The Functional Architecture of the Brain

The Brain ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 105-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard S. J. Frackowiak
Keyword(s):  
Functional Architecture ◽  
The Brain

scholarly journals Manipulating the structure of natural scenes using wavelets to study the functional architecture of perceptual hierarchies in the brain

NeuroImage ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 221 ◽  
pp. 117173
Author(s):  
Alexander M. Puckett ◽  
Mark M. Schira ◽  
Zoey J. Isherwood ◽  
Jonathan D. Victor ◽  
James A. Roberts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Scenes ◽  
Functional Architecture ◽  
The Brain

The Eisenstein-Vygotsky-Luria Collaboration

Projections ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Vassilieva
Keyword(s):  
Crucial Role ◽  
Cultural Psychology ◽  
Film Theory ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Functional Architecture ◽  
Cultural Mediation ◽  
Sergei Eisenstein ◽  
Lev Vygotsky ◽  
Russian Film ◽  
The Brain

This article analyzes the unique historical collaboration between the revolutionary Russian film director Sergei Eisenstein (1898–1948), the cultural psychologist Lev Vygotsky (1896–1934), and the founder of contemporary neuropsychology, Alexander Luria (1902–1977). Vygotsky’s legacy is associated primarily with the idea that cultural mediation plays a crucial role in the emergence and development of personality and cognition. His collaborator, Luria, laid the foundations of contemporary neuropsychology and demonstrated that cultural mediation also changes the functional architecture of the brain. In my analysis, I demonstrate how the Eisenstein-Vygotsky-Luria collaboration exemplifies a strategy of productive triangulation that harnesses three disciplinary perspectives: those of cultural psychology, neuropsychology, and film theory and practice.

scholarly journals Disrutpted resting-state functional architecture of the brain after 45-day simulated microgravity

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Zhou ◽  
Yun Wang ◽  
Li-Lin Rao ◽  
Zhu-Yuan Liang ◽  
Xiao-Ping Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resting State ◽  
Simulated Microgravity ◽  
Functional Architecture ◽  
The Brain

Plastic Maps: The New Brain Cartographies of the 21th-Century Neurosciences

Nuncius ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 472-500
Author(s):  
Carmela Morabito
Keyword(s):  
Brain Mapping ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Individual Experience ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Functional Architecture ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
New Models ◽  
Local Properties ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Over Time

Ever since the phrenological heads of the early 19th century, maps have translated into images our ideas, theories and models of the brain, making this organ at one and the same time scientific object and representation. Brain maps have always served as gateways for navigating and visualizing neuroscientific knowledge, and over time many different maps have been produced – firstly as tools to “read” and analyse the cerebral territory, then as instruments to produce new models of the brain. Over the last 150 years brain cartography has evolved from a way of identifying brain regions and localizing them for clinical use to an anatomical framework onto which information about local properties and functions can be integrated to provide a view of the brain’s structural and functional architecture. In this paper a historical and epistemological consideration of the topic is offered as a contribution to the understanding of contemporary brain mapping, based on the assumption that the brain continuously rewires itself in relation to individual experience.

scholarly journals The modular and integrative functional architecture of the human brain

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (49) ◽  
pp. E6798-E6807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxwell A. Bertolero ◽  
B. T. Thomas Yeo ◽  
Mark D’Esposito
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Topic Model ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Modular Function ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Functional Architecture ◽  
Brain Imaging Data ◽  
The Brain

Network-based analyses of brain imaging data consistently reveal distinct modules and connector nodes with diverse global connectivity across the modules. How discrete the functions of modules are, how dependent the computational load of each module is to the other modules’ processing, and what the precise role of connector nodes is for between-module communication remains underspecified. Here, we use a network model of the brain derived from resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) data and investigate the modular functional architecture of the human brain by analyzing activity at different types of nodes in the network across 9,208 experiments of 77 cognitive tasks in the BrainMap database. Using an author–topic model of cognitive functions, we find a strong spatial correspondence between the cognitive functions and the network’s modules, suggesting that each module performs a discrete cognitive function. Crucially, activity at local nodes within the modules does not increase in tasks that require more cognitive functions, demonstrating the autonomy of modules’ functions. However, connector nodes do exhibit increased activity when more cognitive functions are engaged in a task. Moreover, connector nodes are located where brain activity is associated with many different cognitive functions. Connector nodes potentially play a role in between-module communication that maintains the modular function of the brain. Together, these findings provide a network account of the brain’s modular yet integrated implementation of cognitive functions.

