The civil law tradition … but with clinics – a case study from Chile

2017 ◽  
pp. 181-191
Author(s):  
Juan P. Beca
Keyword(s):  
Civil Law

IMPLEMENTASI PERATURAN DAERAH KHUSUS (PERDASUS) PROVINSI PAPUA NOMOR 23 TAHUN 2008 TENTANG HAK ULAYAT MASYARAKAT HUKUM ADAT DAN HAK PERORANGAN WARGA MASYARAKAT ADAT ATAS TANAH (STUDI KASUS KOTA JAYAPURA DAN KABUPATEN BIAK NUMFOR)

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-59
Author(s):  
Ayu Kurnia Utami
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Land Conflict ◽  
Local Regulation ◽  
The People ◽  
The Government

This study discusses Perdasus 23 Year 2008 about individual and communal rights of customary law society over the land through a case study in Jayapura and Biak Numfor. The special local regulation (Perdasus) is a part of the efforts to secure the customary society or the indigenous people of Papua. The aim of this study is to identify how far Perdasus 23 Year 2008 has been implemented in Jayapura and Biak Numfor. The study applies qualitative approach which data is collected through observations, interviews, and content analysis of related documents. The result of this study shows that Perdasus 23 Year 2008 is not implemented thoroughly. Although the regulation is not normatively implemented, it has been practically implemented through the initiatives of Jayapura and Biak Numfor government to carry out conflict resolution program in each region. In doing so, the government of Jayapura has done the communal right mapping of Port Numbay people, while the government of Biak Numfor issues a local regulation (Perbup) about the strategy of land conflict resolution by encouraging of the involvement of customary role and legitimation in the region. Eventhough these activities are not conducted in accordance with Perdasus 23 Year 2008, Jayapura has performed four substances of the “Perdasus”: research, mapping, management and identification, and land conflict resolution. Meanwhile, Biak Numfor regency has performed two substances: communal land management and land conflict resolution though they only fulfill some aspects of these substances when performing research and mapping. There are three aspects affecting the implementation of Perdasus in Jayapura and Biak Numfor. First, ineffective communication both from the policy maker to the policy implementer and from policy implementer to the people that causes confusion to the society regarding the policy. Second, the existing paradigm of local people who still believe that customary law is more powerful than civil law. Last but not the least is Government’s initiative to do an activity to protect the communal right of indigenous people of Papua.

scholarly journals Analisis Hukum Penyelesaian Sengketa Murabahah di Pengadilan Agama

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Afifi Tita Zahra ◽  
Muhammad Naim
Keyword(s):  
Dispute Settlement ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Judicial Power ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Research Use ◽  
Use Case ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Case Number

It is mentioned in the laws article 49 No 3 2006 that one of religious court’s duty is to solve murabahah dispute. However, a case related to murabahah dispute number 2860/Pdt.G/2013/PA.Mr. which is submitted to MojokertoReligius Court was rejected by judges. This research attempt to analyse this (1) What is judges consideration in charge of settling murabahah dispute in a verdict number 2860/Pdt.G/2013/Pa.Mr? (2) What factors affecting the judges verdict number 2860/Pdt.G/2013/Pa.Mr? (3) How do the murabahah financing products eligible with religious advice DSN Indonesian Ulamas Council in terms of murabahah financing? This research use case study. The primary data was taken in Mojokerto Religious Court with the case number 2860/ Pdt.G/2013/Pa.Mr while the secondary data based on law books and journals which is related to sharia economy. Data was collected by using interviews and documentation.This research conclude this (1) The judges decided to not accept the case number 2860/Pdt.G/2013/Pa.Mr because the murabahah agreement which contain dispute settlement should be resolved through the arbitration institution (BASYARNAS). (2) Factors that influence judges verdict was law and rules that regulate arbitration which is consist of laws No 1 21/2008 on Sharia Banking article 55, Laws no 48 2009 about Judicial Power article 59, article 1338 the Book of Civil Law and article 21 (3) In addition, a case number 2860/pdt.g/2013/pa mr in form of loan capital was not in accordance with MUI teaching number 4/DSN-MUI/IV/2000 that govern murabahah only for purchase of goods.  Keyword : murabahah, dispute settlement, religious court. 

