scholarly journals Reading the Book of Job and Camus' La Peste during COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-27
Author(s):  
Erwin Susanto
Keyword(s):  
Active Response ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Book Of Job ◽  
Religious Person ◽  
Divine Justice ◽  
The World ◽  
The Way

The pandemic crisis that is COVID-19 has caused unprecedented suffering throughout the world. At such a time, the religious person can legitimately ask why God allows this and how one’s faith might wrestle with such tragedy. In my search of the Scriptures to respond to these questions, I find the Book of Job to be a fruitful dialogue partner—be it in the way it urges one to consider aspects of suffering that are not apparent or in how it resists attempts at oversimplifying God’s character. In this essay, I compare the Book of Job with Albert Camus’s novel La Peste, the latter being set during an epidemic. I argue that both literary works provide space for a theological voice to recognize and articulate suffering in terms of divine justice; both works also enable one to resist any concrete framework for explaining suffering. I then suggest that La Peste complements one’s reading of Job as Scripture by highlighting both the importance of active response to suffering as well as the relational dimension of suffering in the world, which should prove to be helpful in this time of crisis and beyond.

Dostoevskii and the Book of Job: The Struggle to Find Faith

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Rampton
Keyword(s):  
Literary Analysis ◽  
Recent Criticism ◽  
Book Of Job ◽  
The World ◽  
The Way

The book of Job is essential for understanding Dostoevskii’s art, because of the similarity of the questions the authors engage with and the way their texts are constructed. However, ambiguities in the book of Job itself as well as disagreements about the presentation of faith and doubt in Dostoevskii’s fiction have made the discussion of precisely how the book of Job influenced Dostoevskii remarkably wide-ranging. In this article I argue for complementing the literary analysis of Dostoevskii’s novels with the insights of recent criticism of the book of Job. According to this reading, Job does not provide Dostoevskii with a cognitive answer to the question of why the innocent suffer or explain the existence of evil in the world, but rather acts as a confirmation that faith is a process in which doubt plays a crucial and ongoing role.

scholarly journals THE CHARACTERISTICS OF SIMILES IN UZBEK AND KOREAN LANGUAGES AND THE SYMBOLIC MEANING OF ANIMALS USED IN SIMILE EXPRESSIONS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jo MINYOUNG ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
Symbolic Meaning ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Way

This thesis explains the characteristics of the simile concept and application of Uzbek and Korean, and the differences and similarities between the objects used as simile auxiliary ideas in Uzbek and Korean through simile example sentences. Humans have been vividly and efficiently expressing parts and various thoughts that are difficult to speak directly through the method of simile within a limited vocabulary for a long time. In particular, it can be seen that expressing animals, plants, and nature, which have always been together since the beginning of humanity, in relation to simile objects, occurs frequently in everyday life and in literary works. For a long time, many scholars around the world have found that metaphors are indispensable and important tools in human cognitive activity, and in particular, representing animals that are closest to humans is very effective in the way humans communicate.

Protest and Enlightenment in the Book of Job

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wes Morriston
Keyword(s):  
Philosophy Of Religion ◽  
Alvin Plantinga ◽  
Contemporary Philosophy ◽  
Book Of Job ◽  
Religious Texts ◽  
Contemporary Christian ◽  
The World ◽  
Eleonore Stump ◽  
The Way

This chapter takes a close and critical look at the use made of the Book of Job by two contemporary Christian philosophers, Alvin Plantinga and Eleonore Stump. Their interpretations illustrate the way in which the theological or confessional turn in contemporary philosophy of religion can blind us to what foundational religious texts actually say. By carefully re-examining the Book of Job, the chapter seeks to show how even their own scriptures may sometimes undermine the standpoints of traditionalists. Read without theological blinders, the Book of Job presents a sharp challenge to traditional ideas about God and the world, while the theophany at the climax of the book opens up highly unorthodox but religiously interesting possibilities.

