scholarly journals Clinical and Epidemiological analysis of the structure of combat surgical injury during Antiterrorist operation / Joint Forces Operation

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-13
Author(s):  
I. P. Khomenko ◽  
S. O. Korol ◽  
S. V. Khalik ◽  
V. Yu. Shapovalov ◽  
R. V. Yenin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Pleural Cavity ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Pelvic Cavity ◽  
Surgical Trauma ◽  
Epidemiological Analysis ◽  
Civilian Population ◽  
Joint Forces

I Introduction. In generalizing the experience of providing medical care to the wounded in armed conflicts, a special place belongs to the analysis of the magnitude and structure of casualties, which depend on the conditions, forms and methods of hostilities. The purpose. Conduct a clinical and epidemiological analysis of the proportion of gunshot and mine injuries in the structure of combat surgical trauma during the Anti-terrorist operation / Joint Forces operation. Materials and methods. The total number of wounded as a result of the armed conflict in eastern Ukraine in the period from 2014 to 2019 was more than 41 thousand people, from them killed among the civilian population – 3350 people and 4100 – servicemen. Results. It was proved that the wounded with non-severe combat surgical trauma are 36.5%, severe – 48.9%, extremely severe – 14.6%. Shrapnel wounds were received by 35.3%, bullet wounds – 48.3%, mine injuries – 16.6%. Isolated combat surgical trauma was found in 16.8%, multiple – in 34.3%, combined – in 48.9% of the wounded. Impenetrable combat surgical trauma was diagnosed in 63.7% of the wounded, penetrating into the pleural cavity – in 17.2%, in the abdominal cavity – in 16.0%, in the pelvic cavity – in 3.1%. Conclusions. In the structure of sanitary losses of the surgical profile during the ATO / OOS, the wounded with injuries of the extremities are 56.7%, with injuries of the chest – 10.1%, abdomen – 5.1%, pelvis – 3.0%.

New code for the protection of civilian population and property during armed conflict

1980 ◽  
Vol 20 (219) ◽  
pp. 287-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ionel Gloşcă
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
International Treaties ◽  
Civilian Population ◽  
State Activity ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Do So

One of the principles underlying international law applicable in armed conflicts is that no act of war is permitted against the civilian population, consisting, by definition, of persons who take no part in the hostilities.Until the holocaust of 1939–45, international law gave practically no real protection to the civilian population in the event of war, and was not even intended to do so since up to that time war was considered to be a State activity from which civilians remained aloof. There were, nonetheless, general principles and rules in various international treaties which, in one way or another, related also to the civilian population.

Tracing the Historical and Legal Development of the Levée en Masse in the Law of Armed Conflict

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Crawford
Keyword(s):  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
International Humanitarian Law ◽  
Humanitarian Law ◽  
Civilian Population ◽  
Legal Development ◽  
Law Of Armed Conflict ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Law

Levée en masse – the spontaneous uprising of the civilian population against an invading force – has long been a part of the modern law of armed conflict with regard to determining who may legitimately participate in armed conflict. The concept originated during the revolutionary wars in America and France, and was incorporated into the first codified rules of armed conflict. However, despite the prevalence of the category of levée en masse in the modern laws of armed conflict, there have been few, if any, instances of levée en masse taking place in modern armed conflicts. This article examines how and why the category of levée en masse developed. In doing so, this article situates the concept and evolution of levée en masse within the history of international humanitarian law more generally.

