The effect of backpack load and gait speed on plantar forces during treadmill walking

2013 ◽  
pp. 217-224
Keyword(s):  
Gait Speed ◽  
Treadmill Walking ◽  
Backpack Load

scholarly journals Gait characteristics in individuals with Parkinson’s disease during 1-minute treadmill walking

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e9463
Author(s):  
Byungjoo Noh ◽  
Changhong Youm ◽  
Myeounggon Lee ◽  
Sang-Myung Cheon
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Step Length ◽  
Treadmill Walking ◽  
Measurement Unit ◽  
Gait Characteristics ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Axial Acceleration ◽  
Spatiotemporal Parameters

Background No previous study has examined the age-dependent characteristics of gait in individuals between 50 and 79 years simultaneously in healthy individuals and individuals with Parkinson’s disease (PD) over continuous gait cycles. This study aimed to investigate age-related differences in gait characteristics on individuals age ranged 50–79 years, including individuals with PD, during a 1-minute treadmill walking session. Additionally, we aimed to investigate the differences associated with spatiotemporal gait parameters and PD compared in age-matched individuals. Methods This study included 26 individuals with PD and 90 participants age ranged 50–79 years. The treadmill walking test at a self-preferred speed was performed for 1 min. The embedded inertial measurement unit sensor in the left and right outsoles-based system was used to collect gait characteristics based on tri-axial acceleration and tri-axial angular velocities. Results Participants aged >60 years had a decreased gait speed and shortened stride and step, which may demonstrate a distinct shift in aging (all p < 0.005). Individuals with PD showed more of a decrease in variables with a loss of consistency, including gait asymmetry (GA), phase coordination index (PCI) and coefficient of variation (CV) of all variables, than age-matched individuals (all p < 0.001). Gait speed, stride and step length, stance phase, variability, GA and PCI were the variables that highly depended on age and PD. Discussion Older adults could be considered those older than 60 years of age when gait alterations begin, such as a decreased gait speed as well as shortened stride and step length. On the other hand, a loss of consistency in spatiotemporal parameters and a higher GA and PCI could be used to identify individuals with PD. Thus, the CV of all spatiotemporal parameters, GA and PCI during walking could play an important role and be useful in identifying individuals with PD. Conclusion This study provided the notable aging pattern characteristics of gait in individuals >50 years, including individuals with PD. Increasing age after 60 years is associated with deterioration in spatiotemporal parameters of gait during continuous 1-minute treadmill walking. Additionally, GA, PCI and the CV of all variables could be used to identify PD which would be placed after 70 years of age. It may be useful to determine the decline of gait performance in general and among individuals with PD.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of a Treadmill Training Programme in Improving the Postural Balance on Institutionalized Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Natalia Moya Pereira ◽  
Marcel Jean Pierre Massè Araya ◽  
Marcos Eduardo Scheicher
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Postural Balance ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Treadmill Walking ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Before And After

Background. Institutionalized older adults have increased gait and balance impairment compared with community-dwelling older adults. The use of the treadmill for the rehabilitation process has been studied in different groups, but not in the institutionalized elderly. Objectives. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of a treadmill walking workout program on the postural balance of institutionalized older adults. Methods. Postural balance was assessed by the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), gait speed, and Timed Up and Go Test (TUG) on 37 institutionalized older adults (23 in the intervention group and 14 in the control group). Training consisted of a 20-minute treadmill walking workout carried out twice a week for 10 weeks. Measurements were obtained before and after 10 weeks and with 1 month of follow-up for the intervention group. For the control group, the data were obtained before and after the training period. Results. Significant improvement occurred in all motor function parameters (BBS: p<0.01; gait speed: p<0.001; SPPB: p<0.001; and TUG: p<0.001). Conclusions. The present results permit us to conclude that a treadmill walking program had positive effects on the postural balance of institutionalized older adults.