ANALYSIS OF FEELING IN JOHN KEATS’ AND KATE CHOPIN’S LITERARY WORKS

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Sri Winarsih
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Literature ◽  
Social Life ◽  
John Keats ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
Kate Chopin ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
The Awakening ◽  
The World ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
The Way

Some of the best literary works around the world are very good to learn, such as a poem “Ode on a Grecian Urn” by John Keats which is phenomenal by the quote “Beauty is truth, truth beauty”, and in prose, the work from Kate Chopin entitled The Awakening which is also phenomenal by the way the story ends. By using the theory of comparative literature, this study aims to describe the intense feeling of two different kinds of literary work by depicting their similarities and differences. The analysis shows that those works provide the description of different feeling delivered by each author. Keats presents the poetry in romantic mood, full of cheers and energy, although it serves momento mori. While Chopin presents the prose in elegiac or tragic mood. Those feeling are depicted throughout the way both authors represent the values of their works. Three values which are depicted in its similarities and differences are; 1) the meaning of death, 2) nature attribute, and 3) revealing truth. The feelings shown in the both literary works are basically about the reality of life. The beauty, the truth, the life, and the death are enclosed into the social life experienced by the people in the world. Keywords: comparative literature, feeling, , values of literary works

scholarly journals REPRESENTASI PESANTREN DAN KESALAHAN BERBAHASA DALAM NOVEL “CIUMAN TERAKHIR AYAH” KARYA: MAUFIQURRAHMAN SURAHMAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-72
Author(s):  
Kadarisman Kadarisman
Keyword(s):  
Literary Work ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Linguistic Rules ◽  
The World ◽  
The Times ◽  
Building Elements ◽  
The Way

The novel is one type of prose literary work in which there are building elements such as plot, character, setting, and of course language. As part of literature, novels also have their own genre. Indonesian literature continues to evolve in accordance with the demands and development of the times, and in accordance with the situation and conditions in the community of writers and readers. In the novel Ciuman Terakhir, the work of Maufiqurrahman Surahman will be found in a portrait of the world of pesantren which is very thick. This indicates that the sociology of the author is very influential in constructing a literary work. This can be seen in the way the author chooses diction, plot, builds character, and creates a certain atmosphere in the novel. On the other hand, there are still some language errors in the novel The Last Kiss of the Father. Therefore understanding of linguistic rules is very important, because literary works use language as a medium of liaison between authors and readers.

scholarly journals OCCASIONALISM AS A MEAN FOR CREATING COMIC EFFECT IN UKRAINIAN HUMOROUS AND SATIRICAL POETRY OF THE 1950s–1980s (a Case Study of Valentyn Lagoda’s Literary Works)

2020 ◽  
pp. 129-142
Author(s):  
Sofiia Fedzhora
Keyword(s):  
Proper Names ◽  
Linguistic Theory ◽  
Soviet Society ◽  
Specific Nature ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Critical Attitude ◽  
Historical Factors ◽  
The World ◽  
The Way

From the perspective of modern linguistic theory, the paper deals with author’s neologisms, or occasionalisms, as one of the vivid lexical means of creating comic effect in Valentyn Lagoda’s poetic works. Author’s neosemantisms and occasionalisms were singled out in the humorist’s texts. They are formed in morphological and non-morphological way and are aimed at designating people by the type of activity. Occasional proper names with transparent internal semantics, nouns-composites and occasional abbreviations are also in the focus of the study. The paper clarifies the semantics of these items, the way they were formed, their functions in the text what allowed to reveal a specific nature of the fragments of collective lingual model of the world in the Soviet epoch that was related to critical attitude and condemnation of the certain things in the society of that time. The emphasis is maid on the historical factors which provoked the emergence of the author’s neologisms, in particular ridiculazation of some situations and some people which believed to be unacceptable for the Soviet society. Temporal and situational conditionality of the author’s neologism leads to the fact that modern readers often do not understand the meanings of those occasionalisms which seemed so funny half a century ago.

Divine justice and cosmic order in early Greek Epic

2006 ◽  
Vol 126 ◽  
pp. 1-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Allan
Keyword(s):  
Narrative Structure ◽  
Explanatory Model ◽  
Near Eastern ◽  
Homeric Hymns ◽  
Divine Justice ◽  
Greek Epic ◽  
Cosmic Order ◽  
The World ◽  
Greek System ◽  
The Way