The Conventional Weapons Convention: Underlying Legal Principles

1990 ◽  
Vol 30 (279) ◽  
pp. 510-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frits Kalshoven
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
General Principle ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Severe Damage ◽  
Civilian Population ◽  
Legal Principles ◽  
Additional Protocol ◽  
Conventional Weapons ◽  
The Right

Neither the Convention on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use of Certain Conventional Weapons Which May be Deemed to be Excessively Injurious or to have Indiscriminate Effects, adopted in Geneva on 10 October 1980, nor the Protocols annexed to it specify in their operative parts the principles on which the prohibitions and restrictions rest. Such principles are, however, found in the preamble to the Convention.Four of the twelve preambular paragraphs are relevant here. They list: the “general principle of the protection of the civilian population against the effects of hostilities”; the principle “that the right of the parties to an armed conflict to choose methods or means of warfare is not unlimited”; the ban on “the employment in armed conflicts of weapons, projectiles and material and methods of warfare of a nature to cause superfluous injury or unnecessary suffering”; and the fact that it is prohibited “to employ methods or means of warfare which are intended, or may be expected, to cause widespread, longterm and severe damage to the natural environment.” The fifth paragraph reiterates the well-known Martens clause, in the formulation accepted for Article 1, paragraph 2, of Additional Protocol I of 1977.

scholarly journals IMPROVING THE PROVISION OF SURGICAL CARE TO THE CIVILIAN POPULATION WITH GUNSHOT WOUNDS TO THE CHEST IN CONDITIONS OF LOCAL ARMED CONFLICT

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-75
Author(s):  
V. V. Masljakov ◽  
A. Р. Chuprina ◽  
К. G. Kurkin
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Surgical Care ◽  
Gunshot Wounds ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
City Hospital ◽  
Not Given ◽  
Civilian Population ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
The City

The aim of the study is to improve the organization and provision of surgical care to civilians with gunshot wounds to the chest in the context of armed conflict on the example of the Chechen campaign.Materials and methods. The work is based on the analysis of medical care provided to 106 wounded with gunshot wounds to the chest from the civilian population in the period from 1991 to 2000. Medical care was provided on the basis of the surgical hospital of the city hospital No. 9 in Grozny.Results and discussion. Found that providing medical care to wounded with gunshot wounds of the chest when massive flow in terms of actual hostilities rendered by the forces and means of civil hospitals, has a certain specificity. It is due to the fact that in such conditions, in contrast to military medical organizations, there are no stages of evacuation, often the wounded are delivered by non-specialized and unsuitable vehicles on destroyed roads, while they are not given or given insufficient pre-medical care. In such conditions, the workload of medical personnel of civil medical institutions associated with the provision of medical care increases. In this regard, in our opinion, it is necessary to develop measures aimed at improving the algorithm aimed at minimizing various errors that occur in civilian medical institutions during the mass admission of wounded. 

scholarly journals PERLINDUNGAN ANAK YANG DITANGKAP OLEH MILITER ASING DI NEGARA KONFLIK

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faisal Riza
Keyword(s):  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Geneva Convention ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Civilian Population ◽  
Long Time

The presence of children in armed conflict is not a rare case and cannot be avoided. Therefore, the protection of children is needed because of the age of them are still young and need a care, protection, and affection more than families and people who are nearby. A child who was captured by a foreign army in a conflict country, a reality that is bitter and depressing. Children are part of the civilian population must be protected, as stated in Article 24 of Geneva Convention IV which ensures that the warring factions will take the necessary actions for children under fifteen years old, children orphaned separate from his family because of the war, would not be left alone. These children get the protection, maintenance, and assistance in the implementation of worship and education. This convention ensures that children will remain protected in armed conflicts. The results showed that children who carried out the arrest of foreign military in armed conflict is a war crime that should not be done, because the children were arrested will undergo traumatic and it took a long time to recover.

Displacement of Civilians during Armed Conflict in the Light of the Case Law of the Eritrea-Ethiopia Claims Commission

2009 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 823-851 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALLEHONE MULUGETA ABEBE
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
International Humanitarian Law ◽  
State Responsibility ◽  
Humanitarian Law ◽  
Civilian Population ◽  
The Law

