scholarly journals Kilka uwag o książce Oskara Kaneckiego Sądy kapturowe Wielkiego Księstwa Litewskiego (1572–1764), Sopot: Wydawnictwo Arche Marek Tokarczyk, 2020, ss. 341

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-381
Author(s):  
Sławomir Godek
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
The State ◽  
Grand Duchy Of Lithuania ◽  
Grand Duchy

Some Remarks on Oskar Kanecki’s Book Sądy kapturowe Wielkiego Księstwa Litewskiego (1572–1764) [Interregnum courts of law in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (1572–1764)], Sopot: Wydawnictwo Arche Marek Tokarczyk, 2020, pp. 341 Oskar Kanecki’s book considerably broadens the state of knowledge of the judiciary of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania during the interregnum periods (16th–18th century). The work deals with the genesis, organisation and process before these courts in an interesting and wide-ranging way. It seems that a drawback of the book is the incomplete use of the Statute of Lithuania and legislation.

scholarly journals Pogezanian lieges in the State of Teutonic Order in 1261–1370

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
С.А. Денисов
Keyword(s):  
Military Service ◽  
Main Part ◽  
Land Ownership ◽  
The State ◽  
Military Force ◽  
Baltic Region ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Grand Duchy Of Lithuania ◽  
Grand Duchy ◽  
Group 1

Статья посвящена инкорпорированию жителей Погезании, одной из за- падных прусских земель, в орденскую систему ленного землевладения в 1261–1370 гг. Основную часть ленников (173 из 176 персон) составили лица, обязанные нести во- енную службу и платить налог (группа 1) или освобожденные от податей (группа 2). Рост их численности был связан с потребностями Ордена в военной силе и доходах от земельной собственности для борьбы с Великим Литовским княжеством за поли- тическое лидерство в Юго-Восточной Прибалтике. The article deals with the incorporation of inhabitants of Pogezania one of the western Prussian lands, into the Order’s system of fi ef land ownership in 1261–1370. The main part of lieges (173 from 176 persons) consisted of individuals, who were obliged to keep military service and to pay taxes (group 1) or free from any payment (group 2). The growth of their number was caused by needs of Order in military force and incomes from the land estates for the struggle with Grand Duchy of Lithuania for the leadership in South-East of Baltic region.

scholarly journals On the Diploma of Nobility of Jan Januszowski and a Portrait of a Renaissance Printer

Terminus ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (Special Issue 1) ◽  
pp. 81-105
Author(s):  
Justyna Kiliańczyk-Zięba
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Grand Duchy Of Lithuania ◽  
Coats Of Arms ◽  
Grand Duchy

Jan Januszowski, best known as Jan Kochanowski’ friend, was the most distinguished printer of the Polish Renaissance. Januszowski, a lawyer educated in Cracow and Padua, was an extremely versatile man: an outstanding printer, as well as a prolific writer and translator. For all his achievements, he was ennobled by Sigismund III Vasa, and—happily—the diploma of nobility of Jan Januszowski, penned on parchment and splendidly illuminated, survived to the present day. The illumination of the document is rich and sumptuous. It shows the coats-of-arms representing the provinces of the Polish Kingdom and Grand Duchy of Lithuania and small portraits: three of them depict Polish kings, the fourth is of Januszowski himself—it is one of the very few known portraits of Polish Renaissance intellectuals and the oldest portrait of a Polish printer. The document’s decoration is not only beautiful, but also meaningful, as its content and composition reflects the nature of the state—the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth—and suggests Januszowski’s important place in its structure and strong links between the printer and the most important dignitaries of the country.

scholarly journals The Book of Psalms in the Church Slavonic Language from Norov´s Book Collection

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-53
Author(s):  
Jelena Celunova
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Slavonic Language ◽  
State Library ◽  
Grand Duchy Of Lithuania ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Church ◽  
Grand Duchy

This article is devoted to the research of the Book of Psalms manuscript from A. S. Norovʼs book collection stored in the Department of manuscripts of the Russian State Library. The manuscript is written in the beginning of the 18th century in Church Slavonic language Polish letters. This manuscript has never been studied before, it is nonetheless of interest primarily as a Latin-graphic text, which is a transliteration of the originals in Church Slavonic. Very few such texts have survived, and almost all of them were created in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. The article provides a complete description of the manuscript and analyses of its language peculiarities. The analysis has made it possible to identify Church Slavonic protographs of the manuscript, and also to establish that the manuscript was written by women (most likely nuns) for private use. Since the authors of the transliteration themselves had very good command of Church Slavonic, it can be assumed that the text was written to order. Against the background of the cultural and historical context of the turn of the 17th and 18th centuries it can be assumed that the manuscript was written by the nuns of one of the southwestern Russian Uniate monasteries who had moved to one of the monasteries in Russia at that time.

