Purification efficiency of eight aquatic plant species in an artificial floating island system in relation to extracellular enzyme activity and microbial community

The floating island system exploits the combination of aquatic plants, microorganisms, and extracellular enzymes to purify wastewater. We investigated the purification efficiency of eight aquatic plant species cultured in wastewater. The relationships of plant purification capacity with extracellular enzyme activity and microbial community were analyzed to explore the crucial factors that affect the plant purification capacity and the mechanism of pollutants removal in different plant systems. Three plant species, namely Oenanthe javanica, Thalia dealbata, and lris pseudacorus, were most effective for purification of ammonium-nitrogen (NH4+-N), total phosphate (TP), and chemical oxygen demand (COD) with maximum efficiencies of 76.09, 85.87, and 89.10%, respectively. Urease, alkaline phosphatase (AP), and β-glucosidase activities were significantly and positively correlated with root system development (P < 0.05). Activities of urease and AP were positively correlated with NH4+-N and TP removal, respectively. The magnitude of urease and AP activity was generally consistent with the plant’s capacity to remove NH4+-N and TP. β-Glucosidase activity and COD removal were not significantly correlated. The dominant microbial phylum in each species treatment was Proteobacteria. Alphaproteobacteria and Bacteroidia showed > 1% relative abundance and greater involvement in degradation of pollutants in the experimental system.

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Purification Efficiency of Eight Aquatic Plant Species in an Artificial Floating Island System in Relation to Extracellular Enzyme Activity and Microbial Community

10.21203/rs.3.rs-381642/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Qingfeng Chen ◽

You Feng ◽

Jinye Li ◽

Qing Li ◽

Ting Liu

Keyword(s):

Enzyme Activity ◽

Microbial Community ◽

Plant Species ◽

Aquatic Plant ◽

Extracellular Enzyme ◽

Purification Efficiency ◽

Floating Island ◽

Oenanthe Javanica ◽

Island System ◽

Thalia Dealbata

Abstract An artificial floating island is an ecological restoration technology that aims to create sustainable ecosystems and improve biodiversity. Aquatic plants play an important role in wastewater purification. The floating island system exploits the combination of aquatic plants, microorganisms, and extracellular enzymes to purify wastewater. We investigated the purification efficiency of eight aquatic plant species (Ceratophyllum demersum, Elodea nuttallii, Eichhornia crassipes, lris pseudacorus, lris sibirica, Myriophyllum verticillatum, Thalia dealbata and Oenanthe javanica) cultured in wastewater. The relationships of plant purification capacity with extracellular enzyme activity and microbial community were analyzed to explore the crucial factors that affect the plant purification capacity and the mechanism of pollutants removal in different plant systems. Three plant species, namely Oenanthe javanica, Thalia dealbata, and lris pseudacorus, were the most effective for purification of ammonium-nitrogen (NH4+-N), total phosphate (TP), and chemical oxygen demand (COD) with maximum efficiencies of 76.09%, 85.87%, and 89.10%, respectively. Urease, alkaline phosphatase (AP), and β-glucosidase activities were significantly and positively correlated with root system development (P < 0.05). Activities of urease and AP were positively correlated with NH4+-N and TP removal, respectively. The magnitude of urease and AP activity was generally consistent with the plant’s capacity to remove NH4+-N and TP. β-Glucosidase activity and COD removal were not significantly correlated. The dominant microbial phylum in each species treatment was Proteobacteria. Alphaproteobacteria and Bacteroidia showed > 1% relative abundance and greater involvement in degradation of pollutants in the experimental system. The results provide a scientific and theoretical basis for improvement of the plant purification efficiency of artificial floating island systems.

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Influence of water availability and temperature on estimates of microbial extracellular enzyme activity

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.10994 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

pp. e10994

Author(s):

Enrique J. Gomez ◽

Jose A. Delgado ◽

Juan M. Gonzalez

Keyword(s):

Enzyme Activity ◽

Water Availability ◽

Extracellular Enzymes ◽

Extracellular Enzyme ◽

High Water ◽

Extracellular Enzyme Activity ◽

Soil Conditions ◽

Natural Soil ◽

Influence Of Water ◽

Complex Polymers

Soils are highly heterogeneous and support highly diverse microbial communities. Microbial extracellular enzymes breakdown complex polymers into small assimilable molecules representing the limiting step of soil organic matter mineralization. This process occurs on to soil particles although currently it is typically estimated in laboratory aqueous solutions. Herein, estimates of microbial extracellular enzyme activity were obtained over a broad range of temperatures and water availabilities frequently observed at soil upper layers. A Pseudomonas strain presented optimum extracellular enzyme activities at high water activity whereas a desiccation resistant bacterium (Deinococcus) and a soil thermophilic isolate (Parageobacillus) showed optimum extracellular enzyme activity under dried (i.e., water activities ranging 0.5–0.8) rather that wet conditions. Different unamended soils presented a distinctive response of extracellular enzyme activity as a function of temperature and water availability. This study presents a procedure to obtain realistic estimates of microbial extracellular enzyme activity under natural soil conditions of extreme water availability and temperature. Improving estimates of microbial extracellular enzyme activity contribute to better understand the role of microorganisms in soils.

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Changes in extracellular enzyme activity and microbial community structure with soil depth at the Luquillo Critical Zone Observatory

Soil Biology and Biochemistry ◽

10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.04.017 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 75 ◽

pp. 237-247 ◽

Cited By ~ 130

Author(s):

M.M. Stone ◽

J.L. DeForest ◽

A.F. Plante

Keyword(s):

Enzyme Activity ◽

Community Structure ◽

Microbial Community ◽

Microbial Community Structure ◽

Soil Depth ◽

Extracellular Enzyme ◽

Critical Zone ◽

Extracellular Enzyme Activity ◽

Critical Zone Observatory

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Distribusi Bakteri Penghasil Enzim Ekstraseluler Pada Saluran Pencernaan Lobster Mutiara (Panulirus ornatus)

Jurnal Sains Teknologi & Lingkungan ◽

10.29303/jstl.v5i2.129 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 71

Author(s):

Fatur Rahman ◽

Ismiati Ismiati ◽

Arbai Nurhasanah

Keyword(s):

Enzyme Activity ◽

Digestive Tract ◽

Extracellular Enzymes ◽

Extracellular Enzyme ◽

Extracellular Enzyme Activity ◽

Bacterial Isolates ◽

Clear Zone ◽

Zone Diameter ◽

Protease Enzyme ◽

Proteolytic Bacteria

The activity of the digestive function of animals is influenced by the secretion of extracellular enzymes from bacteria in the digestive tract. This study aims to evaluate the distribution of bacteria producing protease enzyme, amylase and lipase from the digestive tract of pearl lobster, Panulirus ornatus. Bacterial isolates that have extracellular enzyme activity are based on their ability to form clear zones in the test media. The results showed that of 51 bacterial isolates from the digestive tract of P. ornatus, proteolytic bacteria were 27.45%, amylolytic bacteria were 23.53% and lipolytic bacteria were 21.77%. Based on bacterial dominance in the gastrointestinal segment, namely the cardiac, piloric and intestinal sections, it was dominated by amylolytic bacteria at 33.33%, proteolytic at 37.50% and lipolytic at 29.41%. The activity of proteolytic, amylolytic and lipolytic bacteria based on the highest clear zone diameter was achieved respectively by SP5 isolates of 12 mm, SK10 isolates of 21 mm and SU15 isolates of 20 mm. The three bacterial isolates were potential as probiotic aquacultur candidates

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