Entrainment of chewing rhythm by gait speed during treadmill walking in humans

2020 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 88-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hitoshi Maezawa ◽  
Satoko Koganemaru ◽  
Masao Matsuhashi ◽  
Masayuki Hirata ◽  
Makoto Funahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gait Speed ◽  
Treadmill Walking

scholarly journals A Pilot Study of Partial Unweighted Treadmill Training in Mobility-Impaired Older Adults

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Peterson ◽  
Nanyamka Williams ◽  
Kevin Caves ◽  
Miriam C. Morey
Keyword(s):  
Gait Speed ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Summary Score ◽  
Treadmill Walking ◽  
Treadmill Training ◽  
Weight Support ◽  
Mobility Assessment ◽  
Speed Performance ◽  
Mobility Impaired ◽  
And Function

Background. Partial unweighted treadmill training is a potentially effective modality for improving fitness and function in frail elders. We tested the feasibility of partial unweighted treadmill training in older, mobility-impaired veterans.Methods. Eight mobility-impaired elders participated in partial unweighted treadmill training three times/week for twelve weeks. Outcome measures included gait speed, performance-oriented mobility assessment (POMA), eight foot up and go, and the SF-36 physical functioning short form.Results. There was significant improvement in treadmill walking time (+8.5 minutes;P<0.001), treadmill walking speed (+0.14 meters/second;P=0.02), and percent of body weight support (−2.2%;P=0.02). Changes in physical performance included usual gait speed (+0.12 meters/second;P=0.001), rapid gait speed (+0.13 meters/second;P=0.01), POMA (+2.4 summary score;P<0.001), and eight foot up and go (−1.2 seconds;P=0.05).Conclusions. Partial unweighted treadmill training is feasible in mobility-impaired elders. Improvements in treadmill training capacity resulted in clinically meaningful improvements in fitness levels and improved mobility.

Influence of the amount of body weight support on lower limb joints’ kinematics during treadmill walking at different gait speeds: Reference data on healthy adults to define trajectories for robot assistance

2018 ◽  
Vol 232 (6) ◽  
pp. 619-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio Ferrarin ◽  
Marco Rabuffetti ◽  
Elisabetta Geda ◽  
Silvia Sirolli ◽  
Alberto Marzegan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Reference Data ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Movement Analysis ◽  
Treadmill Walking ◽  
Body Weight Support ◽  
Locomotor Training ◽  
Weight Support

Several robotic devices have been developed for the rehabilitation of treadmill walking in patients with movement disorders due to injuries or diseases of the central nervous system. These robots induce coordinated multi-joint movements aimed at reproducing the physiological walking or stepping patterns. Control strategies developed for robotic locomotor training need a set of predefined lower limb joint angular trajectories as reference input for the control algorithm. Such trajectories are typically taken from normative database of overground unassisted walking. However, it has been demonstrated that gait speed and the amount of body weight support significantly influence joint trajectories during walking. Moreover, both the speed and the level of body weight support must be individually adjusted according to the rehabilitation phase and the residual locomotor abilities of the patient. In this work, 10 healthy participants (age range: 23–48 years) were asked to walk in movement analysis laboratory on a treadmill at five different speeds and four different levels of body weight support; besides, a trial with full body weight support, that is, with the subject suspended on air, was performed at two different cadences. The results confirm that lower limb kinematics during walking is affected by gait speed and by the amount of body weight support, and that on-air stepping is radically different from treadmill walking. Importantly, the results provide normative data in a numerical form to be used as reference trajectories for controlling robot-assisted body weight support walking training. An electronic addendum is provided to easily access to such reference data for different combinations of gait speeds and body weight support levels.

Split-Belt Treadmill Walking Alters Lower Extremity Frontal Plane Mechanics

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 256-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaimie A. Roper ◽  
Ryan T. Roemmich ◽  
Mark D. Tillman ◽  
Matthew J. Terza ◽  
Chris J. Hass
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Frontal Plane ◽  
Treadmill Walking ◽  
Lower Extremity Injury ◽  
Hip Joints ◽  
Reaction Forces ◽  
Late Adaptation ◽  
Unique Therapy

Interventions that manipulate gait speed may also affect the control of frontal plane mechanics. Expanding the current knowledge of frontal plane adaptations during split-belt treadmill walking could advance our understanding of the influence of asymmetries in gait speed on frontal plane mechanics and provide insight into the breadth of adaptations required by split-belt walking (SBW). Thirteen young, healthy participants, free from lower extremity injury walked on a split-belt treadmill with belts moving simultaneously at different speeds. We examined frontal plane mechanics of the ankle, knee, and hip joints during SBW, as well as medio-lateral ground reaction forces (ML-GRF). We did not observe alterations in the frontal mechanics produced during early or late adaptation of SBW when compared to conditions where the belts moved together. We did observe that ML-GRF and hip moment impulse of the fast limb increased over time with adaptation to SBW. These results suggest this modality may provide a unique therapy for individuals with gait pathologies, impairments, or compensation(s).