scholarly journals Genealogical Links in Samogitian Nobility Heraldry Sources in the Second Half of the 16th–18th Centuries

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 148-166
Author(s):  
Gabrielė Jasiūnienė
Keyword(s):  
Focus Of Attention ◽  
The State ◽  
Political Elite ◽  
The Political ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Specific Individual ◽  
Grand Duchy Of Lithuania ◽  
Coats Of Arms ◽  
Grand Duchy

Heraldry and its research have deep traditions in Europe, making it a certain focus of attention among researchers. The interest in this field in Lithuania is a more recent phenomenon. The late beginning of heraldry research was partly influenced by Lithuania’s loss of independence. At present, researchers’ attention is focused mainly on the periods of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, also looking at Lithuanian heraldry from the 20th–21st centuries, and conducting thorough research of the coats of arms of the state, cities, and towns. Research of the heraldry of the nobility is also being conducted, such as the heraldry of the political elite in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania – the Goštautas, Pacas, Radvila, Sapiega families, etc. The heraldry of representatives of the lower gentry, especially among the Samogitian families, has received less attention. Many unanswered questions and undeveloped themes remain in the field of the Samogitian nobility’s heraldry, overlooked in research for a long time. This article analyzes how genealogical links were reflected in Samogitian nobility heraldry sources in the second half of the 16th–18th centuries. Having analyzed the heraldic sources of the Samogitian nobility, it was found that these reflected not only information about a specific individual, but also their broader origins, family and marital lines. The coats of arms of the Samogitian nobility in time became a unique means of representation. The coats of arms of the Samogitian nobility were depicted in seals, literature, portraits, architecture, and elsewhere.

scholarly journals Slavonic Translations of the “Master of Rhodes Letter”

Scrinium ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Maria Korogodina ◽  
Aleksey Sergeev ◽  
Aleksey Sirenov
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Old Believers ◽  
The Third ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
Grand Duchy Of Lithuania ◽  
Grand Duchy

Abstract The “Master of Rhodes Letter”, which tells of the birth of the Antichrist, was one of the most popular eschatological writings in Europe in the 15th century. This pseudo-epistle was translated from Latin into Russian in the middle of the 15th century in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania by Feofil Dederkin, an informant for the Grand Duke of Moscow Vasily Vasilyevich. Previously only one letter from Dederkin to the Grand Duke Vasily Vasilyevich was known: a translation from Latin describing the earthquakes in Italy in 1456. The “Master of Rhodes Letter” was translated a second time into Ukrainian from Latin in the 1630s, during a time when the Orthodox hierarchy in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth resisted the adoption of the Union of Brest. The third translation was made from English into Russian at beginning of the 18th century, and was believed by Metropolitan Job of Novgorod to be the work of Old Believers.

scholarly journals The Modernisation of the Court System in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania: Changes to the Organisation of the Local District Courts and Regulation of Judges’ Duties in 1764–1793

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-30
Author(s):  
Ramunė Šmigelskytė-Stukienė
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Court System ◽  
District Courts ◽  
Local District ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
State Administration ◽  
Grand Duchy Of Lithuania ◽  
Grand Duchy ◽  
Made In

In the mid-18th century, with the spread of the ideas of the Enlightenment, fundamental reforms of the state’s governance were introduced in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Part of the state’s modernisation concerned the reform of the court system, considered by 18th-century political theorists to be one of the composite branches of the state administration (alongside the treasury, the police and the army). During the reign of Stanislas Augustus Poniatowski, the work of the courts of first instance underwent reform on several occasions in Poland and Lithuania: with the passing of laws in 1764, 1792 and 1793 on the structure and organisation of the activities of the castle and land courts, the existing court system was changed, as was the procedure for electing judges, also defining the scope of competency of the courts, regulating court activities and the duties of judges, introducing new requirements for the handling of court procedural documents, and the calculation of judges’ working hours. During the course of the introduction of these reforms, principles reflecting the administrative ideas of the Enlightenment were gradually entrenched in the court system of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, which concerned the election of judges and other court officials, the acceptance of collegial decisions, the elimination of the influence of any blood and marital ties, and the principles for remuneration, seeking to introduce stricter requirements for the qualification of judges. In this article, based on legislation on the organisation of court activities passed at the diets (Sejm) of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and documents from the dietines (sejmiki) of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the author seeks to analyse changes to the activities of the courts and the regulation of judges’ duties, and reforms made in the court chanceries between 1764 and 1793.

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