scholarly journals Development of a Densification Equipment for Organic Biomass Solid Fuel Pellets

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adebanjo O Ojomo ◽  
Folayan R Falayi ◽  
Agboola S Ogunlowo
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Solid Fuel ◽  
Agricultural Residues ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Hammer Mill ◽  
Screen Size ◽  
Product Temperature ◽  
Fuel Pellets ◽  
Input Capacity ◽  
Maize Cobs

In South Western Nigeria, after the harvesting of maize cobs from the field, large amount of maize stock remains as agricultural residues and wastes. The maize stock constitutes a menace to the environment if not property handled. In this study, densification equipment was designed, fabricated and tested using maize stock grind as raw material. The equipment consists of mixer/ moisture conditioner and a pelleting machine. The power rating for the mixer/moisture conditioner is 0.069 kW with an input capacity of 81 kg/h while the power consumption of the pellet machine is 0.8 kW with throughout capacity of 40 kg/h. The result of the test showed that the highest product temperature, which gives an indication of the quality and durability of the pellets produced was 930C at 0.8 mm hammer mill screen size, 10% moisture content and 150 rpm die speed, at this temperature the machine is operating at optimum efficiency of 74%. High product temperature is an important parameter during pelleting/briquetting operations because it gives the degree of compaction and binding of the pellets/briquettes. The densification equipment for organic biomass was developed using locally sourced materials as a means of converting agricultural wastes into pellets for domestic cooking and cottage industry uses.

Effects of Compressing Pressure, Screen Size and Moisture Content on Pellets Density of Water Hyacinth

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 63-67
Author(s):  
Xia Zhang ◽  
Zong Shou Cai ◽  
Jian Wen Ruan
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Local Source ◽  
Hammer Mill ◽  
Screen Size ◽  
High Quality ◽  
The World ◽  
Density Of Water

Water hyacinth (WH) has been one the most troublesome caused by invasive species in the warm regions over the world. However, it has the potential to be compressed into biomass pellets as a local source of substitute and renewable solid fuel in the future. The method and preparation of comperssing WH pellets were investigated in this study using a compressing apparatus in the lab. WH samples were ground by a hammer mill with three different screen sizes (2.0, 3.0and 4.0mm), compressed with five levels of compressing forces (1000, 2000, 3000, 4000 and 5000N) at three levels of moisture content (10%, 15% and 20% wb). The density of each sample pellets was calculated and recorded. The effects of compressing pressure, screen size and moisture content on pellets density were analyzed depending on the statistical analysis of variance (ANOVA). It was found in this study that all the three factors except screen size affected WH pellets density significantly, high quality of WH pellets in terms of high pellets density can be obtained under a compressing pressure about 80MPa and at a moisture contnet about 15% (wb).

scholarly journals Influence of blending proportions of Teak Sawdust and Cajuput leaves on characteristics of biomass pellets

2020 ◽  
Vol 187 ◽  
pp. 03001
Author(s):  
Wassachol Wattana ◽  
Nattaya Montri ◽  
Manussavee Wongjanakul ◽  
Yingyot Naratta ◽  
Sansanee Duangjinda
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Solid Fuel ◽  
Alternative Fuel ◽  
Sustainable Production ◽  
Fuel Pellet ◽  
Fuel Pellets

Fuel pellets made from biomass is considered as a solid fuel that is also an alternative fuel which can substitute for the current fuels and can be considered as a fuel that has sustainable production. This research is the study of the production of fuel pellets from Teak sawdust blends with Cajuput leaves at five proportions by weight of Teak sawdust 100%, Cajuput leaves 100%, Teak sawdust 75% +Cajuput leaves 25%, Teak sawdust 50% +Cajuput leaves 50%, Teak sawdust 25% +Cajuput leaves 75% . The pellets were produced by a grinding and pelleting machine at three different speeds of 200, 250, and 300 rpm. After that, the quality of fuel pellets was evaluated by the physical properties as pellet dimensions, particles and bulk density, as well as moisture content and durability. The results show that blending proportion of Teak sawdust 75% and Cajuput leaves 25% provided the appropriate fuel pellet properties.