scholarly journals Preliminary outcomes of combined treadmill and overground high-intensity interval training in ambulatory chronic stroke

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierce Boyne ◽  
Sarah Doren ◽  
Victoria Scholl ◽  
Emily Staggs ◽  
Dustyn Whitesel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Brain Volume ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Treatment Phase ◽  
Treadmill Walking ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Control Phase ◽  
Treadmill Speed ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Introduction: Locomotor high-intensity interval training (HIIT) is a promising intervention for stroke rehabilitation that typically involves bursts of fast treadmill walking alternated with recovery periods. However, overground translation of treadmill speed gains has been somewhat limited, some important outcomes have not been tested and baseline response predictors are poorly understood. This pilot study aimed to guide future research by assessing preliminary outcomes of combined overground and treadmill HIIT. Methods: Ten participants >6 months post stroke completed a multi-domain assessment battery before and after a 4-week no-intervention control phase, then again after a 4-week treatment phase involving 12 sessions of overground and treadmill HIIT. The primary analyses assessed relative changes in overground and treadmill walking speeds after HIIT, evaluated responsiveness of different outcome measures and estimated effects of baseline gait speed on treatment response. Results: Overground and treadmill gait function both improved during the treatment phase relative to the control phase, with overground speed changes averaging 61% of treadmill speed changes (95% CI: 33-89%). Moderate or larger effect sizes were observed for measures of gait performance, balance, fitness, cognition, fatigue, perceived change and brain volume. Participants with baseline comfortable gait speed <0.4 m/s had less absolute improvement in walking capacity but similar proportional and perceived changes. Discussion: Future locomotor HIIT studies should consider including: 1) both overground and treadmill training; 2) measures of cognition, fatigue and brain volume, to complement typical motor & fitness assessment; and 3) baseline gait speed as a covariate.

scholarly journals Individuals with Parkinson’s Disease Retain Spatiotemporal Gait Control With Music and Metronome Cues

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guneet Chawla ◽  
Madelon Wygand ◽  
Nina Browner ◽  
Michael D Lewek
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Step Length ◽  
Important Change ◽  
Treadmill Walking ◽  
Gait Control ◽  
Auditory Cues ◽  
Experience Difficulty

AbstractBackgroundParkinson’s disease (PD) is marked by a loss of motor automaticity, resulting in decreased control of step length during gait. Rhythmic auditory cues (metronomes or music) may enhance automaticity by adjusting cadence. Both metronomes and music may offer distinct advantages, but prior attempts at quantifying their influence on spatiotemporal aspects of gait have been confounded by altered gait speeds from overground walking. We hypothesized that when gait speed is fixed, individuals with PD would experience difficulty in modifying cadence due to the concomitant requirement to alter step length, with greater changes noted with metronomes compared to music cues.Research QuestionCan a metronome or music promote spatiotemporal adjustments when decoupled from changes in gait speed in individuals with PD?Methods21 participants with PD were instructed to time their steps to a metronome and music cues (at 85%, 100%, and 115% of overground cadence) during treadmill walking. We calculated cadence, cadence accuracy, and step length during each cue condition and an uncued control condition. We compared the various cue frequencies and auditory modalities.ResultsAt fixed gait speeds, participants were able to increase and decrease cadence in response to auditory cues. Music and metronome cues produced comparable results in cadence manipulation with greater cadence errors noted at slower intended frequencies. Nevertheless, the induced cadence changes created a concomitant alteration in step length, with music and metronomes producing comparable changes. Notably, longer step lengths were induced with both music and metronome during slow frequency cueing.SignificanceThis important change conflicts with conventional prescriptive approaches, which advocate for faster cue frequencies, if applied on a treadmill. The music and metronome cues produced comparable changes to gait, suggesting that either cue may be effective at overcoming the shortened step lengths during treadmill walking if slower frequencies are used.

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