Grupo Andino and its Documents

1988 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-100
Author(s):  
Igor I. Kavass
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Economic Integration ◽  
Investment Policy ◽  
Common Market ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
South American ◽  
Andean Pact ◽  
Trade And Investment

The Grupo Andino (also known as the Andean Common Market (or ANCOM), Acuerdo de Cartagena, and the Andean Pact) is an organization for the economic integration of the five South American countries located in the central and northern parts of the massive Andean mountain range. The present members of the organization are Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Venezuela. Originally, when the Grupo Andino was established by means of a treaty known as the Cartagena Agreement (Acuerdo de Cartagena) in 1969, Chile was one of the founding members, whereas Venezuela abstained from joining the organization until 1973. As Chile began to develop a more flexible foreign trade and investment policy in the middle 1970's than was acceptable to the other Grupo Andino countries, it gradually withdrew from the organization's activities, and finally ceased to be a member in late 1976.

The Role of the Court of Justice of the European Union in the Emerging EU Investment Policy

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 570-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Herrmann
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Investment Policy ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Policy Documents ◽  
Court Of Justice ◽  
Legal Questions ◽  
Investment Agreements ◽  
Trade And Investment

The transfer of an exclusive competence for “foreign direct investment” to the European Union (eu) in the Lisbon Treaty (2009) has raised numerous legal questions and has tasked the eu institutions with developing a policy field almost entirely new to them. One of the matters that requires thorough consideration is the role the Court of Justice of the European Union (cjeu) will enjoy with regard to this new policy, which role it may be given in investment agreements of the eu or to what extent its role may legally be excluded or diminished by iias. The policy documents published so far as well as leaked text of envisaged investment chapters of future eu trade and investment agreements disregard this matter entirely. Nevertheless, the cjeu will play a role on the basis of the provisions of the eu Treaties and it is largely for the Court itself to determine that role.

A First Glimpse of Light on the Emerging Invisible EU Model BIT

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 379-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Hoffmeister ◽  
Gabriela Alexandru
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Investment Policy ◽  
Public Consultation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Public ◽  
Investment Protection ◽  
Political Orientations ◽  
Partnership Agreement ◽  
The Right ◽  
Trade And Investment

The article recalls the general political orientations of the investment policy of the European Union (eu) as outlined by the three major institutions (Commission, Council, and Parliament) shortly after Lisbon. It then turns with some detail to the substantive standards and the enforcement chapter. The authors present a number of changes that the eu is pushing in its negotiations with Canada and Singapore and which are also outlined in the public consultation with respect to the eu-us Trade and Investment Partnership Agreement (ttip). They come to the conclusion that all these elements present “[a] new start for investment and investment protection,” marked by the need for “a better balance between the right of states to regulate and the need to protect investors,” as well as for an improved arbitration system in the emerging eu practice in its negotiations with third states.

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