Internet i media mobilne w procesie studiowania – ocena wybranych aspektów kompetencji informacyjnych studentów

Nowadays, the Internet has become one of the fundamental elements of functioning in society, also for pupils and students. Using the Internet requires specific skills related to obtaining and processing information. These are known as information literacy. They imply not only the ability to find the necessary information, but also to select reliable information that will meet the information needs of an individual. The article presents the results of research aimed at analyzing the process of using network information resources in the opinion of students. The results of the research made it possible to initially recognize and assess selected aspects of information competences in the studied group. Despite the perceived benefits and not imagining functioning without the Internet, the students showed a quite critical attitude in assessing the reliability of information obtained from the Internet.

Varying Understandings of Democracy in the Contemporary World

This chapter presents systematic descriptive evidence on the status of popular conceptions of democracy in today’s world, using GBS II data from seventy-one societies. To make the descriptive analysis more informative, we have included comparable information from the United States and relied on different psychometric models to uncover people’s latent characteristics that shape their responses to the PUD instruments. We have consistently found that the PUD instruments are sufficiently sensitive to the socioeconomic and political environment, thus revealing significant and substantial variation in popular conceptions of democracies across regions, between societies, and among individuals. To ensure that the variation documented in the PUD instruments is not something transient or idiosyncratic, we further explore the longitudinal dynamics of this critical attitude using the ABS two-wave rolling-cross-sectional surveys from thirteen East Asian societies.

What Creates Listening Online? Exploring Reciprocity in Online Political Discussions with Relational Content Analysis

Democratic governmentsfrequently use online tools to include large numbers of citizens inparticipation processes. Against the backdrop of deliberative theories, suchinitiatives are subject to normative needs. This article examines the equalityof participation. Previous research has mainly focused on equality in terms ofaccess to, and voice within, deliberation processes. However, much less isknown about the factors that influence the distribution of reciprocity inonline political discussions. Proposing a theoretical distinction betweensimple replying and deliberative reciprocity, this study addresses thequestion: What obstructs or promotes deliberative reciprocity online? Drawingon previous online communication research, we assume that communication style,gender and users’ activity are important predictors of simple replying anddeliberative reciprocity. Results of a relational quantitative content analysisindicate that in order to receive deliberative reciprocity users should askquestions, propose arguments, be humorous, have a critical attitude and use amale user name. Storytelling and expressions of emotions show either negativeor not significant effects.

The Correlation Between Philosophy, Science And Reading Learning

Philosophy is the mother of all sciences. Philosophy, in this case, is more of a universal, comprehensive, and fundamental thought, while other sciences are more specific or special thoughts because they are limited to objects and their unique point of view. Philosophy and science can meet each other because both use the method of reflective thinking in an attempt to deal with the facts of the world and life. Both display a critical attitude, with an open mind and an impartial will, to know the nature of truth. Philosophy requires language as a means of communicating ideas and also as an object of study in philosophy. While language also really needs philosophy as a means or method to analyze systems to get solutions to solving linguistic problems. Reading learning is very important so that a text or statement of a philosopher can be more easily understood. Ignorance of text and context in discourse will lead to confusion in understanding science. If science can be understood well it will add insight and can be shared with others. People with good reading comprehension will bring benefits to others. So it can be concluded that there is a correlation between philosophy, science and reading learning.

Ronald Coase: Man and Theorem

The article focuses on the ideas and achievements of Ronald Coase, an outstanding economist. The review of his life and scientific achievements, which was timed to coincide with the 30th anniversary of the Nobel Prize in economics being awarded to R. Coase, shows that they contain many paradoxes. Although Coase is known to be the most outstanding economist of the second half of the 20th century, he considered himself an «accidental» economist. Coase's scientific works are extremely few (in fact, only 2 or 3 articles belong to his «great» works). Although he is regarded the founder of neoinstitutionalism, the famous «Coase's theorem» was formulated by J. Stigler, and a systematic presentation of the neoinstitutional theory based on the transaction costs «discovered» by Coase belongs to O. Williamson. In a sense, with his life Coase managed to solve an impossible task that is to achieve maximum results at minimum cost. At the same time, Coase's attitude to institutionalism was ambiguous; both a critical attitude towards the «old» (coming from Veblen and Commons) institutionalism, and a sharp critical attitude to the «economics of the blackboard» typical for this direction can be easily found in his works. The dissemination of Coase's ideas in Russia also looks paradoxical. They were most relevant from a practical point of view in the early 1990s, but a broad creative discussion of his ideas (including the controversy about Coase's theorem) began only in the early 2000s, when the institutions of post-Soviet Russia have already «frozen» and their transformation through the correct application of Cousian ideas has become difficult.

