Civil society

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean L. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Critical Force ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Political Community ◽  
Formal Economy ◽  
Role Of The State

In modern social and political philosophy civil society has come to refer to a sphere of human activity and a set of institutions outside state or government. It embraces families, churches, voluntary associations and social movements. The contrast between civil society and state was first drawn by eighteenth-century liberals for the purpose of attacking absolutism. Originally the term civil society (in Aristotelian Greek, politike koinonia) referred to a political community of equal citizens who participate in ruling and being ruled. In the twentieth century the separation of philosophy from social sciences, and the greatly expanded role of the state in economic and social life, have seemed to deprive the concept of both its intellectual home and its critical force. Yet, approaching the end of the century, the discourse of civil society is now enormously influential. What explains the concept’s revival? Does it have any application in societies that are not constitutional democracies? From a normative point of view, what distinguishes civil society from both the state and the formal economy?

scholarly journals Implementing Peace Curriculum at Catholic Senior High School in Bali

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agustinus Sumaryono ◽  
Sugiyono Sugiyono
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
The State ◽  
Senior High School ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
State Actors

This research investigates how curriculum has contributed to society, especially in the context of maintaining peace in Indonesia. Unlike former studies that have paid the most attention to the fundamental role of the state actors or civil society, this study emphasizes the importance of school to build peace. This research pays attention to the case of catholic senior high school in Bali. The finding suggests that school can be agent of peace through implement the peace curriculum in school. This study demonstrates that the peace curriculum should be implemented in school to prevent the violence action. Hence, providing space for further discussion about the content of peace curriculum that can be implemented in Indonesia.

Disengagement from the State in Africa: Reflections on the Experience of Ghana and Guinea

1987 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Azarya ◽  
Naomi Chazan
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
The State ◽  
Underlying Assumption ◽  
Center Stage ◽  
Societal Response ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Political Studies ◽  
Cast Doubt ◽  
Gain Access

Few questions have galvanized the attention of observers of African affairs in recent years as forcefully as the performance of the state on the continent. The debate on the nature of the state—its capabilities, weaknesses, external and societal connections, and impact—has come to occupy center stage in the field of African political studies. This overriding preoccupation emanates from the underlying assumption that the state constitutes a superior means for the fulfillment of economic and social aspirations; participation in its activities is deemed beneficial, and various sectors of society strive to associate with its institutions and gain access to its resources. Some recent works have cast doubt on this assumption, however, and the trend in the literature has been shifting towards an emphasis on the diminishing role of the state in African social life. However, even in these new studies the focus has been primarily on the state itself, its difficulties, incapacities, and failures, rather than on societal response to its actions.

scholarly journals A contrarreforma do Estado na ideologia neoestruturalista da Cepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (40) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanda Micheli Burginski
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Forces ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
Structural Capital ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Labor Legislation ◽  
Counter Reformation ◽  
Collective Construction

Resumo – Este artigo explicita a afinidade entre o pensamento neoestruturalista da Cepal e o neoliberalismo, tendo como foco o papel do Estado na acumulação capitalista em face à crise estrutural do capital. O objetivo é trazer os principais elementos teóricos do pensamento estruturalista clássico da Cepal para demonstrar que o neoestruturalismo não se constitui em alternativa ao neoliberalismo. O Estado é acionado para estabelecer a primazia do mercado na definição do desenvolvimento, no sentido de fazer com que as regulações referentes à legislação trabalhista e os direitos sociais sejam reduzidas, em sintonia com as contrarreformas em curso. O programa neoestruturalista não produz enfrentamentos às medidas regressivas que acirram a barbarização da vida social, o que sugere a mobilização de forças sociais para a construção coletiva de um programa de esquerda, de transição para outra sociabilidade. Palavras-Chave: Cepal; neoliberalismo; neoestruturalismo; contrarreforma; Estado.  Abstract – This article explores the affinity between neoestructuralist thinking of ECLAC and neoliberalism, focusing on the role of the state in capitalist accumulation in face of the structural capital crisis. Its goal is to bring the main theoretical elements of classical estructural thinking of ECLAC to demonstrate that neostructuralism does not constitute an alternative to neoliberalism. The state is called upon to establish the defining role of the market primacy in development, in order to ensure that regulations regarding labor legislation and social rights are reduced, in tune with current counter-reformations. The neoestructuralist program does not produce confrontations with regressive measures that aggravate the barbarization of social life, which suggests the mobilization of social forces for the collective construction of a left-wing program, in transition to another type of sociability. Keywords: ECLAC; neoliberalism; neostructuralism; counter-reformation; State.

scholarly journals Der Norden und der Süden: die Rolle des Staates bei der wirtschaftlichen und sozialen Spaltung Italien.

