneiser
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Filter ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Filter Method ◽  
Good Recovery ◽  
Green Beans ◽  
Pure Cultures ◽  
Viable Bacteria ◽  
Membrane Filter Method ◽  
Short Time

Directions are given for the 8- to 12-hr membrane filter-colony technique for the estimation of numbers of viable bacteria in rinsings or swabbings from the surfaces of foods or equipment. Tests on 6 species of bacteria often found in foods demonstrated good recovery of organisms from pure cultures or mixtures of 2 or 3 cultures. Tests with dairy rinses and fresh green beans and sweet com gave counts almost as high as by the 48-hr plate, count. Results with frozen or blanched and frozen beans and corn and with chlorinated flume waters were unsatisfactory.

scholarly journals Microbiological quality of feed materials used between 2009 and 2012 in Poland

2013 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 535-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Kukier ◽  
Magdalena Goldsztejn ◽  
Tomasz Grenda ◽  
Krzysztof Kwiatek ◽  
Łukasz Bocian
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Aerobic Bacteria ◽  
The Past ◽  
Total Plate Count ◽  
Food And Feed ◽  
Plate Counts ◽  
Materials Used

Abstract The study was conducted at all regional veterinary diagnostic laboratories. Feed materials were examined for Salmonella prevalence and contamination by Enterobacteriaceae, aerobic mesophilic bacteria, total plate count, fungi, Clostridium sp., and Bacillus cereus. Assays were done following international and Polish standards used in food and feed microbiology. Salmonella sp. were most often detected in oil seeds. In most of the examined feed ingredients, the number of Enterobacteriaceae did not exceed 10 cfu/g. The contamination by aerobic bacteria ranged most often from 101to 107 cfu/g, and the highest mycological contamination was noted in cereal grains (108 cfu/g). The results showed that microbial contamination of feed materials in regard to Enterobacteriaceae, fungi, and total plate counts declined over the past years.

scholarly journals Rapid Microbiological Assessment in Raw Milk: Validation of a Rapid Alternative Method for the Assessment of Microbiological Quality in Raw Milk

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1186
Author(s):  
Nicla Marri ◽  
Francesca Losito ◽  
Loris Le Boffe ◽  
Gilberto Giangolini ◽  
Simonetta Amatiste ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Biological Survey ◽  
Alternative Method ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Plate Count Method

The consumption of dairy products and the dairy industry are one of the main global agri-food sectors for its size, economic importance, and level of technology. Microbiological quality of pasteurized milk or other milk products is dependent on microbiological quality of raw milk. A variety of microbiological count methods is available for monitoring the hygienic quality of raw milk. Among them, the pour plate method is the official essay for counting the number of colony-forming units in milk samples according to International Organization for Standardization (ISO) No. 4833-1:2013. The aim of the present study is the validation of the Micro Biological Survey (MBS) method, against the reference plate-count method, for the assessment of the microbiological quality of raw milk. This comparative study, performed in collaboration with the Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana M. Aleandri (IZSLT), demonstrates the accuracy of this alternative method for the determination of total viable bacterial count in cow’s raw milk. The results obtained with the MBS method highlight its potential as a valid tool for reliable microbiological analysis in dairy industries.

Cook/Chill Foodservice Systems: Microbiological Quality of Beef Loaf at Five Process Stages

1978 ◽  
Vol 41 (10) ◽  
pp. 788-793 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. DAHL ◽  
M. E. MATTHEWS ◽  
E. H. MARTH
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Heating ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Heat Processing ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Point Temperature ◽  
End Point ◽  
Plate Counts ◽  
End Point Temperature ◽  
Initial Heat

Preparation and service of hot entrees in hospital cook/chill foodservice systems require two heat processes. After preparation and mixing, beef loaves composed of ground beef and eggs were heat-processed initially to end-point temperatures of 45, 60, 75, or 90 C in a convection oven operating at 121 ± 6 C; stored 24 h at 6 ± 1 C; portioned into 100-g slices; and single portions were microwave-heated to ⩾ 74 C. Four heat treatments of beef loaves were compared to a fifth treatment which excluded initial heating. Quality of beef loaf was evaluated by mesophilic and psychrotrophic aerobic plate counts, coliform counts, streptococcal counts and pH. Microbial reductions caused by handling and processing were: aerobic mesophilic plate count, 88 to 99%; psychrotrophic aerobic plate count and coliform count, ⩾ 99%; and streptococcal count, 71–99%. Increasing end-point temperature of initial heat processing consistently (P ⩽ 0.05) decreased mesophilic and psychrotrophic aerobic plate counts. Coliform counts and streptococcal counts did not show a statistical relationship to end-point temperature of initial heat processing. No statistically significant differences existed in any microbiological counts among five treatments of beef loaf portions after microwave-heating. Varying end-point temperature of initial processing had no consistent statistical effect on the pH of beef portions. Temperatures of ⩾ 74 C for microwave-heating of beef portions after chilled storage and before service are strongly recommended since chilling 5000 g of beef loaf to ⩽ 7 C required 10 to 14 h at 6 C.