AbstractThe awards on liability and damages for violations of international humanitarian law of the Eritrea-Ethiopia Claims Commission uncover both the extent of state responsibility for unlawful displacement and deportation of civilian population resulting from wrongful actions of belligerents under international law and the availability of remedies for victims of such violations. The Commission reached a number of important decisions based on government-to-government claims brought by Ethiopia and Eritrea for injuries, losses, and damage suffered by individuals and groups uprooted by the war. While these decisions bring to light the potential of international humanitarian law in addressing the plight of the displaced, they also expose the limitations of the tribunal's mandate and its interpretation of existing law. The aim of this essay is to analyse the case law of the Commission in the light of international law applicable to situations of displacement of civilians triggered by international armed conflicts, and evaluate the relevance of the Commission's jurisprudence for the development of the law in the field.

scholarly journals Armed Forces Operation in the Scope of the Civilian Health Protection during Peacekeeping and Stabilization Missions: A Short Review

10.37105/sd.9 ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 27-30
Author(s):  
Goniewicz Krzysztof ◽  
Goniewicz Mariusz ◽  
Dorota Lasota
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Health Protection ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Civilian Population ◽  
Civilian Protection

Nowadays, the diversity of armed conflicts determines the participants of international relations to undertake various actions in the scope of civilian health protection. It should be noted that tasks resulting from civilian protection are fulfilled in numerous manners, depending on the situation of the armed conflict. The article presents actions undertaken by the armed forces in the scope of the civilian health protection during peacekeeping and stabilization missions. There are also presented engagement of Polish armed forces in Afghanistan and their actions to improve the civilian population.

scholarly journals EXPERIENCE OF RENDERING MEDICAL AID IN MILITARY INJURY ACTIVE PHASE OF ARMED CONFLICT IN LUGANSK PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 37-43
Author(s):  
D. S. Parkhomchuk
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Active Phase ◽  
Civilian Population ◽  
Medical Aid ◽  
Medical Evacuation ◽  
Military Trauma

The article presents the results of a retrospective analysis of materials and documents of ambulance stations of the Lugansk People’s Republic for the period of the active phase of the armed conflict (2014– 2015) in organizing the provision of medical care for a military trauma. A brief description of sanitary losses among the civilian population and the militia is presented, as well as the problematic issues identified during the medical-evacuation provision of the population are indicated.  

Assistance to the civilian population: the development and present state of international humanitarian law

1992 ◽  
Vol 32 (288) ◽  
pp. 249-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise Plattner
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Present State ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
International Humanitarian Law ◽  
Humanitarian Law ◽  
Civilian Population ◽  
The Right

Bearing in mind the plethora of rules applicable in time of war, jurists define international law rather elaborately as follows:“International humanitarian law applicable in armed conflict means international rules, established by treaties or custom, which are specifically intended to solve humanitarian problems directly arising from international or non-international armed conflicts and which, for humanitarian reasons, limit the right of Parties to a conflict to use the methods and means of warfare of their choice or protect persons and property that are, or may be, affected by conflict”.

The protection of water in times of armed conflict

1995 ◽  
Vol 35 (308) ◽  
pp. 550-564
Author(s):  
Ameur Zemmali
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Humanitarian Law ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
Civilian Population ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Modern Warfare ◽  
Vital Resource

Water, life-giving and bounteous, the symbol of fertility and purity, is also a source of fear, risk and danger, of covetousness and conflict. Serving many purposes, all equally necessary, it constitutes a vital resource of which man has always tried to regulate the use and management. But unlike peacetime legislation, reflected in the customs and practices of the most ancient societies as well as in the domestic and international legal instruments of modern times, the law of armed conflicts has devoted only few of its provisions expressly — and belatedly — to water. This is not so much a criticism as an observation and may be explained by the fact that water is indispensable in all circumstances. Apart from the consequences of natural disasters, when water may be either threatening or threatened, some human activities can harm the environment and impair the population's means of survival, of which water is the most essential. The effects of pollution or armed conflict are a case in point. The experience of modern warfare has shown, alas, that the civilian population and civilian objects are exposed to military operations and that in some cases thirst can prove to be more deadly than weapons. The only remedy lies in respect for the universally recognized rules, and in the following article attention will be drawn to the provisions of humanitarian law which apply to the protection of water in wartime (I).

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