1995 ◽  
Vol 25 (98) ◽  
pp. 111-121
Author(s):  
Isaia Sales
Keyword(s):  
Social Integration ◽  
Social Life ◽  
The State ◽  
The South ◽  
National Unity ◽  
Italian History ◽  
The North ◽  
Role Of The State

The dominating role of the state in the failed economic and social integration of the Mezzogiorno into the modern and developed northern part of the country since the creation of the Italian union is analysed. The mutation of the 'southern' to the'northern question' constitutes one of the most recent phenomena in Italian history which threatens the concept of national unity. Therefore, a new contract between the North and the South is necessary to combat the backwardness of the Mezzogiorno. This also requires a new quality of state and not its withdrawal from social life.

scholarly journals Poverty as a Political Choice: a Comparative Analysis of Reports of the UN Rapporteur’s Visits to the UK and Spain

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Cummins ◽  
Emilio José Gómez-Ciriano
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Social Workers ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThis paper presents a comparative analysis of two reports by the UN Rapporteur on Extreme Poverty and Human Rights, one for Spain and one for the UK. In both countries, austerity policies were introduced following the banking crisis of 2008. The UN Rapporteur reports highlight the damage that was done by welfare retrenchment. In particular, the reports document the impact of austerity on the most vulnerable individuals and communities. The paper uses Somers' (2008) conceptual model of citizenship as the basis for a comparative analysis of two reports. Somers' (2008) model of citizenship is a triadic one which sees the state, market and civil society as competing elements. Each one can serve to regulate and limit the influence or excesses of the other two. Somers argues that neoliberalism has seen the dominance of the market at the expense of the role of the state and the institutions of civil society. Austerity policies saw the market dominating. Having examined the context of the two reports and their conclusions, the paper discussed the implications for individual social workers’ practice and the role of social work as a profession in tackling poverty and marginalisation.

Party plenum strengthens Xi’s grip on China

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Communist Party ◽  
Social Life ◽  
The State ◽  
Senior Leaders ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Political Economic

Subject The Communist Party's recent Fourth Plenum meeting. Significance The Communist Party concluded a five-day meeting of senior leaders on October 31. The meeting, called the ‘Fourth Plenum’, focused on institutional and intra-Party affairs. Press statements that followed were short on policy detail, but the meeting appears to have reaffirmed President Xi Jinping's efforts to place the Party and its ideology at the centre of China's political, economic and social life. Impacts Xi’s grip on the Party appears unassailable. There are no signs of Xi lining up a successor; he looks likely to remain leader for a third term. There are no indications that Beijing will compromise on US demands to reduce the role of the state in industry.

Value Orientations of Russian Youth in Interaction Models between the State and Civil Society

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-117
Author(s):  
Oleg Vladimirovich Lagutin
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Young People ◽  
The State ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
State University ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
State Models ◽  
Multidimensional Methods ◽  
The Relationship

In the context of the formation of civil society in modern Russia with the traditionally significant role of the state, the problem of studying the inclusion of young people in a particular model of the relationship between these two institutions is of particular relevance. This choice will determine a certain type of political system in Russia in the future. The purpose of the study is to identify empirically groups of young people who are determined by the direction of value orientations in public life and their involvement in various models of interaction between the state and civil society. The empirical basis of the study was a project conducted in 2019 by Saint Petersburg State University and Altai State University to study the political consciousness of Russian youth. As a result of using multidimensional methods of analysis, the connection between the involvement of the citizen-state models and the types of value orientations of Russian youth is revealed. Four groups of young people were obtained, stratified by value orientations, the specifics of relations between the state and citizens of our country, and the choice of the preferred type of state to live in.

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