Competition law post-Brexit

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-54
Author(s):  
Jonathan Scott

The end of the Transition Period following the UK's exit from the European Union and COVID-19 are major catalysts for the Competition and Markets Authority's future work, including in the fields of merger control and antitrust enforcement. This article considers how these, and other events, will influence the CMA's work, including the establishment of the Digital Markets Unit and the Office for the Internal Market, enforcement priorities and international cooperation.

Author(s):  
Matthew J. Homewood

This chapter focuses on Article 102 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU). Article 102 prohibits, as incompatible with the internal market, any abuse by undertakings in a dominant position within the internal market in so far as it may affect trade between Member States. It should be noted at the outset that ‘dominance’ itself is not prohibited, but only when such dominance is accompanied with abusive behaviour that may affect trade. Like Article 101, Article 102 is enforced by the European Commission, national competition authorities, and national courts under powers conferred by Regulation 1/2003.


Author(s):  
Lorna Woods ◽  
Philippa Watson ◽  
Marios Costa

This chapter examines the core elements of competition law in the European Union (EU) and its impact on the internal market, focusing on anti-competitive agreements, abuse of market power and controls over concentrations. It discusses the provisions and enforcement of Articles 101 and 102 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU).


2020 ◽  
pp. 415-449
Author(s):  
Sylvia de Mars

This chapter analyses the foundations of EU competition law. Competition law is an attempt to regulate the behaviour of private companies when active in the internal market so as to ensure that competition between different entities remains and is fair. The rules of competition law aim both to assist the completion of the internal market as well as addressing consumer welfare in more general terms. A further particularly interesting dimension is that unlike most internal market law, competition law applies regardless of the nationality of the companies or businesses active in the internal market. As such, UK companies active on the continent after Brexit will have to know these rules, regardless of whether they continue to apply in the UK. The chapter then details the two Treaty provisions that address anti-competitive behaviour: Articles 101 and 102 TFEU (Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union).


2020 ◽  
pp. 641-684
Author(s):  
Marios Costa ◽  
Steve Peers

This chapter examines the core elements of competition law in the European Union (EU). It provides a number of examples of the types of agreements covered by EU competition law and shows the dangers which may arise when independent undertakings come together to coordinate their activities to distort competition. The chapter reviews the impact of anti-competitive agreements on the internal market and focuses on the abuse of market power and controls over concentrations. Overall, the chapter discusses the provisions and enforcement of Articles 101 and 102 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU).


2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 147-175
Author(s):  
Ana Vlahek ◽  
Klemen Podobnik

The article analyses the provisions on limitation of antitrust damages actions set out in Directive 2014/104/EU on certain rules governing actions for damages under national law for infringements of the competition law provisions of the Member States and of the European Union. It presents (draft) implementing legislation of CEE countries from the perspective of their general rules on limitation, and the problems the Member States have faced in the process of transposing the Directive into their national legal systems. Within that, focus is placed upon the analysis of the types of limitation periods, their length and their suspension or interruption. In addition, the authors present the effects of the new limitation regime on the balance between the interests of the claimants and of the defendants, as well as on the relation between public and private antitrust enforcement.