scholarly journals Rapid Microbiological Assessment in Raw Milk. Validation of a Rapid Alternative Method for the Assessment of Microbiological Quality in Raw Milk.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicla Marri ◽  
Francesca Losito ◽  
Loris Le Boffe ◽  
Gilberto Giangolini ◽  
Simonetta Amatiste ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Biological Survey ◽  
Alternative Method ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Plate Count Method

The consumption of dairy products and the dairy industry is one of the main global agro-food sectors for size, economic importance and level of technology. Microbiological quality of pasteurized milk or other milk products is dependent on microbiological quality of raw milk. A variety of microbiological count methods is available for monitoring the hygienic quality of raw milk. Among them, the pour plate method is the official essay for counting the number of colony forming units in milk samples according to ISO 4833-1:2013. The aim of the present study is the validation of the Micro Biological Survey (MBS) method, against the reference plate count method, for the assessment of the microbiological quality of raw milk. This comparative study, performed in collaboration with the “Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana M. Aleandri” (IZSLT), demonstrates the accuracy of this alternative method for the determination of total viable bacterial count in cow’s raw milk. The results obtained with the MBS method highlighting its potential as a valid tool for reliable microbiological analysis in dairy industries.

Microbiological Properties of Hard-Cooked Eggs in a Citric Acid-Based Preservative Solution

1985 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. FISCHER ◽  
D. L. FLETCHER ◽  
N. A. COX ◽  
J. S. BAILEY
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Test Organisms ◽  
Plate Counts ◽  
Aerobic Plate Count ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

Hard-cooked and peeled eggs were placed in .5, .75 or 1.0% citric acid solutions (with .2% sodium benzoate) and held at 4°C for 30 d (experiment 1), or in .75% acid and held at 4°C for 21 d (experiment 2) to allow equilibration. Following equilibration, the solutions were sampled for pH and total plate counts and then inoculated with either 10 or 10,000 cells each of Salmonella typhimurium, Yersinia enterocolitica, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The eggs were stored for an additional 10 d at 4°C (experiment 1) or for 10 and 24 d at either 1.2, 7.2 or 12.8°C (experiment 2) before sampling for pH, aerobic plate count, total Enterobacteriaceae and each of the individual inoculated test organisms. No growth was detected in the solutions following the 30- and 21-d equilibration periods. The .75% citric acid solution was adequate in reducing the bacterial population and retarding growth of the inoculated organisms. Storage temperature appeared to have little influence on growth of inoculated organisms. Results indicate that the microbiological quality of hard-cooked eggs stored in citric acid based solutions was more dependent on acid concentration than on temperature in resisting bacterial growth following potential recontamination.

Collaborative study of the MPN, Anderson–Baird-Parker direct plating, and hydrophobic grid-membrane filter methods for the enumeration of Escherichia coli biotype I in foods

1983 ◽  
Vol 29 (10) ◽  
pp. 1247-1252 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N. Sharpe ◽  
M. K. Rayman ◽  
D. M. Burgener ◽  
D. Conley ◽  
A. Loit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Membrane Filter ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Filter Method ◽  
Green Beans ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Direct Plating ◽  
Filter Methods ◽  
Membrane Filter Method

Five Health Protection Branch laboratories compared two membrane filter methods (the Anderson–Baird-Parker direct plating, and a hydrophobic grid-membrane filter method) against the most probable number procedure (MPN) for enumerating Escherichia coli biotype I in foods. Results were available in 24 h by both membrane filter methods, compared with 10–14 days by the MPN procedure. For ground beef, Parmesan cheese, and cut green beans, the hydrophobic grid method generally gave the highest recovery, although the two membrane filter methods were not significantly different. Both these methods gave significantly higher recoveries than the MPN procedure, and for most foods, either method would be preferable. Further work is required before either membrane filter method can be recommended for bean and alfalfa sprouts, which may contain very high levels of Klebsiella spp.

Isolation and distribution of oligotrophic marine bacteria

1977 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 981-987 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Akagi ◽  
N. Taga ◽  
U. Simidu
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Filter ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Filter Method ◽  
Bacterial Counts ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
Oligotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Open Sea ◽  
Nutrient Environment ◽  
Plate Counts ◽  
Membrane Filter Method

A useful plate culture method for isolating oligotrophic bacteria found in the low-nutrient environment of the open sea has been developed. The method uses a glass-fiber filter substitute for agar. Nutritional requirements of oligotrophic bacteria consisted of a dilute nutrient solution containing 16.8 mg C/ℓ total organic carbon aseptically added to the sterilized filter. Distribution of bacteria in oceanic and neritic seawater was determined using the membrane filter method. In the case of seawater containing less than 0.5 mg/ℓ dissolved carbohydrates, plate counts of oligotrophic bacteria were found to be several- to 100-fold greater than the heterotrophic bacterial counts enumerated by standard methods routinely used for enumeration. However, in seawater containing approximately over 0.5 mg/ℓ dissolved carbohydrates, heterotrophic bacterial counts were 10-fold greater than oligotrophic bacterial counts.

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