Concentrations and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Tissues of Walleye Pollock (Gadus chalcogrammus) Captured from the Northeastern Coast of Korea

2019 ◽  
Vol 82 (5) ◽  
pp. 903-909
Author(s):  
DONG-WOON HWANG ◽  
KILBO SHIM ◽  
CHUNG IL LEE
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Walleye Pollock ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Regulatory Limits ◽  
Zn Concentration ◽  
Daily Intakes ◽  
Northeastern Coast ◽  
Estimated Daily Intakes

ABSTRACT Concentrations of the heavy metals arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), and zine (Zn) were measured in muscle, liver, and gonads of walleye pollock (Gadus chalcogrammus) caught in waters off the northeastern coast of Korea. Zn concentration was the highest in the three tissues, and all heavy metals, except Hg, were selectively accumulated in liver relative to muscle and gonads. The metal concentrations in muscle and gonads, except Cd and Zn in some gonad samples, were below the national and international regulatory limits set by various countries and by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. The estimated daily intakes of heavy metals were in the range of 0.003 to 1.341% of the provisional maximum tolerable daily intakes, and the hazard quotients of the heavy metals were less than 1.0. Our results suggest that the intake of heavy metals by the consumption of G. chalcogrammus does not have significant adverse effects on health. HIGHLIGHTS

scholarly journals DERMAL ABSORPTION OF DIQUAT AND POTENTIAL OCCUPATIONAL RISK

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (7) ◽  
pp. 1459-1464
Author(s):  
Tatyana O. Yastrub ◽  
Sergii T. Omelchuk ◽  
Andrii M. Yastrub
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
European Union ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Dermal Absorption ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Association Agreement ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
High Level

The aim: The toxicological-hygienic assessment of dermal absorption of diquat in terms of potential risk of its bioavailability in professional use. Materials and methods: The object of the study was cutaneous exposure of diquat, determined in toxicological experiments of different duration (data of scientific literature) and at the stage of state testing of pesticide preparations based on diquat dibromide (data of a full-scale hygiene experiment, prognostic model of risk assessment), the technical concentrate of diquat dibromide (active substance content not less than 377 g / kg) contains relevant supplements, the content of which is regulated by the Food and Agriculture Organization. Results and conclusions: Due to the high risk of the diquat adverse effects affecting the personnel, general public and environment, the European Union has introduced administrative decisions to forbid plant protection products containing the diquat. Fulfillment of the conditions of the Association Agreement between Ukraine and the European Union indicates the need to develop common regulations and risk assessment methods aimed at ensuring high level of protection of human health and the environment.

Microbiological Risk Assessment in Developing Countries

2004 ◽  
Vol 67 (9) ◽  
pp. 2016-2023 ◽  
Author(s):  
SARAH M. CAHILL ◽  
JEAN-LOUIS R. JOUVE
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Objective Evaluation ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization

Microbiological risk assessment (MRA) has been evolving at the national and international levels as a systematic and objective approach for evaluating information pertaining to microbiological hazards in foods and the risks they pose. This process has been catalyzed by international food trade requirements to base sanitary measures on sound scientific evidence and appropriate risk assessments. All countries, including developing countries, need to understand and use MRA. MRA is resource intensive, as has been demonstrated by some of the the assessments undertaken in industrialized countries. However, when used in the appropriate circumstances MRA offers many benefits. The process of undertaking MRA improves the understanding of key issues, enables an objective evaluation of risk management options, and provides a scientific justification for actions. Although the gap between developing countries and some industrialized countries is quite extensive with regard to MRA, many developing countries recognize the need to at least understand and move toward using MRA. This process requires development of infrastructure and enhancement of scientific and technical expertise while making optimal use of limited resources. International organizations, such as the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, are in a position to provide countries with guidance, training, information resources, and technical assistance to develop and/or strengthen food safety infrastructure. Enhanced cooperation and collaboration at all levels are needed for such efforts to be successful and to ensure that MRA, as a food safety tool, is available to all countries.