Author(s):  
Nicole Rinaldi de Barcellos

LIBERDADE DE CONCORRÊNCIA NA UNIÃO EUROPEIA: CONVERGÊNCIA DA DOUTRINA E DA JURISPRUDÊNCIA NO RECONHECIMENTO DA DISCIPLINA CONCORRENCIAL COMO BASE PARA O MERCADO INTERNO  FREEDOM OF COMPETITION IN THE EUROPEAN UNION: CONVERGENCE OF THE DOCTRINE AND THE CASE LAW IN THE RECOGNITION OF COMPETITION LAW AS A BASIS TO THE INTERNAL MARKET               Nicole Rinaldi de Barcellos* RESUMO: O objetivo deste estudo é investigar o papel da liberdade de concorrência no mercado interno da União Europeia, mediante análise doutrinária e jurisprudencial. A disciplina concorrencial compõe os instrumentos fundacionais do referido bloco econômico desde as primeiras versões até o presente momento, mantendo uma considerável estabilidade ao longo do tempo. A aplicação do direito da concorrência, por sua vez, encontra-se em constante aprimoramento, sendo objeto de discussão constante no âmbito do Tribunal de Luxemburgo, conforme os objetivos integracionistas são alargados, estimulando o desenvolvimento econômico equilibrado dos atores no mercado interno. Para desenvolver os objetivos propostos, a pesquisa foi dividida em duas partes. Na primeira seção são abordados os principais fundamentos teóricos da liberdade de concorrência no âmbito da União Europeia. Na segunda parte são apresentados casos jurisprudenciais considerados relevantes na consolidação da liberdade de concorrência como base ao mercado interno. Por fim, é destacada a essencialidade da liberdade concorrencial no processo de integração da União Europeia ao garantir e amparar as demais liberdades econômicas. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Direito Internacional da Concorrência. União Europeia. Liberdade de Concorrência. Mercado Interno. Tribunal de Justiça da União Europeia. ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of freedom of competition in the European Union internal market based on doctrinal and case law analysis. Competition law composes the founding instruments of the European Union since its first versions to the present moment, maintaining a considerable stability over time. Application of competition law, however, is in constant improvement by the Luxembourg Court as integrationist goals are extended, in order to stimulate balanced economic development to the actors in the internal market. To develop the proposed objectives, the research is divided into two parts. The first section examines the main theoretical foundations of the freedom of competition within the European Union. In the second part it is presented a case law summary, considered relevant to the consolidation of the subject. Ultimately, it is highlighted that freedom of competition is substantial to the European Union process of integration by ensuring and supporting the other essential economic freedoms.  KEYWORDS: International Competition Law. European Union. Freedom of Competition.  Internal Market. Court of Justice of the European Union. SUMÁRIO: Introdução. 1 Fundamentos doutrinários da liberdade de concorrência no ordenamento jurídico da União Europeia. 1.1 Características estruturais da liberdade de concorrência na União Europeia. 1.2 Domínio de Aplicação da Liberdade Concorrencial na União Europeia. 2 Contribuição da jurisprudência do Tribunal de Luxemburgo para a consolidação da liberdade de concorrência. 2.1 Caso Dióxido de Titânio como marco jurisprudencial (C-300/89). 2.2 Casos TeliaSonera (C-52/09) e Comissão c. Italia (C-496/09). Considerações finais. Referências.* Mestranda no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Direito na Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), na linha de pesquisa Fundamentos da Integração Jurídica. Bolsista da CAPES/UFRGS. Especialista em Direito Internacional Público e Privado, e Direito da Integração pela Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). Graduada pela Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS).


Author(s):  
Robert Schütze

This chapter provides an overview of EU competition law through the lens of Article 101 TFEU. Article 101 outlaws anti-competitive collusions between undertakings; that is, ‘cartels’. Historically, this form of illegal behaviour has been the most dangerous anti-competitive practice. The prohibition on any collusion between undertakings to restrict competition in the internal market is thereby set out in Article 101. The European Union has given a wide jurisdictional scope to the provision, and EU competition law generally. Yet it tries to find an appropriate balance between pro- and anti-competitive considerations for every agreement. Due to the EU's historic task to create an internal market, vertical agreements have been of particular importance to EU; and distribution agreements indeed continue to occupy a prominent place within the case law of the European Courts.


2015 ◽  
pp. 1708-1728
Author(s):  
Eleni Tzoulia

This chapter examines Consumer-Centric Marketing in the internal market from a legal standpoint. A legislative trend towards the protection of consumers' rights and individuals' privacy is witnessed in the European Union. Consumer-Centric Marketing, however, employs techniques that put consumers at a number of risks related to both their privacy and their economic freedom. The purpose of this chapter is to indicate the limits of legality pertaining to Consumer-Centric Marketing, when applied within the European Union. The chapter examines two forms of Consumer-Centric Marketing, i.e., the Cause-Related and the Relationship Marketing. It explains European legislation on the protection of personal data and all current developments in Unfair Competition law in Europe, and it presents the tactics that should be avoided by companies when implementing the above marketing methods, so as to prevent a possible ban on their advertising.


Author(s):  
Matthew J. Homewood

Articles 101 and 102 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) prohibit anti-competitive business practices. The European Commission, national competition authorities, and national courts enforce Articles 101 and 102 under powers conferred by Regulation 1/2003. From time to time, the European Commission issues non-binding notices providing clarification of the competition rules. This chapter focuses on Article 101, but begins with an outline of Articles 101 and 102 and the rules on enforcement. In broad terms, Article 101 prohibits business agreements or arrangements which prevent, restrict, or distort competition within the internal market and affect trade between Member States.


2014 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 510-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niamh Dunne

UMBRELLA effects arise where anti-competitive conduct by one or more market actors results in general price rises across the sector concerned. The Court of Justice of the European Union has, with its preliminary ruling in Case C-557/12, Kone and others v OBB-Infrastruktur AG, Judgment of 5 June 2014, EU:C:2014:1317, now addressed the potential legal implications of such umbrella effects. In confirming that the right to compensation stemming from breach of EU competition law extends to umbrella claims as a matter of principle, the Court of Justice has offered its most expansive, and arguably most emphatic, interpretation of the scope and importance of private antitrust enforcement to date.


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