scholarly journals Energy distribution of an ion cloud in a quadrupole Penning Trap

2020 ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
B. M. Dyavappa
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Energy Distribution ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Penning Trap ◽  
Axial Direction ◽  
Temperature Limit ◽  
Ion Cloud

Ions are confined in Penning trap by the combination of electric field and magnetic field, as the electric field confines ions in the axial direction through an electric potential minimum and the magnetic field applied along the axis of the trap confines the ions in the radial direction. In the high temperature limit Coulomb interaction of ions can be neglected and the total energy is due to the electrostatic potential energy of the charge of ions and kinetic energy due to thermal energy. However, in the low temperature limit the trapping potential created by the dc voltage applied between the end cap and ring electrodes is cancelled by Coulomb interaction of ions and the total energy is mainly kinetic energy of ions. The probability density of energy distribution of ions along axial direction, in radial plane and total probability density of energy distribution due to resulting motion of both axial and radial motion of ions under high temperature and low temperature limits in a Quadrupole Penning trap are presented here. These results reveal the energy properties of ion cloud and are useful to carry out accurate measurement experiments on single stored particle, antiparticles with energy related parameters, under high temperature and low temperature limits in a Quadrupole Penning trap.

scholarly journals Velocity distribution of 43Ca+ion cloud in the low temperature limit in a quadrupole Penning Trap

2021 ◽  
pp. 38-41
Author(s):  
Dyavappa B M
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Velocity Distribution ◽  
Penning Trap ◽  
Ion Trap ◽  
Axial Direction ◽  
Temperature Limit ◽  
Dc Voltage ◽  
Ion Cloud

Penning trap has electric field created by DC voltage applied between ring and end cap electrodes and magnetic field is applied along symmetry axis, as the electric field confines ions in the axial direction through an electric potential minimum and the magnetic field confines the ions in the radial direction. The trapping potential created by the DC voltage applied between the end cap and ring electrodes in the low temperature limit is cancelled by Coulomb interaction of ions and the total energy is mainly kinetic energy of ions. The velocity distribution of 43Ca+ ions along axial direction, in radial plane and total velocity distribution due to resulting motion of both axial and radial motion of ions in low temperature limit in a Quadrupole Penning trap are presented here. These results reveal the properties of 43Ca+ ion cloud and are useful to study confining techniques for different types of ions in low temperature limit and a qubit can be encoded in the hyperfine ground states of 43Ca+ isotope for ion trap quantum computation.

scholarly journals GENERALIZED PARTITION FUNCTIONS AND INTERPOLATING STATISTICS

1998 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 843-852 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. F. BORGES ◽  
H. BOSCHI-FILHO ◽  
C. FARINA
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Virial Coefficient ◽  
Second Virial Coefficient ◽  
Temperature Limit ◽  
Partition Functions ◽  
High Temperature Limit ◽  
Full Temperature ◽  
Generalized Partition ◽  
Relativistic Particles

We show that the assumption of quasiperiodic boundary conditions (those that interpolate continuously periodic and antiperiodic conditions) in order to compute partition functions of relativistic particles in 2+1 space–time can be related with anyonic physics. In particular, in the low temperature limit, our result leads to the well-known second virial coefficient for anyons. Besides, we also obtain the high temperature limit as well as the full temperature dependence of this coefficient.

Temperature Dependence Electron-Impurity Scattering Rate in Doped Bilayer Graphene

2013 ◽  
Vol 665 ◽  
pp. 154-158
Author(s):  
Digish K. Patel ◽  
K.N. Vyas ◽  
A.C. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Impurity Scattering ◽  
Temperature Limit ◽  
Bilayer Graphene ◽  
Particle Energy ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
High Temperature Limit ◽  
Scattering Rate

Apart from its promising new material for technological innovations and applications, graphene offers a new and novel physics. In recent past, both single layer and bilayer Graphene have extensively been studied. Properties of Graphene sharply differ from that of 2DEG observed in doped semiconductor heterostructures. One of the important properties requisite for device making is charge transport. It has been suggested that considering a scattering mechanism based on screened charged impurities, one can obtain from a Boltzmann equation approach a conductivity that agrees with the experimental result on graphene. In this paper, we present a calculation of electron-impurity scattering rate, as a function of quasi particle energy ε measured from Fermi energy εf, in doped bilayer graphene for both high temperature TTf and low temperature TTf regimes. In the low temperature limit, we observe dip at normalized energy y=1.0, which is absent in the high temperature limit. Our numerical calculation shows that scattering rate remains almost constant with temperature in both regimes.