scholarly journals Analysis of the functional architecture of the brain with an optical method

1994 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 219-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshio Iijima ◽  
Michinori Ichikawa ◽  
Ichirou Takashima ◽  
Gen Matsumoto
Keyword(s):  
Optical Method ◽  
Functional Architecture ◽  
The Brain

scholarly journals Functional reorganization of brain networks across the human menstrual cycle

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Pritschet ◽  
Tyler Santander ◽  
Caitlin M. Taylor ◽  
Evan Layher ◽  
Shuying Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Estrogen Receptors ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Functional Organization ◽  
Brain Networks ◽  
List Type ◽  
Functional Architecture ◽  
Human Menstrual Cycle ◽  
The Brain

AbstractThe brain is an endocrine organ, sensitive to the rhythmic changes in sex hormone production that occurs in most mammalian species. In rodents and nonhuman primates, estrogen and progesterone’s impact on the brain is evident across a range of spatiotemporal scales. Yet, the influence of sex hormones on the functional architecture of the human brain is largely unknown. In this dense-sampling, deep phenotyping study, we examine the extent to which endogenous fluctuations in sex hormones alter intrinsic brain networks at rest in a woman who underwent brain imaging and venipuncture for 30 consecutive days. Standardized regression analyses illustrate estrogen and progesterone’s widespread associations with functional connectivity. Time-lagged analyses examined the temporal directionality of these relationships and suggest that cortical network dynamics (particularly in the Default Mode and Dorsal Attention Networks, whose hubs are densely populated with estrogen receptors) are preceded—and perhaps driven—by hormonal fluctuations. A similar pattern of associations was observed in a follow-up study one year later. Together, these results reveal the rhythmic nature in which brain networks reorganize across the human menstrual cycle. Neuroimaging studies that densely sample the individual connectome have begun to transform our understanding of the brain’s functional organization. As these results indicate, taking endocrine factors into account is critical for fully understanding the intrinsic dynamics of the human brain.HighlightsIntrinsic fluctuations in sex hormones shape the brain’s functional architecture.Estradiol facilitates tighter coherence within whole-brain functional networks.Progesterone has the opposite, reductive effect.Ovulation (via estradiol) modulates variation in topological network states.Effects are pronounced in network hubs densely populated with estrogen receptors.

scholarly journals Characterization of the brain functional architecture of psychostimulant withdrawal using single-cell whole brain imaging

eNeuro ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. ENEURO.0208-19.2021
Author(s):  
Adam Kimbrough ◽  
Marsida Kallupi ◽  
Lauren C. Smith ◽  
Sierra Simpson ◽  
Andres Collazo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Cell ◽  
Brain Imaging ◽  
Functional Architecture ◽  
Whole Brain ◽  
The Brain

scholarly journals Small Vessel Disease and the Resting Functional Architecture of the Brain

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 1089-1090 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert D Stevens ◽  
Yousef Hannawi ◽  
Haris Sair
Keyword(s):  
Test Performance ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Small Vessel Disease ◽  
Neuropsychological Test ◽  
Small Vessel ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
Functional Architecture ◽  
Vessel Disease ◽  
Cognitive Disturbances ◽  
The Brain

Small vessel disease (SVD) is linked to cognitive impairment and dementia, yet little is known regarding functional activation in patients with SVD. Resting fMRI recordings suggest reduced connectivity in prefrontal, parietal and cingulate nodes and reciprocally increased connectivity in cerebellum, alterations which predicted neuropsychological test performance. Together with diffusion tensor tensor imaging studies, these data support of a model of disrupted connectivity as a systems-level approach to the cognitive disturbances seen in SVD.

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