scholarly journals Velocity distribution of 43Ca+ion cloud in the low temperature limit in a quadrupole Penning Trap

2021 ◽  
pp. 38-41
Author(s):  
Dyavappa B M
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Velocity Distribution ◽  
Penning Trap ◽  
Ion Trap ◽  
Axial Direction ◽  
Temperature Limit ◽  
Dc Voltage ◽  
Ion Cloud

Penning trap has electric field created by DC voltage applied between ring and end cap electrodes and magnetic field is applied along symmetry axis, as the electric field confines ions in the axial direction through an electric potential minimum and the magnetic field confines the ions in the radial direction. The trapping potential created by the DC voltage applied between the end cap and ring electrodes in the low temperature limit is cancelled by Coulomb interaction of ions and the total energy is mainly kinetic energy of ions. The velocity distribution of 43Ca+ ions along axial direction, in radial plane and total velocity distribution due to resulting motion of both axial and radial motion of ions in low temperature limit in a Quadrupole Penning trap are presented here. These results reveal the properties of 43Ca+ ion cloud and are useful to study confining techniques for different types of ions in low temperature limit and a qubit can be encoded in the hyperfine ground states of 43Ca+ isotope for ion trap quantum computation.

scholarly journals Energy distribution of an ion cloud in a quadrupole Penning Trap

2020 ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
B. M. Dyavappa
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Energy Distribution ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Penning Trap ◽  
Axial Direction ◽  
Temperature Limit ◽  
Ion Cloud

Ions are confined in Penning trap by the combination of electric field and magnetic field, as the electric field confines ions in the axial direction through an electric potential minimum and the magnetic field applied along the axis of the trap confines the ions in the radial direction. In the high temperature limit Coulomb interaction of ions can be neglected and the total energy is due to the electrostatic potential energy of the charge of ions and kinetic energy due to thermal energy. However, in the low temperature limit the trapping potential created by the dc voltage applied between the end cap and ring electrodes is cancelled by Coulomb interaction of ions and the total energy is mainly kinetic energy of ions. The probability density of energy distribution of ions along axial direction, in radial plane and total probability density of energy distribution due to resulting motion of both axial and radial motion of ions under high temperature and low temperature limits in a Quadrupole Penning trap are presented here. These results reveal the energy properties of ion cloud and are useful to carry out accurate measurement experiments on single stored particle, antiparticles with energy related parameters, under high temperature and low temperature limits in a Quadrupole Penning trap.

scholarly journals Ion energy increase in laser-generated plasma expanding through axial magnetic field trap

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 453-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Torrisi ◽  
D. Margarone ◽  
S. Gammino ◽  
L. Andò
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Axial Magnetic Field ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Target Surface ◽  
Axial Direction ◽  
Ion Interactions ◽  
The Magnetic Field

Laser-generated plasma is obtained in high vacuum (10−7 mbar) by irradiation of metallic targets (Al, Cu, Ta) with laser beam with intensities of the order of 1010 W/cm2. An Nd:Yag laser operating at 1064 nm wavelength, 9 ns pulse width, and 500 mJ maximum pulse energy is used. Time of flight measurements of ion emission along the direction normal to the target surface were performed with an ion collector. Measurements with and without a 0.1 Tesla magnetic field, directed along the normal to the target surface, have been taken for different target-detector distances and for increasing laser pulse intensity. Results have demonstrated that the magnetic field configuration creates an electron trap in front of the target surface along the axial direction. Electric fields inside the trap induce ion acceleration; the presence of electron bundles not only focuses the ion beam but also increases its energy, mean charge state and current. The explanation of this phenomenon can be found in the electric field modification inside the non-equilibrium plasma because of an electron bunching that increases the number of electron-ion interactions. The magnetic field, in fact, modifies the electric field due to the charge separation between the clouds of fast electrons, many of which remain trapped in the magnetic hole, and slow ions, ejected from the ablated target; moreover it increases the number of electron-ion interactions producing higher charge states.

Magnetic-Field-Dependent Electrical Tree Under Impulse-Superimposed DC Voltage at Low Temperature

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
T. Han ◽  
Lewei Zhu ◽  
F. Y. Wang ◽  
T. T. Ma ◽  
B. X. Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Dc Voltage ◽  
Electrical Tree ◽  
Field Dependent

Simulation of the influence of constant uniform magnetic field on a miniature LIT mass spectrometer

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Feng ◽  
Xiaoqiang Pei ◽  
Yongjun Cheng ◽  
Wenjun Sun ◽  
Gang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Ion Trap ◽  
Ion Trapping ◽  
Trapping Efficiency ◽  
Application Development ◽  
Ion Cloud ◽  
The Magnetic Field

In this paper, the effects of constant uniform magnetic fields on a miniature linear ion trap mass spectrometer with hyperbolic electrodes are simulated using SIMION 8.0 3D software. Magnetic fields in different directions have different effects on the trajectories of the trapped ions and the shape of the ion cloud. When the magnetic field is applied in the z-direction, namely the ion injection direction, the magnetic field will cause the ions focusing to the z-axis, and exert a compression effect on the ion cloud. When the magnetic field is applied in the x-y plane, the original ion cloud will be expanded due to the action of the applied magnetic field, and the ion cloud plane after expansion is always perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field. The discovery of influence field of magnetic will bring some useful inspiration for the improvement of ion trapping efficiency, mass resolution, sensitivity and trapping capacity, which is conductive to the performance enhancement utilization of magnetic field, even in the industrial application development and other aspects.