The superfluid energy gap in 3He-B as a function of magnetic field in the low temperature limit

1992 ◽  
Vol 178 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 336-339
Author(s):  
S.N. Fisher ◽  
A.M. Guénault ◽  
C.J. Kennedy ◽  
G.R. Pickett
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Energy Gap ◽  
Temperature Limit

NOVEL VORTEX STRIPE PHASE UNDER STRONG MAGNETIC FIELD IN HIGH TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (01n03) ◽  
pp. 9-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
YAN CHEN ◽  
Z. D. WANG ◽  
C. S. TING
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Vortex Structure ◽  
High Temperature Superconductors ◽  
Density Wave ◽  
Spin Density Wave ◽  
Upper Critical Field ◽  
Stripe Phase ◽  
Stripe Phases

The nature of vortex structure in the mixed state of high-temperature superconductors (HTS) is investigated by solving the Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations with consideration of competition between antiferromagnetic (AF) and d-wave superconductivity (DSC) orders. By varying the applied magnetic field and temperature, the geometry of vortex structure can take two different forms: conventional vortex lattice (triangular or square), or vortex stripe phases where all the order parameters including spin density wave, charge density wave and superconducting order exhibit stripe-like behavior. This novel vortex stripe phases may show up at low temperature and adjacent to upper critical field H c2 Phase diagram of temperature dependence of H c2 will be presented. Our results may shed light on the understanding of the low-temperature H c2 anomalies in some HTS. New experiments are proposed to test our predictions.

scholarly journals Experimental investigation of the ecological hybrid refrigeration cycle

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-154
Author(s):  
Piotr Cyklis ◽  
Ryszard Kantor ◽  
Tomasz Ryncarz ◽  
Bogusław Górski ◽  
Roman Duda
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Heat Source ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Temperature Limit ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Temperature Cycle ◽  
Compression System ◽  
High Temperature Limit ◽  
University Of Technology

Abstract The requirements for environmentally friendly refrigerants promote application of CO2 and water as working fluids. However there are two problems related to that, namely high temperature limit for CO2 in condenser due to the low critical temperature, and low temperature limit for water being the result of high triple point temperature. This can be avoided by application of the hybrid adsorption-compression system, where water is the working fluid in the adsorption high temperature cycle used to cool down the CO2 compression cycle condenser. The adsorption process is powered with a low temperature renewable heat source as solar collectors or other waste heat source. The refrigeration system integrating adsorption and compression system has been designed and constructed in the Laboratory of Thermodynamics and Thermal Machine Measurements of Cracow University of Technology. The heat source for adsorption system consists of 16 tube tulbular collectors. The CO2 compression low temperature cycle is based on two parallel compressors with frequency inverter. Energy efficiency and TEWI of this hybrid system is quite promising in comparison with the compression only systems.

scholarly journals Design Development and Analysis of a Partially Superconducting Axial Flux Motor Using YBCO Bulks

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 4295
Author(s):  
Brahim Chelarem Douma ◽  
Bilal Abderezzak ◽  
Elhadj Ailam ◽  
Raluca-Andreea Felseghi ◽  
Constantin Filote ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Magnetic Flux ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Theoretical Study ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Axial Flux ◽  
Flux Concentration ◽  
The Magnetic Field

In this work, authors have designed, constructed and tested a new kind of partially superconducting axial flux machine. This model is based on the magnetic flux concentration principle. The magnetic field creation part consists of the NbTi superconducting solenoid and two YBaCuO plates. A theoretical study is conducted of an extrapolated superconducting inductor for low-temperature superconducting and high-temperature superconducting solenoids. The optimization of the inductor is carried out in order to increase the torque and the power density as well. This improvement is done by changing the shape of the elements which form the superconducting inductor. Finally, a prototype is realized, and tested.

scholarly journals The decay of isotropic magnetohydrodynamics turbulence and the effects of cross-helicity

2018 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoine Briard ◽  
Thomas Gomez
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Energy Spectrum ◽  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Isotropic Turbulence ◽  
Reynolds Numbers ◽  
Inertial Range ◽  
Mhd Turbulence ◽  
Previous Prediction

Decaying homogeneous and isotropic magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) turbulence is investigated numerically at large Reynolds numbers thanks to the eddy-damped quasi-normal Markovian (EDQNM) approximation. Without any background mean magnetic field, the total energy spectrum $E$ scales as $k^{-3/2}$ in the inertial range as a consequence of the modelling. Moreover, the total energy is shown, both analytically and numerically, to decay at the same rate as kinetic energy in hydrodynamic isotropic turbulence: this differs from a previous prediction, and thus physical arguments are proposed to reconcile both results. Afterwards, the MHD turbulence is made imbalanced by an initial non-zero cross-helicity. A spectral modelling is developed for the velocity–magnetic correlation in a general homogeneous framework, which reveals that cross-helicity can contain subtle anisotropic effects. In the inertial range, as the Reynolds number increases, the slope of the cross-helical spectrum becomes closer to $k^{-5/3}$ than $k^{-2}$. Furthermore, the Elsässer spectra deviate from $k^{-3/2}$ with cross-helicity at large Reynolds numbers. Regarding the pressure spectrum $E_{P}$, its kinetic and magnetic parts are found to scale with $k^{-2}$ in the inertial range, whereas the part due to cross-helicity rather scales in $k^{-7/3}$. Finally, the two $4/3$rd laws for the total energy and cross-helicity are assessed numerically at large Reynolds numbers.

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