Chronic hepatitis C – Assessment in civil law: A case study

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-101
Author(s):  
Bruno Miguel Santos ◽  
Paula Sousa ◽  
Filomena Mena ◽  
Graça Santos Costa ◽  
Francisco Corte-Real ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Civil Law

A Question of Personal Status

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nelia Hyndman-Rizk
Keyword(s):  
Women's Rights ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Women’S Rights ◽  
Civil Marriage ◽  
Personal Status ◽  
Religious Sects ◽  
Marriage Reform

AbstractAmid an enduring political deadlock in Parliament, the first civil marriage contracted in Lebanon in 2013 received significant media coverage in a country where the personal status law of eighteen recognized religious sects governs marriage. This case study examines the debate on civil marriage reform and the implications for women’s rights in Lebanon. For advocates, the recognition of civil marriage legalizes interreligious marriages, strengthens secular citizenship, shifts the jurisdiction of marriage from religious to civil law, and ensures women’s rights. Opponents, meanwhile, fear the loss of religious autonomy, the transformation of self-identification in Lebanon from sect to nation, and the destabilization of the confessional system. To date, civil marriage reform has been incremental, given clerical and social opposition, but the winds of change are blowing as couples increasingly take matters into their own hands to reform Lebanon’s system of personal status from the ground up.

TEACHING LEGAL TRANSLATION – A CASE STUDY OF MAKING STUDENTS AWARE OF TRANSLATION RISKS RESULTING FROM PLURICENTRISM

Fachsprache ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 52-74
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Matulewska ◽  
Joanna Kic-Drgas ◽  
Paula Trzaskawka
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Method ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Official Language ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Language Varieties ◽  
Legal Translation ◽  
Research Material ◽  
Legal Context

This article examines the phenomenon of pluricentrism in language for legal purposes. The purpose of the research is to discuss the coexistence of different language varieties resulting from the existence of pluricentric languages in a legal context, and how this can affect translation decisions. The research focuses on English and German. The authors apply the comparative method to identify differences and similarities in legal terminology, in order to develop the resulting didactic implications for legal translation courses. The methods used in the article encompass: the analysis of comparable texts, the terminological analysis of research material (comparative law methodology), the theory of skopos, and an analysis of the relevant literature. The research material mostly consisted of civil law documents of countries where the languages under discussion are spoken. The research hypothesis is that if a given language is an official language in more than one country, the legal languages are not uniform and vary in respect to national legal language variants (similar to general language), and consequently there is a risk of making an error. Thus the students of translation studies must be made aware of the resultant differences in order to solve translation problems more efficiently and to reduce the number of errors in specialised translation. The analysis of the source text through the prism of terminology should be related to the legal system of the country concerned. Students of translation courses should be aware of the semantic differences between legal terms in order to find proper equivalents.

Portrait and Ideology

2019 ◽  
pp. 19-39
Author(s):  
Hannah Holtschneider
Keyword(s):  
Civil Law ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Religious Ideology ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Secular Society ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
East Prussia

This chapter introduces Rabbi Dr Salis Daiches and maps his migration from the Lithuanian part of the Russian Empire to East Prussia, Berlin and then Britain, arriving in Edinburgh in early 1919. His educational, linguistic and cultural voyage across Europe presents the context in which to analyse his religious ideology and outlook on life in a secular society. Daiches presented both an opportunity and a challenge for the Chief Rabbis under whose authority he served in various congregations across the United Kingdom. Daiches possessed the learning of an Eastern European rabbi and the eloquence of an English clergyman, and used these advantages at once to forge a bridge between residents and immigrants and to challenge the hegemony of the Chief Rabbi which he saw as ineffective outwith London’s United Synagogue. Thus, Daiches emerges as a case study that illustrates well the key issues in the debates about the bundling of religious authority in the Chief Rabbi and his court, the frustrations of immigrant rabbis whose religious training far surpassed that of the English Jewish ministers who excelled in preaching, and knowledge of civil law, but were embarrassed by their lack of halakhic competence.

