scholarly journals The effects of high salinity on nitrogen removal and the formation characteristics of aerobic granular sludge

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 659-667 ◽  
Author(s):  
HyunGu Kim ◽  
DaeHee Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Microbial Community Analysis ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
Aerobic Granular Sludge ◽  
Mixed Liquor

This study investigated the biological treatment of high-salinity wastewater using aerobic granular sludge (AGS). The removal performance, AGS characteristics, and microbial community were examined under salinity conditions ranging from 0.5 to 3.0 wt.%. When the salinity was increased, the removal efficiency of the chemical oxygen demand did not change substantially. The mean removal efficiency of NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>-N ranged from 43.7 to 72.6% during the operation period. As for the concentration of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), the polysaccharide/protein (PS/PN) ratio increased from 0.37 to 0.57. The concentrations of the mixed liquor suspended solid (MLSS) and mixed liquor volatile suspended solid (MLVSS) were 4,560 and 3,170 mg/L, respectively, in the end phase, and the MLVSS/MLSS ratio decreased from 0.81 to 0.69. The sludge volume index (SVI<sub>30</sub>) decreased linearly from 88 to 58 mL/g. In the microbial community analysis, <i>Nitrosomonas</i> species accounted for 22.9% of the total bacteria in the initial phase, whereas <i>Halomonas</i> accounted for 43.2% in the end phase. Hence, the gradually increased salinity appears to facilitate the dominance of halophilic microorganisms in the long-term operation of an AGS-based biological treatment system and the stable retention of AGS.

Performance of aerobic granular sludge at variable circulation rate in anaerobic–aerobic conditions

2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (11) ◽  
pp. 2252-2257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasnida Harun ◽  
Aznah Nor Anuar ◽  
Zaini Ujang ◽  
Noor Hasyimah Rosman ◽  
Inawati Othman
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Ammonia Removal ◽  
Soy Sauce ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
Aerobic Granular Sludge ◽  
Circulation Rate ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Aerobic Conditions ◽  
Mixed Liquor

Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) has been applied to treat a broad range of industrial and municipal wastewater. AGS can be developed in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) with alternating anaerobic–aerobic conditions. To provide anaerobic conditions, the mixed liquor is allowed to circulate in the reactor without air supply. The circulation flow rate of mixed liquor in anaerobic condition is the most important parameter of operation in the anaerobic-AGS processes. Therefore, this study investigates the effect of circulation rate on the performance of the SBR with AGS. Two identical reactors namely R1 and R2 were operated using fermented soy sauce wastewater at circulation rate of 14.4 and 36.0 l/h, respectively. During the anaerobic conditions, the wastewater was pumped out from the upper part of the reactor and circulated back into the bottom of the reactor for 230 min. A compact and dense AGS was observed in both reactors with a similar diameter of 2.0 mm in average, although different circulation rates were adopted. The best reactor performance was achieved in R2 with chemical oxygen demand removal rate of 89%, 90% total phosphorus removal, 79% ammonia removal, 10.1 g/l of mixed liquor suspended solids and a sludge volume index of 25 ml/g.

scholarly journals The treatment of solvent recovery raffinate by aerobic granular sludge in a pilot-scale sequencing batch reactor

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 746-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bei Long ◽  
Chang-zhu Yang ◽  
Wen-hong Pu ◽  
Jia-kuan Yang ◽  
Guo-sheng Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
Aerobic Granular Sludge ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Solvent Recovery ◽  
Mixed Liquor

Mature aerobic granular sludge (AGS) was inoculated for the start-up of a pilot-scale sequencing batch reactor for the treatment of high concentration solvent recovery raffinate (SRR). The proportion of simulated wastewater (SW) (w/w) in the influent gradually decreased to zero during the operation, while volume of SRR gradually increased from zero to 10.84 L. AGS was successfully domesticated after 48 days, which maintained its structure during the operation. The domesticated AGS was orange, irregular, smooth and compact. Sludge volume index (SVI), SV30/SV5, mixed liquor volatile suspended solids/mixed liquor suspended solids (MLVSS/MLSS), extracellular polymeric substances, proteins/polysaccharides, average particle size, granulation rate, specific oxygen utilization rates (SOUR)H and (SOUR)N of AGS were about 38 mL/g, 0.97, 0.52, 39.73 mg/g MLVSS, 1.17, 1.51 mm, 96.66%, 47.40 mg O2/h g volatile suspended solids (VSS) and 8.96 mg O2/h g VSS, respectively. Good removal effect was achieved by the reactor. Finally, the removal rates of chemical oxygen demand (COD), total inorganic nitrogen (TIN), NH4+-N and total phosphorus (TP) were more than 98%, 96%, 97% and 97%, respectively. The result indicated gradually increasing the proportion of real wastewater in influent was a useful domestication method, and the feasibility of AGS for treatment of high C/N ratio industrial wastewater.

scholarly journals Microbial Community Shift and Role of Bacteria in Rapid Granulation By Using Diatomite

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hazlami Fikri Basri ◽  
Aznah Nor Anuar ◽  
Mohd Hakim Abdul Halim
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Community Analysis ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Microbial Community Analysis ◽  
Aerobic Granular Sludge ◽  
Granulation Process ◽  
Community Shift ◽  
Seed Sludge

