scholarly journals Social- Economic Assessment and Profitability of Artisanal Gold Miners in Niger State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mbuyi M Melodi ◽  
Ganiyu W Ajibade
Keyword(s):  
Gold Mining ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Frequency Table ◽  
Artisanal Gold Mining ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ready Availability ◽  
Gold Miners ◽  
Economic Profile ◽  
Artisanal Miners

This study centers on socio-economic assessment and profitability of artisanal gold miners in Niger State, Nigeria. The specific objectives are to examine artisanal gold miners’ socio-economic profile, examine the level of profitability of artisanal gold mining and identify the constraints determining the profitability of artisanal gold mining. Primary data was used which were obtained through the administration of structured questionnaires to randomly sampled artisanal gold miners in the study area. Descriptive statistics using charts, frequency table, mean, maximum, minimum and range, and inferential statistics using multiple linear regression, t-test were used as well as budgetary analysis. Profit difference of N 16,139.69 was noted between male and female artisan gold miners, with male earning a non-significantly (p>0.05) higher profit than the female artisans. Married artisan spent significantly (p<0.05) more (N106, 549.66) in running their various artisanal duties than the unmarried single artisans (N 87,036.67). Single artisans were noted to earn higher revenue than their married counterpart. This significant difference of N 20,897.09 can be accounted for by the ready availability of single unmarried artisans to work for longer hours per day without any distraction of family cares and obligations. This invariably leads to the significantly higher profit of single unmarried artisanal miners of N97, 051. Other significant determinants of artisanal gold profit level are miners’ age in years (p<0.01), experience at work in years (p<0.10) and years of work at current mine (p<0.05). Findings shows that  artisanal miners were noted to be operating profitably in the study location; however, marital status, age of miners, years of experience and years of work in the current mine were found to be significant determinants of profitability and profit level of an average miners.  Keywords – Profitability, Artisanal gold, Revenue, Socio-economic profile, constraints.

scholarly journals Local Governance and Labor Organizations on Artisanal Gold Mining Sites in Burkina Faso

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lala Ouedraogo ◽  
Patrick Mundler
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Gold Mining ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Physical World ◽  
Mining Sites ◽  
Labor Organizations ◽  
Development Framework ◽  
Artisanal Gold Mining ◽  
Artisanal Miners

This paper based on the institutional analysis and development framework (IAD) is to discuss the local governance and labor organizations on artisanal gold mining camps in Burkina Faso; a West African country that in recent years has been increasingly exploiting its gold reserves. Field data were collected from three sites in the villages of Diosso, Siguinoguin and Zincko in accordance with the purposive sampling. One major finding gleaned from the on-site research is that forms of governance vary along a continuum from flexible (enforced by a joint powers: artisanal miners’ union, customary authorities and landowners) to rigid (enforced by landowner). Another finding is that the type of relationship between indigenous communities and miners depend on the importance of the authocthony of the artisanal miners. Indeed, they are harmonious in Zincko, where miners originate from the village, whereas they are tense in Siguinoguin, which is populated by migrants. Eventually, this paper relies on the French school of proximity to enrich the definitions given to the attributes of the physical world and the attributes of the community highlighted by Ostrom’s theory as geographical proximity fails to detail forms of relational proximity that clearly structure the way governance is organized on the mining camps.

scholarly journals PERTUMBUHAN DAN MUTU FISIK BIBIT KAYU KUKU (Pericopsis mooniana) PADA MEDIA TANAM TAILING PERTAMBANGAN EMAS RAKYAT DENGAN PEMBERIAN AMELIORAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Rizal Adi Saputra ◽  
Meyla Riniarti
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Gold Mining ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Acid Growth ◽  
Physical Quality ◽  
Mining Tailings ◽  
Artisanal Gold Mining ◽  
Significant Difference

One of the strategies in rehabilitation of gold mining tailings is used pioneer trees. Pericopsis mooniana is one of pioneer types which capable to adapt to marginal and unproductivel lands. The objective of this research were to find out the growth and physical quality of P. mooniana seedling on artisanal gold mining tailings with the addition of compost elephant dung and humic acid. Growth observation and physical quality assessment were done to P. mooniana seedlings aged 3 months and 10 days, placed on polybag (15/7.5 cm x 20 cm). The experimental design used a completely randomized design with six growth media as treatments and five replications, (1) topsoil 100%, (2) talings 100%, (3) tailings 50% + elephant dungs 50%, (4) tailings 50% + elephant dungs 50% + humic acid (2,000 ppm), (5) tailings 75% + elephant dungs 25%,(6) tailings 75% + elephant dungs 25% + (humic acid (2,000 ppm).  Data were analyzed statistically using analysis of variance followed with a Least Significant Difference test. The stages of the research were: seedling activity, growth observations and physical quality assessment seedlings. The parameter observed were percentage of life, increment height and diameter, number of leaf, leaf area, number of nodules, total dry weight, robustness, ratio of leaves and roots, and seed quality index. The result showed that P. mooniana seedlings were able to grow and adapt to artisanal gold mining tailings with a seedlings quality indexs value of more than (0.09), but the addition of ameliorant did not have any impact yet.

scholarly journals Livelihood implications of artisanal gold mining in farming communities: insight from the Wa East District, Ghana

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Issah Baddianaah ◽  
Gordon N-yelkabo Tuu ◽  
Bernard Nuoleyeng Baatuuwie
Keyword(s):  
Gold Mining ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Smallholder Agriculture ◽  
Artisanal Mining ◽  
Artisanal Gold Mining ◽  
Household Heads ◽  
The Impact