scholarly journals Keberlakuan Yurisprudensi pada Kewenangan Pengujian Undang-Undang dalam Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oly Viana Agustine
Keyword(s):  
Judicial Review ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Case Study Approach ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Law System ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
The Republic

Keberlakuan yurisprudensi sebagai salah satu sumber hukum yang diakui di Indonesia selalu menarik untuk dilakukan penelitian. Indonesia yang terpengaruh dengan sistem hukum civil law pada dasarnya tidak mengikatkan diri pada yurisprudensi. Namun apabila ada putusan yang dianggap kontradiksi dengan putusan sebelumnya menjadi perdebatan mengenai bagaimana keberlakuan yurisprudensi yang telah ada. Mahkamah Konstitusi sebagai salah satu pelaku kekuasaan kehakiman memiliki kewenangan melakukan pengujian undang-undang terhadap Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia tahun 1945. Dalam kewenangannya tersebut, terkadang Mahkamah Konstitusi dibenturkan dengan putusan terdahulu yang telah menjadi landmark namun tidak diikuti. Dengan kata lain, terdapat kontradiksi antara putusan yang terdahulu dengan putusan yang ada saat ini. Dalam penelitian ini akan dilihat bagaimana keberlakuan yurisprudensi pada pengujian undang-undang dalam putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah studi pustaka dengan menggunakan pendekatan studi kasus. Kesimpulan yang didapat dalam penelitian ini adalah bahwa yurisprudensi adalah sumber hukum yang dapat menjadi rujukan dalam memutus suatu perkara pengujian undang-undang namun tidak mengikat hakim untuk menyimpanginya berdasarkan alasan yang logis sesuai dengan pinsip the judiciary independence dan judiciary accountability serta konsepsi the living constitution.The enforceability of jurisprudence as one of the recognized legal sources in Indonesia is a compelling research topic. Indonesia that uses the civil law on law system does not bind to jurisprudence. Nevertheless, if there is a decision that is contradictory to the previous one, that will be a debate over how the enforceability of the existed jurisprudence. The Constitutional Court as one of the judicial authority has the authority to examine the law against the Constitution 1945 of the State of the Republic of Indonesia. In its authority, the Constitutional Court is bumped by a previous decision which has become a landmark but was not followed. In other words, there is a contradiction between the previous decision and the present decision. This research will see how the enforceability of jurisprudence on the judicial review in the decision of the Constitutional Court. The analysis method used is literature study using case study approach. The conclusion available in this study is that jurisprudence is a source of law that can be a reference in a union of judicial review cases but not bound by judges to deviate based on logical reasons in the judiciary independence and judiciary accountability as well as the conception of the living constitution.

scholarly journals Urgency Application Of Proof Decisoir Eed Related With Judicial Conditions In The Civil Case Evidence In The Court (Case Study of Decision No. 47 / Pdt.G / 2012 / PN Lsk and Decision No. 16/Pdt.G/2012/PN Stb)

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-216
Author(s):  
Efa Laela Fakhriah ◽  
Yustika Tatar Fauzi Harahap
Keyword(s):  
Civil Law ◽  
Civil Procedure ◽  
Court Case ◽  
Court Decisions ◽  
Civil Case ◽  
Judicial Decisions ◽  
The Law