Abstract Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) technology is a promising biological method for modern wastewater treatment. However, granulation time have become a major issue for the application of AGS technology especially in low strength wastewater. Recent studies on granulation are focusing towards rapid start-up granulation process. Diatomite, a friable light-coloured sedimentary rock was introduces in this study to enhanced the granules formation. This study highlight the effect of diatomite towards the microbial community during the transformation of seed sludge until development of granules. DNA extraction and Metagenomic analysis was conducted with three samples (seed sludge, control AGS, AGS diatomite) to compare the microbial community. The microbial community analysis revealed the alpha diversity, phylum and class level, and the abundance of EPS producing bacteria of each bacteria samples respectively. Diatomite has a significant influence towards the microbial diversity (High Shannon index alpha diversity). Also, diatomite promotes the abundance of functional bacteria especially EPS producing bacteria, which seen as a crucial elements in granulation process.

scholarly journals Effects of carbon to nitrogen ratio on the performance and stability of aerobic granular sludge

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
HyunGu Kim ◽  
JiTae Kim ◽  
DaeHee Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Extracellular Polymeric Substances ◽  
Influencing Factor ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
Aerobic Granular Sludge ◽  
Carbon To Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
Nitrogen Ratio

The purpose of this study was to assess the nutrient salts removal efficiency and stability of the aerobic granular sludge (AGS) by change in C/N (carbon to nitrogen) ratio. The laboratory-scale experiments were performed to analyze the removal efficiencies for organic matter and contents of nitrogen, MLSS, sludge volume index, and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) under C/N ratio conditions of 5.0, 10.0, 15.0, and 20.0. The microorganisms were observed using optical microscope and the microbial communities were analyzed using pyrosequencing. The increase in C/N ratio from 5.0 to 20.0 increased the organic matter and nitrogen removal efficiency to 95.9 and 79.1%, respectively. For the EPS contents, an influencing factor of granule stability, the polysaccharides to protein (PS/PN) ratio increased from 0.55 to 0.79. For the microbial community, the <i>Thauera</i> was the most common genus in ending phase occupying 63.7%. This microorganism is regarded as one contributing to organic matter degradation and improved production of EPS including AGS of microorganism, thus, may be an explanation of the results of this study such as increase in organic material in AGS and improvement of denitrification efficiency and contents of EPS with increase in C/N ratio.

scholarly journals Cultivation of aerobic granular sludge for the treatment of food-processing wastewater and the impact on membrane filtration properties

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Stes ◽  
M. Caluwé ◽  
L. Dockx ◽  
R. Cornelissen ◽  
P. De Langhe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Feeding Strategy ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
Aerobic Granular Sludge ◽  
Reactor Performance ◽  
Capillary Suction ◽  
The Impact

Abstract A lab-scale sequencing batch reactor was operated for approximately 300 days, divided into four periods based on the feeding strategy, to develop stable aerobic granular sludge (AGS) while treating chocolate processing wastewater. Application of a prolonged mixed anaerobic feeding was not sufficient to develop AGS and reach stable reactor performance. Through the application of a partially non-mixed and a partially mixed feeding strategy, the reactor performance was increased and stable AGS formation was established characterized by low diluted sludge volume index (D)SVI DSVI10,30) values of 78 ± 27 mL·g−1 and 52 ± 17 mL·g−1, respectively, and a capillary suction time/mixed liquor suspended solid value of 0.9 sec·(g·L−1)−1. The membrane bioreactor (MBR) filtration tests showed a reduction of the fouling rate (FR) and an increase of the sustainable flux (SF0.5) for AGS compared to flocs treating the same industrial wastewater. The SF0.5 (FR &gt; 0.5 mbar·min−1) for the flocs was 10 L·(m2·h)−1 while for AGS the SF0.5 is higher than 45 L·(m2·h)−1 because the FR did not exceed 0.1 mbar·min−1. Additionally, the AGS showed reduced irreversible fouling tendencies due to pore blocking. Our results underline the need for an increased substrate gradient during anaerobic feeding for the development and long-term maintenance of AGS under minimum wash-out conditions. The AGS–MBR filtration performance also shows strong advantages compared to a floccular MBR system due to a high increase of the SF0.5 and reduced reversible and irreversible fouling.

Performance and Microbial Community of Aerobic Granular Sludge Bioreactor

2014 ◽  
Vol 522-524 ◽  
pp. 405-410
Author(s):  
Xia Zhao ◽  
Ji Min Shen ◽  
Zhong Lin Chen ◽  
Xiao Chun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Aerobic Granular Sludge ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Balance System ◽  
Microbial Species

Aerobic granular sludge was cultivated from activated-sludge in sequencing batch reactor. The change of physical properties and the effect of treatment of organic substance and microbial community were studied in the process of the different influent organic loading rate. The results showed that the formation process of aerobic granulation was rapid but the granular sludge was not stable and existed a disintegration-reunion dynamic balance system. The value of MLSS descended from 5.12g/L to 1.03g/L. The removal efficiency of NH4+-N decreased to 74.17% and total phosphorous (TP) removal efficiency maintained beyond 90% all the while. The CODCr removal was over 85% which higher than that of after adding in methanol, then reduced but had trend of rise to 31.89% at last. Microbial species in granulation were speculated by detecting polyhydroxyalkan- oates between granular sludge and activated sludge in the reactor. The results showed that microbial species of activated sludge are more diverse.

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