PARAMETER OPTIMIZATION AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON THE HAMMER MILL 锤片式粉碎机参数优化与试验研究

2020 ◽  
pp. 341-350
Author(s):  
Di Wang ◽  
Changbin He ◽  
Haiqing Tian ◽  
Liu Fei ◽  
Zhang Tao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Spindle Speed ◽  
Hammer Mill ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Evaluation Indexes ◽  
Grain Moisture ◽  
Validation Experiment ◽  
Corn Grain

Low productivity and high electricity consumption are considered problems of the hammer mill, which is widely used in current feed production. In this paper, the mechanical properties of corn grain ground by a hammer mill were analysed, and the key factors affecting the performance of the hammer mill were determined. The single-factor experiment and three-factor, three-level quadratic regression orthogonal experiment were carried out with the spindle speed, corn grain moisture content and number of hammers as experimental factors and the productivity and electricity consumption per ton as evaluation indexes. The results showed that the order of influence on the productivity was spindle speed > corn grain moisture content > number of hammers and that the order of influence on the electricity consumption per ton was corn grain moisture content > spindle speed > number of hammers. The parameters were optimized based on the response surface method with the following results: the spindle speed was 4306 r/min, the corn grain moisture content was 10%, and the number of hammers was 24. The validation experiment was carried out with the optimal parameters’ combination. The productivity and electricity consumption per ton were 988.12 kg/h and 5.37 kW·h/t, respectively, which were consistent with the predicted results of the model.

A comparative assessment of solid fuel pellets production from torrefied agro-residues and their blends

2021 ◽  
pp. 105125
Author(s):  
Rifat Mehdi ◽  
Naveed Raza ◽  
Salman Raza Naqvi ◽  
Asif Hussain Khoja ◽  
M. Taqi Mehran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Fuel ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Fuel Pellets ◽  
Agro Residues

Testing Study on the Influence Factors to the Straw Pellet Fuel Broken Strength

2013 ◽  
Vol 448-453 ◽  
pp. 786-790
Author(s):  
Wei Gao ◽  
Rong Fei Zhao ◽  
Qing Yu Liu ◽  
Xu Wei Bai
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Optimal Parameter ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Quadratic Regression ◽  
Corn Straw ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Optimization Parameter ◽  
Single Factor Experiment

This paper take link mold pellet pelletizer to carry on the pellet fuel manufacture experiment with corn straw stalk. The influence of moisture content, material size and fermentation time impact on broken strength is studied by single factor experiment. Through quadratic regression orthogonal rotating combination experiment, establish mathematics equation of the factors and the straw pellet fuel broken strength and analyze the important degree of each experimental factor impact on the granulation rate. Through the optimized computation, definite optimization parameter of the highest broken strength is that raw material moisture content is 20%, fermentation time is 4h and particle size is 2.5mm. The result of verifying experiment indicat that the optimal parameter combination and the predict data measured were consistent.

Research of drying kinetics of prepared wheat flour

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (16) ◽  
pp. 212-220
Author(s):  
Liubomyr Khomichak ◽  
◽  
Inha Kuznietsova ◽  
Svetlana Vysotska ◽  
Sergiy Tkachenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Wheat Flour ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Convective Drying ◽  
Kinetic Dependence ◽  
Vital Functions ◽  
Kinetic Coefficients ◽  
Kinetics Of

Introduction. Processing of grain raw material with influence on starch or albumens by application of heat treatment creates the variety of functional properties of a product and is perspective in the modern terms vital functions of man. Research methods and methods. The flour obtained from wheat of the Ascanian wheat and from wheat of the soft varieties: Sophia ("sweet wheat"), Blond (soft) and Chornobrova (enriched with micro- and macronutrients) were used in the study. Thermal modification of flour samples was carried out in a convective manner. The control sample for determining the quality indicators is obtained in industrial conditions, extruded wheat flour produced by LLC "AS groups, LTD". Research results. The obtained kinetic dependence shows the gradual loss of moisture standards with different speed which accordingly influences on duration of drying. The moisture content of the drying agent most affects the intensity at the initial stage of the constant drying rate. With an increase in the moisture content of the coolant, the period of constant drying increases and the amount of evaporated moisture increases during this period. With the subsequent removal of moisture from raw materials, the degree of influence of this parameter on the intensity decreases. The nature of the drying curves is the same and the recommended process for obtaining modified flour is the process duration of 300 minutes or 5 hours. It was determined microscopically, that the samples of dried wheat flour have a purpose and are partially destroyed by starch granules and amorphization of biocomposite materials. Based on the data on the kinetics of drying flour samples, the kinetic coefficients and values of the critical moisture content for drying wheat flour were calculated, which is 1.18-1.30 %. It was determined that for the sensorial indicators the obtained samples have indicators characteristic of the varietal characteristics of wheat, from which the flour was taken. In terms of physical and chemical parameters, the modified wheat flour samples are not inferior to the well-known industrial sample of extruded flour. Conclusions. Use of flour, obtained from the wheat with different correlation of amilose and amylopectin, positively influences on a technological process and allows to extend the assortment of modified starch products, and accordingly, food products. Kinetics of the convective drying standards of the flour is investigated. Researches showed that a it is physically modified flour obtained from the different sorts of the soft wheat is not inferior in quality to the extruded wheat flour.

Effects of raw material moisture content, densification pressure and temperature on some properties of Norway spruce pellets

2005 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christofer Rhén ◽  
Rolf Gref ◽  
Michael Sjöström ◽  
Iwan Wästerlund
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Raw Material
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