The Level-Headed Approach on Errors and Mistakes in Dutch Child Protection: An Individual Duty or a Shared Responsibility?

2020 ◽  
pp. 75-94
Author(s):  
Kirti Zeijlmans ◽  
Tom Van Yperen ◽  
Mónica López López
Keyword(s):  
Child Protection ◽  
Shared Responsibility ◽  
Dutch Child

scholarly journals Implementation of the Dutch expertise centre for child abuse: descriptive data from the first 4 years

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. e031008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rick Robert van Rijn ◽  
Marjo J Affourtit ◽  
Wouter A Karst ◽  
Mascha Kamphuis ◽  
Leonie C de Bock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Child Abuse ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Likelihood Ratios ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Dutch Child

ObjectiveCombined paediatric and forensic medical expertise to interpret physical findings is not available in Dutch healthcare facilities. The Dutch Expertise Centre for Child Abuse (DECCA) was founded in the conviction that this combination is essential in assessing potential physical child abuse. DECCA is a collaboration between the three paediatric hospitals and the Netherlands Forensic Institute. DECCA works with Bayes’ theorem and uses likelihood ratios in their conclusions.DesignWe present the implementation process of DECCA and cross-sectional data of the first 4 years.ParticipantsBetween 14 December 2014 and 31 December 2018, a total of 761 advisory requests were referred, all of which were included in this study. An advisee evaluation over the year 2015 was performed using a self-constructed survey to gain insight in the first experiences with DECCA.Results761 cases were included, 381 (50.1%) boys and 361 (47.4%) girls (19 cases (2.5%) sex undisclosed). Median age was 1.5 years (range 1 day to 20 years). Paediatricians (53.1%) and child safeguarding doctors (21.9%) most frequently contacted DECCA. The two most common reasons for referral were presence of injury/skin lesions (n=592) and clinical history inconsistent with findings (n=145). The most common injuries were bruises (264) and non-skull fractures (166). Outcome of DECCA evaluation was almost certainly no or improbable child abuse in 35.7%; child abuse likely or almost certain in 24.3%, and unclear in 12%. The advisee evaluations (response rate 50%) showed that 93% experienced added value and that 100% were (very) satisfied with the advice.ConclusionData show growing interest in the expertise of DECCA through the years. DECCA seems to be a valuable addition to Dutch child protection, since advisee value the service and outcome of DECCA evaluations. In almost half of the cases, DECCA concluded that child abuse could not be substantiated.

scholarly journals CO-RELATION OF FEDERAL AND PROVINCIAL LEGISLATION OF CANADA IN THE FIELD OF PROTECTION OF CHILDREN FROM DOMESTIC VIOLENCE

2016 ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Лариса Чернухина ◽  
Larisa Chernukhina
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Federal Government ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Federal Agencies ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
Shared Responsibility ◽  
Target Children

The article deals with the issues of the delineation of authority between Federal legislative bodies and legislative bodies of the provinces and territories in the sphere of child protection from the domestic violence. The author analyzes the area of competence of the legislative bodies of mentioned levels, paying particular attention to their complementarity and possible conflicts between rules. In accordance with the Constitution of Canada the Federal, provincial and territorial governments have a shared responsibility for many aspects concerning the situation of children in society. However, criminalization of some unlawful acts, including the act of domestic violence, is an exclusive scope of jurisdiction of Federal agencies. On the basis of the analysis of the amendments to the criminal code of Canada the author comes to the conclusion that the Federal government is moving towards stricter sanctions for crimes related to domestic violence that target children. On the basis of detailed analysis of normative legal acts of the provinces and territories regulating social relations in the sphere of combating domestic violence and child protection the author concludes that the provincial laws on protection against domestic violence are intended to support and complement the Federal measures to protect victims of domestic violence under the criminal code of Canada. In general, provinces and territories have extensive regulatory framework in this area that allows to pursue a consistent policy aimed at improving the retaliatory measures against domestic violence, when the victims are children, as well as the maximum leveling of the consequences of such acts.

scholarly journals Child Protection And Marriage Prevention

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
Fransiska Novita Eleanora ◽  
Andang Sari
Keyword(s):  
Child Protection ◽  
Children's Rights ◽  
Young Age ◽  
Shared Responsibility ◽  
Children’S Rights ◽  
Early Marriage ◽  
Child Marriage ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Main Role ◽  
The Government

<div><p>Recognition and protection of children's rights is fully a shared responsibility of both the parents, the government and the wider community that guarantees its survival and development and the growth of children in a strong, healthy and intelligent state. The main role in the development of children in addition to nutrition and vitamin intake or fulfillment of clothing, food and shelter, is also needed attention to the development of children in the future which is the right of the child to get education and teaching so that the aspirations can be achieved and succeed as he wants. But with the changing times it turns out that the rights of children are neglected in the sense that they are not fulfilled as expected, because they are triggered by economic factors so that children cannot attend school or continue  their  education  due  to  marriage  at  a  young  age  or  so-called  early marriage.  With  the  occurrence  of  marriage  at  a  young  age  for  children  is  a violation of the rights of children, and children experience the destruction of their future because they are not ready and mature thinking and psychology because basically children should be protected from any threat or anyone. Protection of children's rights is absolutely granted, and has been regulated in the child protection law and marriage law regarding the age limit of children, the fact that there is still a high level of child marriage. The research method that is used or used in this writing uses literature studies based on the literature of journals, books, magazines and even from legislation relating to child protection and child marriage. The results showed that economic factors are the dominant occurrence of early marriage and lack of awareness of parents and community members on the protection and prevention of child marriages, on the other hand there is the assumption that by marrying their children, the obligations of parents are completed and by carrying out the marriage live independently without depending on their parents. The involvement and participation of the government can also prevent early marriage, especially in the application of sanctions in the rules that have been set, because if you want to protect children's rights, one of them is to prevent early marriage, or in other words stop child marriage.</p></div>

The level-headed approach on errors and mistakes in Dutch child protection: an individual duty or a shared responsibility?

2020 ◽  
pp. 75-94
Author(s):  
Kirti Zeijlmans ◽  
Tom van Yperen ◽  
Mónica López López
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
Code Of Conduct ◽  
Youth Care ◽  
Child Care Workers ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
First Case ◽  
Dutch Child ◽  
Reference Index

The leading discourse in the Netherlands on errors and mistakes is focused on cases that have resulted in fatal injuries. These have shocked the nation, sparked debate and inspired change. In the Netherlands, the most profound debate resulted from the death of 3-year old Savanna in 2004, the first case where an employee of the child protection agency was prosecuted for manslaughter by negligence. Over the years, the case of Savanna became an iconic part of the discourse on child protection policy, in which the term ‘Savanna-effect’ was used to refer to the shift by child care workers to risk-averse practices for fear of prosecution. Initiatives aimed at improving timely detection of children at risk, such as the reporting code of conduct (‘meldcode’) and the Reference Index for High-Risk Youngsters (‘Verwijsindex Risicojongeren’) were introduced. The discourse turned when critics claimed that the system focused too much on a fear of incidents, causing a disproportional number of children to enter out-of-home placements. This observation inspired the Youth Act 2015, which promotes the restoration and strengthening of the parents’ problem-solving abilities and responsibilities, and aims to reduce regulatory pressures on youth care professionals. This chapter reports on two studies conducted in the new child protection system: an analysis of Dutch reports on major calamities since 2015 and a media analysis of the same period. These studies indicate the current public discourse as well as the underlying problems that were identified by the Youth Care Inspection.

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