Abstract:Implementation of the law that related civil law to the procedure of settlement of the legal dispute in court is regulated by formal law that named law of civil procedure. The aim of this study to determine how the application of proof decisoir eed in Civil Case Evidence in Court? and how the factors that affect the consideration of the judge in deciding decisoir eed as evidence?. There are some references for this research, court decisions, both decisoir eed application by either party in order to convince the judge and decisoir eed as the only evidence of the evidentiary process. The results showed that contradictory opinions: 1. In practice there are judicial decisions that apply oath breaker even if the parties have filed written evidence and witnesses and 2. decisoir eed can be applied if one of the parties did not submit evidence. The next discussion is the existence of subjective factors and objective factors for the judge to consider the granting of the decisoir eed by the parties. The conclusion of this research is the application of the decisoir eed of the civil event is irrelevant because of the low sense of legal certainty.Keywords: Proof, Decisoir Eed, Judge Abstrak:Implementasi hukum yang berhubungan di bidang keperdataan terhadap tata cara penyelesaian sengketa hukum di pengadilan diatur oleh hukum formil yang disebut dengan hukum acara perdata. Penelitian ini bermaksud untuk mengetahui bagaimana penerapan alat bukti sumpah pemutus dalam pembuktian perkara perdata di Pengadilan dan bagaimana faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi terhadap keyakinan Hakim dalam memutuskan sumpah pemutus. Materi pembahasan penelitian ini adalah permohonan sumpah pemutus oleh salah satu pihak dengan tujuan untuk meyakinkan Hakim dalam menilai kebenaran alat bukti dan permohonan sumpah pemutus sebagai alat bukti satu-satunya dalam proses pembuktian. Hasil analisis menunjukan 2 (dua) pendapat saling kontradiktif yaitu dalam Putusan No. 47/Pdt.G/2012/PN Lsk Majelis Hakim yang mengabulkan permohonan sumpah pemutus oleh Penggugat meskipun Penggugat telah memiliki alat bukti lain dan dalam Putusan No. 16/Pdt.G/2012/PN Stb Majelis Hakim tidak mengabulkan permohonan sumpah pemutus dalam perkara tersebut karena Pihak Lawan memiliki bukti surat dan saksi. Pembahasan berikutnya sehubugan dengan faktor subyektif dan faktor obyektif dari Hakim dalam mempertimbangkan permohonan sumpah pemutus oleh para pihak. Kesimpulan yang didapat adalah penerapan alat bukti sumpah pemutus dalam acara perdata sudah tidak relevan karena jauh dari rasa kepastian hukum dan paradigma hukum yang berkembang dalam penanganan perkara perdata di samping mencari kebenaran formal mulai mengarah kepada terwujudnya kebenaran materiil terbatas. Hakim harus melakukan pencarian kebenaran terhadap fakta yang dipersengketakan demi terwujudnya keadilan dan kepastian hukum.Kata kunci: Alat Bukti, Sumpah Pemutus, Hakim

scholarly journals Civil Means and Methods of Environmental Harm Prevention (the Case Study of Regional Trial)

2019 ◽  
pp. 18-30
Author(s):  
Tatiana Letuta
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Civil Code ◽  
Environmental Harm ◽  
Civil Protection ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Law ◽  
Harm Prevention

The object of the research is civil relations arising in the process of environmental harm prevention. The subject of the research is the standards of civil law and regional trials as well as researches. The author of the article pays special attention to answering the question whether Article 1065 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation establishes environmental protection means as fully as possible, what means of civil protection can be used by complainants and whether the structure of Article 1065 of the Civil Code is efficient enough. Based on the research objectives, the author of the article has used such research methods as systems analysis allowing to cover a wide range of materials and to discover gaps and inconsistencies of references rules in The Law On Environmental Protectino and Civil Code as well as analysis and generalisation to work with trial materials and to make conclusions. The main conclusinos of the research are the following provisions. There is no direct mechanism for the implementation of provisions of The Law on Environmental Protection through Civil Code rules. Thus, the author offers better ways of implying civil means including protection of estates and property rights. Letuta offers her own variant of civil protection means that can be used to prevent environmental harm in certain cases. The author also gives her own variants of amendments and changes in the civil law that would ensure better implementation of the provisions of Articles 34, 56 and 80 of The Law on Environmental Protection. 

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