The superfluid energy gap in 3He-B as a function of magnetic field in the low temperature limit

1992 ◽  
Vol 178 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 336-339
Author(s):  
S.N. Fisher ◽  
A.M. Guénault ◽  
C.J. Kennedy ◽  
G.R. Pickett
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Energy Gap ◽  
Temperature Limit

Microstructural Modification of Metallic Materials by Electromagnetic Processing and the Theoretical Interpretation

2007 ◽  
Vol 29-30 ◽  
pp. 123-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Zuo ◽  
Yu Dong Zhang ◽  
Zhuo Chao Hu ◽  
H.I. Faraoun ◽  
Xiang Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Iron Carbide ◽  
Theoretical Interpretation ◽  
First Principle ◽  
Precipitation Sequence ◽  
Surface Charges ◽  
Cold Rolled ◽  
The Magnetic Field

The recrystallization behaviors of cold rolled aluminum alloys in electric field up to 400kV/mm and the phase transformation processes of proeutectoid steels under magnetic field up to 14 Tesla have been experimentally examined. It has been found that both the electric field and the magnetic field have influence on the evolution of texture and microstructure characteristics. During the recrystallization annealing under the electric field of the cold-rolled 3104 aluminum alloy sheets, the electric field postpones the recovery and recrystallization progress. First principle calculation was performed to study the electric structures of aluminum atoms and vacancies. It shows that vacancies that are helpful for recovery are electrically negative. As the sample worked as anode during electric field annealing, it was covered with positive surface charges that attract the electronegative vacancies in the vicinity of the free surface and annihilate them. In this way, the recovery and then the recrystallization are postponed. The magnetic field applied changes the precipitation sequence of transitional carbides during low temperature tempering that makes the relatively high-temperature monoclinic χ-Fe5C2 carbide precipitated without following the usual precipitation sequence, i.e. by skipping the precipitation of the usual orthorhombic η-Fe2C carbide. To reveal the working mechanism of this phenomenon, first principle calculations were performed to study the formation energies of the two iron-carbide systems and their electronic and magnetic structures and properties. Calculation results show that η-Fe2C has lower formation energy, which is proved by the formation sequence observed during the usual low temperature tempering process. However, χ-Fe5C2 has the higher magnetic moment, which enhances the stability under the magnetic field through magnetization. Therefore, under the magnetic field its precipitation tendency is increased.

Low-temperature limit of the rate of propagation of chains in the hydrobromination of ethylene

1979 ◽  
Vol 76 ◽  
pp. 1013-1015 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.P. Kiryukhin ◽  
I.M. Barkalov ◽  
V.l. Goldanskii
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Temperature Limit

PEMANFAATAN RADIASI ENERGI TEGANGAN 150 KV UNTUK LAMPU LED PENERANGAN JALAN

Jurnal Teknik ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauludi Manfaluthy
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
World Health ◽  
Electromagnetic Signals ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Magnetic Field ◽  
Low Frequency Waves

WHO (World Health Organization) concludes that not much effect is caused by electric field up to 20 kV / m in humans. WHO standard also mentions that humans will not be affected by the magnetic field under  100 micro tesla and that the electric field will affect the human body with a maximum standard of 5,000 volts per meter. In this study did not discuss about the effect of high voltage radiation SUTT (High Voltage Air Channel) with human health. The research will focus on energy utilization of SUTT radiation. The combination of electric field and magnetic field on SUTT (70-150KV) can generate electromagnetic (EM) and radiation waves, which are expected to be converted to turn on street lights around the location of high voltage areas or into other forms. The design of this prototype works like an antenna in general that captures electromagnetic signals and converts them into AC waves. With a capacitor that can store the potential energy of AC and Schottky diode waves created specifically for low frequency waves, make the current into one direction (DC). From the research results obtained the current generated from the radiation is very small even though the voltage is big enough.Keywords : Radiance Energy, Joule Thief, and  LED Module.

A 3 T superconducting magnet for long-run magnetic Compton-scattering experiments

1998 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 937-939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuhiko Sakai ◽  
Hiroshi Ohkubo ◽  
Yasushi Nakamura
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Compton Scattering ◽  
Superconducting Magnet ◽  
Field Direction ◽  
Compton Profile ◽  
Magnetic Field Direction ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Radiation Shields ◽  
The Magnetic Field

A 3 T superconducting magnet has been designed and constructed for magnetic Compton-profile (MCP) measurements with the new capabilities that the magnetic field direction can be altered quickly (within 5 s) and liquid-He refill is not required for more than one week. For the latter capability, two refrigerators have been directly attached to the cryostat to maintain the low temperature of the radiation shields and for the recondensation of liquid He. The system has been satisfactorily operated for over one week.

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