The Figure of Jeremiah in the Work of Stefan Zweig and Rainer Maria Rilke

The prophet and the prophetic feature prominently in Rainer Maria Rilke’s Neue Gedichte (1907) and in Stefan Zweig’s one and only pacifist drama Jeremias (1917). This chapter examines the poetic and rhetorical significance of their renderings of the Jeremiah myth through in-depth textual and structural analysis. It shows the critical attitude towards the prophetic as expressed in Rilke’s poem “Jeremia” challenging the divine voice, which had turned the prophet into its mere mouthpiece. Furthermore, it discusses the interrelation between Rilke’s poem and Zweig’s drama in thematic terms, as well as the influence of Nietzsche’s Zarathustra on both.

Herod the Saviour

This chapter considers Nicolaus’ construction of appropriate royal behaviour and ideology through a close examination of the famine episode at AJ 15.299–316. In describing Herod’s actions at the height of his power, Nicolaus (for we argue the passage derives from his work) revealed the same ideas on wealth that we find in his fragments. He also played on the Hellenistic ideas of the king as εὐεργέτης‎ and σωτήρ‎ while reflecting extensively on the importance of close relationships with individual Romans for success in the Augustan world. Furthermore, we may detect Nicolaus’ hand in showing Herod to have mirrored Augustus’ own statecraft in this passage, and in the subtly critical attitude to the Judaean people.

The 30-th Anniversary of Visegrad Group: Achievements and Prospects

The author analyzes the fundamental points which contributed to the strength of the political foundation of the Visegrad Group. Among the most significant factors, the author identifies a critical attitude towards reality, the ability to search for intra-regional/international compromises, and the lack of bureaucracy. In general, this can be described as a clear understanding of V4 position and tasks in Europe. The group's objectives in understanding their possibilities have evolved over three decades and finally have evolved from a "return to Europe" to the possibility of transferring its experience and providing assistance to the neighboring States of Eastern Europe and the Western Balkans. Without denying the contradictions that exist in the group, there are no critical prerequisites for the realization of long-standing prophecies about the imminent and unavoidable breakup of the group. Contradictions and a critical approach, as well as overcoming these circumstances, often serve as the driving force of the group. So far, despite criticism of some retired politicians, the group looks united and interested in its further common development.

Yksi identiteetti monesta peilistä – kanttorin ammatillisen identiteetin ytimessä

This doctoral thesis focuses on cantors’ professional identity. The study material was collected from ten cantors in Finland. Findings include the following themes: lengthy study, high levels of study effort, love for music, critical attitude towards mastery of the profession, fragmentariness of work, ambiguity of boundaries between work and leisure, the idea of working as a lifestyle, striving for high quality and the experience of spirituality as an essential part of work.

SURA MAGADHA: PATRIOTISM AND NATIONALISM OF BANJAR PEOPLE IN THE 1868 BANJAR WAR

<p><em>This article discusses the conflict between the people of North Bali and Dutch colonialism, especially in Banjar Village, which was known as the Banjar War which took place in 1868. The Balinese resistance war that broke out in various areas became known as puputan, which is a dictionary that means to finish and refers to the meaning that in war, self-respect must include everything, including body and soul. The main cause of this opposition started when the Dutch lowered and replaced the Banjar retainer Ida Made Rai. This research was conducted using historical methods, including heuristics, criticism, synthesis, and historiography. The results of this study found that the resistance was motivated by Dutch politics and intervention to colonize the total area of Bali, especially Buleleng and Banjar Villages. This decision has a logical crisis from the critical attitude of the Banjar people with the crisis at that time. The uniqueness of this prohibition is the critical attitude and methods of clashing as the last resort in their war which gave birth to the ideology of Sura Magadha.</em></p><p> </p>