Determination of Selected Heavy Metal Concentrations in Water Spinach (Ipomea aquatica)

2021 ◽  
Vol 1025 ◽  
pp. 279-283
Author(s):  
Wan Noni Afida Ab Manan ◽  
Nursyamimi Zulkurnain
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
World Health ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Water Spinach ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Health Organization

Vegetables are essential in human diet but unfortunately it may also contribute to heavy metals’ consumption. High consumption of water spinach may cause harmful health effects due to contamination by heavy metals. Two different parts of water spinach (Ipomea aquatica), namely: i) leaves and, ii) stem were collected from markets around Bandar Pusat Jengka and UiTM area to determine and compare selected metals’ (Mn, Cu, Zn and Pb) concentrations to the standard permissible limit set by Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and World Health Organization (WHO). The samples were prepared by wet digestion using a mixture of HNO3 and H2O2 and then analysed using Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES). Heavy metals’ concentration ranges were recorded as follow; 0.130 – 9.410 mg/kg for Mn, 0.120 – 0.330 mg/kg for Cu, 0.200 – 2.470 mg/kg for Zn and 0.003 – 0.210 mg/kg for Pb. Concentration of Mn was higher than other metals. All concentrations of selected metals were below the maximum standard set by FAO/WHO except for leaves in sample A. Nevertheless, it should be noted that consuming the I. aquatica for a long time with excess amount of heavy metals may contribute to health effects.

Daily Intakes of THbutyltin and THphenyltin Compounds from Meals

1995 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 941-943 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taizo Tsuda ◽  
Tomohiro Inoue ◽  
Mihoko Kojima ◽  
Shigeru Aoki
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
World Health ◽  
Market Basket ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Duplicate Portion ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Daily Intakes

Abstract Daily intakes of tributyltin (TBT) and triphenyltin (TPT) compounds from meals in Shiga Prefecture, Japan, were investigated by 2 methods. Daily intakes of TBT and TPT by the duplicate portion method were, respectively, 4.7 and 0.7 μg in 1991 and 2.2 and 0.7 μg in 1992. Those by the market basket method were, respectively, 6.9 and 5.4 μg in 1991 and 6.7 and 1.3 μg in 1992. Daily intakes of TBT and TPT by the market basket method were higher than those by the duplicate portion method. These values were considerably lower than acceptable daily intakes of 80 μg/50 kg body weight specified by the Welfare Ministry of Japan for bis(tri-n-butyltin) oxide and of 25 μg/50 kg body weight specified by the Food and Agriculture Organization/ World Health Organization for TPT.

scholarly journals A study of Irrigation Water Pollution By Some Heavy Metals in Baghdad Governorate

2021 ◽  
Vol 910 (1) ◽  
pp. 012091
Author(s):  
Ali Akram Abdulateef ◽  
Kadhim M. Naser
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Critical Limits

Abstract A study of irrigation water was conducted Baghdad city to find out extent of its pollution by some heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Ni, Co, CU, Cr, Zn and Fe). Water samples were collected randomly from different sources (river, well and stream). Results showed that the concentration of studied heavy metals were as follows: Lead between 0.43-11.75 mg L-1, Cadmium between 0.01-0.95 mg L-1, Nickel between 0.008-0.46 mg L-1, Cobalt between Nil - 0.185 mg L-1, Copper is between 0.326 - 1.58 mg L-1, Chromium is between Nil-0.068 mg L-1, Zinc 0.398-1.182 mg L-1, as for Iron between 0.794 - 3.253 mg L-1, and high concentrations of heavy metals were in all samples, The most sites were higher than a critical limits permitted by the International Food and Agriculture Organization.

scholarly journals Heavy metal contamination and health risk assessment of mechanically milled delicacy called fufu

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marian Asantewah Nkansah ◽  
Patrica-Ivy Agorsor ◽  
Francis Opoku
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Human Exposure ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
World Health ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Questionnaire Administration ◽  
Contaminated Food ◽  
Exposure Routes ◽  
Health Organization

AbstractContamination of food by heavy metals is a concern as consumption of contaminated food is one of the most likely human exposure routes to metals. Fufu is a delicacy in Ghana consumed mainly by the Akans. Human exposure to some heavy metals (Cr, Fe, Zn, Mn and Ni) through mechanically processed fufu consumption was analysed by atomic absorption spectrophotometer and ascertaining consumer awareness of potential exposure by questionnaire administration. A total of 30 milled and un-milled fufu samples (cassava and plantain) were sampled from Bomso, Kotei, Ayeduase, Ayigya and Kentikrono, all within Kumasi. The results showed that Fe and Zn levels after milling were elevated in the range: 2.816–7.297 and 0.753–7.529 mg/kg, respectively. The concentrations of Fe and Zn were below the Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization (FAO/WHO) permissible limits except Zn concentration at Bomso. Cr, Mn and Ni were below the detection limit (0.05). Hazard quotients and indices were less than the US Environmental Protection Agency’s permitted level of one, indicating no possible harm to consumers. Findings from the questionnaire administration indicated a complete lack of knowledge on consumer exposure due to the food processing method.

HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT OF ARSENIC AND OTHER HEAVY METALS FROM VEGETABLES GROWN IN BANGLISH VILLAGE, BANGLADESH

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (03n04) ◽  
pp. 287-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
JEBUNNAHAR KHANDAKAR ◽  
MD. SHAFIQUL ISLAM ◽  
TSUYOSHI NAKAMURA ◽  
KOICHIRO SERA ◽  
TOSHIHIRO TAKATSUJI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
World Health ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Tube Wells ◽  
Significant Pathway ◽  
Health Organization

Intake of heavy metals from contaminated agricultural products represents a significant pathway for human exposure. Banglish village in the Comilla district is one of the most devastated arsenic (As) contaminated areas in Bangladesh. This study focus whether As is solely responsible for causing arsenicosis or whether some other heavy metals have a synergistic effect on the toxicity of As . The study sampled various leafy and non-leafy vegetables and groundwaters were analyzed by using the Proton Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) method. The results revealed that both the vegetables and the groundwater were highly contaminated with As and lead (Pb) , although the contents in the vegetables and the groundwater varied depending on species and tube wells. As and Pb concentrations in the edible part of all tested vegetables and in groundwater exceeded the permissible intake levels of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the World Health Organization (WHO). The findings inferred that the inhabitants of the study area are experiencing health risks resulting from the intake of As and Pb , and that Pb might have a synergistic role with As by aggravating the arsenicosis. The potential health risks due to Pb is being reported for the first time in Bangladesh.

scholarly journals Titanium, Zinc, Lead, Chromium, Cadmium, Cobalt and Copper Concentrations in Vegetables Produced using Wastewater in Urban and Peri-Urban Areas of Nairobi City County, Kenya

2021 ◽  
pp. 102-118
Author(s):  
David K. Rono ◽  
Jacob W. Wakhungu
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
World Health ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Titanium Zinc

Vegetables are rich sources of vitamins, minerals and fibres. Ingestion of vegetables contaminated with heavy metals is one of the main routes through which heavy metals enter the human body and may cause diseases. In this study we investigated the concentrations of titanium, zinc, lead, chromium, cadmium, cobalt and copper in the commonly produced vegetables viz. Brassica sp.,Spinacia oleracea, Amaranthus sp. and Solanum sp. using wastewater in Ruai ward, Nairobi City County, Kenya. Atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) was used to estimate the levels of these metals in vegetables sampled from five plots in the study area. The concentration status for each heavy metal in the samples was compared with the permissible levels for corresponding heavy metals set by the Food and Agriculture Organization and World Health Organization. Our findings indicated the presence of Ti, Zn, Cr and Cu in all the vegetable samples and their concentrations varied considerably, while Pb, Cd and Co were not detected in most samples. The presence of heavy metals in vegetables was in the order of Pb > Cd > Co > Cu > Cr > Zn > Ti. We concluded that vegetables produced using wastewater had elevated levels of the investigated heavy metals at the time of analysis beyond FAO/ WHO safe limits for corresponding metals in leafy vegetables.

scholarly journals Distribution of Major and Trace Elements in a Tropical Hydroelectric Reservoir in Sarawak, Malaysia

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siong Fong Sim ◽  
Teck Yee Ling ◽  
Lee Nyanti ◽  
Terri Zhuan Ean Lee ◽  
Nurul Aida Lu Mohd Irwan Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Aquatic Plant ◽  
Contamination Factor ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Major And Trace Elements ◽  
Fish Feed ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Hydroelectric Reservoir ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization

This paper reports the metals content in water, sediment, macroalgae, aquatic plant, and fish of Batang Ai Hydroelectric Reservoir in Sarawak, Malaysia. The samples were acid digested and subjected to atomic absorption spectrometry analysis for Na, K, Mn, Cr, Ni, Zn, Mg, Fe, Sn, Al, Ca, As, Se, and Hg. The total Hg content was analysed on the mercury analyser. Results showed that metals in water, sediment, macroalgae, aquatic plant, and fish are distinguishable, with sediment and biota samples more susceptible to metal accumulation. The distributions of heavy metals in water specifically Se, Sn, and As could have associated with the input of fish feed, boating, and construction activities. The accumulation of heavy metals in sediment, macroalgae, and aquatic plant on the other hand might be largely influenced by the redox conditions in the aquatic environment. According to the contamination factor and the geoaccumulation index, sediment in Batang Ai Reservoir possesses low risk of contamination. The average metal contents in sediment and river water are consistently lower than the literature values reported and well below the limit of various guidelines. For fishes, trace element Hg was detected; however, the concentration was below the permissible level suggested by the Food and Agriculture Organization.

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