The impact of artisanal mining on livelihoods in developing countries is a contentious issue. As a contribution to this subject, the study assessed the implications of artisanal gold mining activities on smallholder agriculture in the Wa East District of Ghana. A descriptive survey design with a mixed methods research approach was used. Primary data were sourced from respondents through interviews, questionnaire administration, and field observation. Five artisanal mining communities were selected based on the intensity of mining activities in them. The study respondents consisted of 290 household heads drawn randomly from 1,050 households. Also, key informants consisting of 5 assembly members and 15 lead artisanal miners were interviewed. The study found artisanal mining to be a dominant livelihood strategy in the district, employing about 76.2% of respondents at various levels. Artisanal mining contribution to household income was higher than food crop farming. Proceeds from mining are used to finance smallholder agriculture. However, the activities of the miners have resulted in the degradation of farmlands. We argued that artisanal mining activities should be aligned with other livelihood options such as agriculture in local communities. The study called for the engagement of local miners and traditional rulers in mineral resource decision-making.

scholarly journals Gravity Concentration in Artisanal Gold Mining

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1026
Author(s):  
Marcello M. Veiga ◽  
Aaron J. Gunson
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Gold Mining ◽  
Field Trips ◽  
Mercury Pollution ◽  
Large Majority ◽  
Gravity Concentration ◽  
International Agencies ◽  
Artisanal Gold Mining ◽  
Artisanal Miners ◽  
Concentration Methods

Worldwide there are over 43 million artisanal miners in virtually all developing countries extracting at least 30 different minerals. Gold, due to its increasing value, is the main mineral extracted by at least half of these miners. The large majority use amalgamation either as the final process to extract gold from gravity concentrates or from the whole ore. This latter method has been causing large losses of mercury to the environment and the most relevant world’s mercury pollution. For years, international agencies and researchers have been promoting gravity concentration methods as a way to eventually avoid the use of mercury or to reduce the mass of material to be amalgamated. This article reviews typical gravity concentration methods used by artisanal miners in developing countries, based on numerous field trips of the authors to more than 35 countries where artisanal gold mining is common.

scholarly journals The exposure and toxic effects of mercury in gold mining activities

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Lina Eltaib ◽  
Salah Eldeen Taj Elser Ali ◽  
Hind Rikabi
Keyword(s):  
Mercury Concentration ◽  
Gold Mining ◽  
Urine Analysis ◽  
Mercury Level ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Urinary Mercury ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Gold Miners

Background: Mercury is used by artisanal — small-scale (ASM) gold miners throughout the World. In 2014, the Sudanese government produced over 60 tons of gold, which make Sudan ranked Africa's third-largest gold miner. Also, Sudan is ranked the 15th global producer. In 2015, over 1 million miners participated in gold mining and extraction. Objective: This study aimed to determine mercury health risk in Sudanese traditional gold mining activities area. Method: This is an analytical cross-sectional observational stud. The studied population was from ALTWAHEN near ABUHAMED. Urine analysis was supported by epidemiological questionnaires designed by (EPI INFO software) following WHO guidelines. Eighty-six respondents completed the questionnaire. The mercury level was determined in 58 urine sample by Petroleum Laboratories Using Direct Mercury Analyzer DMA- 80 instrument. The epidemiological data were analyzed by (EPI INFO). Result: 98% exceed concentration of 100 ug/L which contaminated concentration for occasionally exposed, mean urinary mercury concentration 2785 ug/L, the highest mercury concentration worldwide reported by our study 10250 ug/L, Symptoms in 58 patient showed as Problem finding correct word 46.6%, memory problem 27.6%, problem with thinking clearly 29.3%, nervousness 31%, sadness 46.5%, sexual problem 36.2%, headache 51.7%, excessive salivation 43%, drowsy 48.3%. Conclusion: In this study, the highest urinary mercury concentration was reported (10250 ug/L) compared to other studies. Mercury concentration with no significant difference between the miner groups and others. Also, this study found high incidents of neurological symptoms associated with neurotoxicity. The problem with thinking significantly correlated to the age weighted by mercury concentration. Only tremor significantly related to the time living in the mining area. Otherwise, no significant relationship between mercury concentration ,symptoms and time living in the area. Recommendation: conducting Interventional study by using chelation therapy, Gold miners should use safety tools, Activation of laws and conventions (MINAMATA convention).  

Assessment of Demographic Differences Regarding Customer Value in Life Insurance Corporation

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Sharma ◽  
Bodh Raj Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Life Insurance ◽  
Customer Value ◽  
Likert Scale ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Demographic Differences ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quota Sampling

Aim of this paper is to assess the empirically demographic differences among the customers regarding customer value in Life Insurance Corporation. It is a fact that life insurance players in J&K have realized that their business advantage depends on customer value. The study is based upon the primary data obtained from customers of LIC belonging to various districts of J&K through quota sampling. A questionnaire was framed containing items of demographics and statements measuring customer value based upon seven point Likert scale. The findings indicate that the demographic variables viz., age, qualification, occupation wise, there is no significant difference regarding customer value in the perception of customers of LIC. However, district wise respondents do differ in their opinion regarding customer value in Life Insurance Corporation.

The influence of Education, Occupation and Income on Perceived Customer Value

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Sharma ◽  
Bodh Raj Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Life Insurance ◽  
Customer Value ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Insurance Sector ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quota Sampling ◽  
Indian Insurance ◽  
Perceived Customer Value

The aim of this paper is to assess empirically perceptual gap among the customers having different educational qualification, occupation and income regarding customer value in Indian insurance sector. It is a fact that insurance sector has been growing tremendously despite a lot of competition in the marketplace. The study is based upon the primary data obtained from customers of four life insurance companies belonging to various districts of J&K through quota sampling. A questionnaire was framed containing items of demographics and statements measuring customer value based upon seven point Likert scale. The findings indicate that the demographic variables viz., qualification, occupation and monthly income, there is no significant difference regarding perceived customer value among the life insurance players.

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