AbstractThis article examines the ethical and theological universe of the Homeric epics, and shows that the patterns of human and divine justice which they deploy are also to be found throughout the wider corpus of early Greek hexameter poetry. Although most scholars continue to stress the differences between theIliadandOdysseywith regard to divine justice, these come not (as is often alleged) from any change in the gods themselves but from theOdyssey'speculiar narrative structure, with its focus on one hero and his main divine patron and foe. Indeed, the action of theIliadembodies a system of norms and punishments that is no different from that of theOdyssey. Values such as justice are shown to be socially constituted in each epic on both the divine and human planes, and each level, it is argued, displays not only a hierarchy of power (and the resulting tensions), but also a structure of authority. In addition, the presentation of the gods in the wider hexameter corpus of Hesiod, the Epic Cycle and the Homeric Hymns is analysed, revealing a remarkably coherent tradition in which the possibility of divine conflict is combined with an underlying cosmic order. Finally, consideration of Near Eastern myths relating cosmic order to justice brings out the distinctiveness of the Greek system as a whole and, in particular, of the way it uses the divine society under Zeus's authority as a comprehensive explanatory model of the world.

Unity Identity Text Self

PMLA ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 90 (5) ◽  
pp. 813-822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman N. Holland
Keyword(s):  
Central Theme ◽  
Scientific Texts ◽  
Behavioral Variation ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
The World ◽  
The Way

AbstractUnderstanding the receptivity of literature, how one work admits many readers, begins with an analogy: unity is to text as identity is to self. Unity here means the way all a text’s features can be related through one central theme. Identity describes a person’s sameness within different behaviors as variations on one identity theme (Lichtenstein). To find unity or identity, however, the interpreter himself plays a behavioral variation on his identity theme. In interpreting, his identity re-creates itself as he shapes the text to match his characteristic defenses, fantasies, and coherences. Thus, what a poet says about fictional, political, or scientific texts expresses the same identity theme as the poems he writes. To understand reading, criticism, and any knowing or making in symbols, then, we need to let go the Cartesian craving for objectivity and accept the themes in ourselves with which we construe the world—including literary works.

Becoming Politicized

2017 ◽  
Vol 225 (4) ◽  
pp. 324-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitrios Barkas ◽  
Xenia Chryssochoou
Keyword(s):  
Collective Identity ◽  
Political Socialization ◽  
Greek Society ◽  
Economic Vulnerability ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Identity Model ◽  
Beliefs About The Future ◽  
Of Greece ◽  
The Way

Abstract. This research took place just after the end of the protests following the killing of a 16-year-old boy by a policeman in Greece in December 2008. Participants (N = 224) were 16-year-olds in different schools in Attiki. Informed by the Politicized Collective Identity Model ( Simon & Klandermans, 2001 ), a questionnaire measuring grievances, adversarial attributions, emotions, vulnerability, identifications with students and activists, and questions about justice and Greek society in the future, as well as about youngsters’ participation in different actions, was completed. Four profiles of the participants emerged from a cluster analysis using representations of the conflict, emotions, and identifications with activists and students. These profiles differed on beliefs about the future of Greece, participants’ economic vulnerability, and forms of participation. Importantly, the clusters corresponded to students from schools of different socioeconomic areas. The results indicate that the way young people interpret the events and the context, their levels of identification, and the way they represent society are important factors of their political socialization that impacts on their forms of participation. Political socialization seems to be related to youngsters’ position in society which probably constitutes an important anchoring point of their interpretation of the world.

Restrained Airs: The Diegetic Surface and Nondiegetic Depth of British Film Music

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 429-443
Author(s):  
Paul Mazey
Keyword(s):  
Film Music ◽  
The World ◽  
British Cinema ◽  
Film Making ◽  
The Way

This article considers how pre-existing music has been employed in British cinema, paying particular attention to the diegetic/nondiegetic boundary and notions of restraint. It explores the significance of the distinction between diegetic music, which exists in the world of the narrative, and nondiegetic music, which does not. It analyses the use of pre-existing operatic music in two British films of the same era and genre: Kind Hearts and Coronets (1949) and The Importance of Being Earnest (1952), and demonstrates how seemingly subtle variations in the way music is used in these films produce markedly different effects. Specifically, it investigates the meaning of the music in its original context and finds that only when this bears a narrative relevance to the film does it cross from the diegetic to the nondiegetic plane. This reveals that whereas music restricted to the diegetic plane may express the outward projection of the characters' emotions, music also heard on the nondiegetic track may reveal a deeper truth about their feelings. In this way, the meaning of the music varies depending upon how it is used. While these two films may differ in whether or not their pre-existing music occupies a nondiegetic or diegetic position in relation to the narrative, both are characteristic of this era of British film-making in using music in an understated manner which expresses a sense of emotional restraint and which marks the films with a particularly British inflection.

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