scholarly journals Municipal Waste Water Toxicity Evaluation with Vibrio Fisheri

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 39-42
Author(s):  
Helena Raclavska ◽  
Jarmila Drozdova ◽  
Silvie Hartmann
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Linear Dependence ◽  
Vibrio Fischeri ◽  
Sewage Water ◽  
Municipal Waste ◽  
Organic Micropollutants ◽  
Toxicity Evaluation ◽  
Risk Elements ◽  
Risk Element

Toxicity of municipal waste water observed by means of Vibrio fischeri proved a primary dependence between the content of organics and inhibition. A linear dependence between COD and inhibition determined by means of Vibrio fischeri was established. In 30 days following sampling organic matter was degraded and the value of inhibition fell from 80 % to 27.67 %. This value corresponds to the real impact of micropollutants (risk elements, organic micropollutants) on inhibition. The content of risk elements in municipal waste water implies that the values are significantly higher than EC50 defined for Daphnia magna. Risk element ecotoxicity is affected by the form of occurrence and it is thus probable that there are risk elements predominantly in the form of complexes in sewage water.

Pre-Precipitation Facilitates Nitrogen Removal without Tank Expansion

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 85-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingemar Karlsson ◽  
Gunnar Smith
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Chemical Precipitation ◽  
Sewage Water ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Denitrification Process

Chemically coagulated sewage water gives an effluent low in both suspended matter and organics. To use chemical precipitation as the first step in waste water treatment improves nitrification in the following biological stage. The precipitated sludge contains 75% of the organic matter in the sewage and can by hydrolysis be converted to readily degradable organic matter, which presents a valuable carbon source for the denitrification process. This paper will review experiences from full-scale applications as well as pilot-plant and laboratory studies.

Simultaneous Organic Matter Removal in a Cyclic Activated Sludge Reactor from Municipal Waste Water

2010 ◽  
Vol 113-116 ◽  
pp. 952-955
Author(s):  
Hong Wei Wang ◽  
Jian Huang ◽  
Xin Yu Wang ◽  
Xiao Hong Wu ◽  
Tie Dong Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Municipal Waste ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Organic Matter Removal ◽  
Activated Sludge Reactor ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽  
Degradation Ability

The aerobic and anaerobic cyclic activated sludge reactor of A/O process was separated into an A/O domestication segments and organic matter removal ability strengthen segments. In the A/O disposal system, organic carbon degradation, nitrogen and phosphorus removal from municipal waste water in reactor were investigated. Results showed that good performance of the A/O disposal system was achieved and the highest removal efficiencies of COD, TN and TP were 96%, 50% and 75%, respectively. When organic loadings varied from low to high, the removal ability increased and then the hybrid microbe in activated sludge degradation ability became strong. So the cyclic activated sludge was a useful method for eliminate organic matter removal from municipal waste water.

Pre-Precipitation Facilitates Nitrogen Removal without Tank Expansion

1991 ◽  
Vol 23 (4-6) ◽  
pp. 811-817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingemar Karlsson ◽  
Gunnar Smith
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Chemical Precipitation ◽  
Sewage Water ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Denitrification Process

Chemically coagulated sewage water gives an effluent low in both suspended matter and organics. To use chemical precipitation as the first step in waste water treatment improves nitrification in the following biological stage. The precipitated sludge contains 75% of the organic matter in the sewage and can by hydrolysis be converted to readily degradable organic matter, which presents a valuable carbon source for the denitrification process. This paper will review experiences from full scale applications as well as pilot plant- and laboratory studies.

Occurrence and Removal of Cryptosporidium spp. Oocysts and Giardia spp. Cysts in Kenyan Waste Stabilisation Ponds

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 97-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Grimason ◽  
H. V. Smith ◽  
W. N. Thitai ◽  
P. G. Smith ◽  
M. H. Jackson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Municipal Waste ◽  
Retention Period ◽  
Waste Stabilisation Ponds ◽  
Cryptosporidium Spp ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Microbiological Parameters ◽  
Final Effluent

This study was designed to determine tlie occurrence and removal of Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts and Giardia spp. cysts, in municipal waste-water by waste stabilisation ponds in tlie Republic of Kenya. Eleven waste stabilisation pond systems located in towns across Kenya were included. A total of 66 waste-water samples were examined for the presence of oocysts and cysts, comprising 11 raw waste-water and 55 pond effluent samples over a two month period. Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts were detected in 6 and Giardia spp. cysts in 9 of the designated pond systems analysed demonstrating their ubiquitous nature throughout Kenya. Oocyst levels detected in raw waste-water samples ranged from 12.5 - 72.97 oocysts/l and various pond effluents between 2.25 - 50 oocysts/l. Cyst levels detected in raw waste-water samples ranged from 212.5 to 6212.5 cysts/l and in various pond effluents from 3.125 to 230.7 cysts/l. No Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts were detected in the final effluent from any pond systems studied (11/11). Whereas no Giardia spp. cysts were detected in the final effluent from 10 of 11 waste stabilisation pond systems studied, one pond system was found to be consistently discharging cysts in the final effluent at concentrations ranging from 40 to 50 cysts/l. The minimum retention period for the removal of Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts and Giardia spp. cysts was 37.3 days. Laboratory experiments were performed to assess physico-chemical and microbiological parameters to express relationships between pond performance and protozoa removal.

Photooxidation Kinetics of Organic Pollutants in Municipal Waste Water

1971 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 509-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Schorr ◽  
Bruno Boval ◽  
Vladislav Hancil ◽  
J. M. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Municipal Waste ◽  
Kinetics Of

Comparison of two treatments for the removal of selected organic micropollutants and bulk organic matter: conventional activated sludge followed by ultrafiltration versus membrane bioreactor

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 733-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Sahar ◽  
M. Ernst ◽  
M. Godehardt ◽  
A. Hein ◽  
J. Herr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Macrolide Antibiotics ◽  
Organic Micropollutants ◽  
Removal Rates ◽  
Conventional Activated Sludge

The potential of membrane bioreactor (MBR) systems to remove organic micropollutants was investigated at different scales, operational conditions, and locations. The effluent quality of the MBR system was compared with that of a plant combining conventional activated sludge (CAS) followed by ultrafiltration (UF). The MBR and CAS-UF systems were operated and tested in parallel. An MBR pilot plant in Israel was operated for over a year at a mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) range of 2.8–10.6 g/L. The MBR achieved removal rates comparable to those of a CAS-UF plant at the Tel-Aviv wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) for macrolide antibiotics such as roxythromycin, clarithromycin, and erythromycin and slightly higher removal rates than the CAS-UF for sulfonamides. A laboratory scale MBR unit in Berlin – at an MLSS of 6–9 g/L – showed better removal rates for macrolide antibiotics, trimethoprim, and 5-tolyltriazole compared to the CAS process of the Ruhleben sewage treatment plant (STP) in Berlin when both were fed with identical quality raw wastewater. The Berlin CAS exhibited significantly better benzotriazole removal and slightly better sulfamethoxazole and 4-tolyltriazole removal than its MBR counterpart. Pilot MBR tests (MLSS of 12 g/L) in Aachen, Germany, showed that operating flux significantly affected the resulting membrane fouling rate, but the removal rates of dissolved organic matter and of bisphenol A were not affected.

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