THE IDENTIFICATION OF THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PROCESS OF GRINDING AND COMPACTION OF THE BEE POLLEN BY WORKING BEES DURING BEE BREAD PREPARATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Mishchenko ◽  
◽  
Olesia Lytvynenko ◽  
Dmytro Kryvoruchko ◽  
Kristin Afara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bee Pollen ◽  
Bee Bread

Установлено особливості поведінки медоносних бджіл під час перероблення обніжжя на пергу. Дослідження проводилися на бджолиних сім’ях української степової породи, які відповідали вимогам стандарту. Установлено, що споживають бджоли обніжжя в основному до п’ятнадцятиденного віку, а перероблюють його для зберігання переважно у шістнадцяти - двадцяти п’ятиденному віці. Робочою частиною, яка бере участь в ущільненні обніжжя, є верхні щелепи, верхня губа й частина кліпеуса. В середньому тривалість споживання та ущільнення обніжжя, майже однакова. Для відкладання бджолами обніжжя на стільнику необхідні: наявність різновікових бджіл на стільнику; відповідна щільність бджіл на одиниці площі; наявність різновікового розплоду та кормових запасів на стільнику або поряд з ним на сусідньому стільнику. Ключові слова: бджолина сім’я, українська степова порода бджіл, бджолине обніжжя, перга, щелепи бджіл, вік бджоли, стільник, бджолиний розплід, комірки.

Specific GLC Method for Determining Residues of Carbaryl by Electron Capture Detection after Derivative Formation

1970 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 495-498
Author(s):  
Lillian I Butler ◽  
Leslie M Mcdonough
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Electron Capture ◽  
Electron Capture Detection ◽  
Specific Procedure ◽  
Bee Pollen ◽  
Bee Bread

Abstract Residues of carbaryl were determined by a specific procedure based on the preparation of two derivatives. Samples of bees, bee bread, bee pollen, and cows’ milk were extracted with chloroform and cleaned up by acetonitrile petroleum ether partitioning and then by liquid chromatography. Subsequently the residues were hydrolyzed to 1-naphthol, part of which was trichloroacetylated and part of which was brominated and acetylated. Both derivatives were then determined by electron capture gas chromatography on the same column and at the same temperature . This procedure required only slightly more time than analysis by preparation of a single derivative. Recoveries from samples fortified at levels of 0.005–16.0 p pm ranged from 70 to 112%.

scholarly journals The influence of honey enrichment with bee pollen or bee bread on the content of selected mineral components in multifloral honey

10.5219/1329 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 874-880
Author(s):  
Celina Habryka ◽  
Robert Socha ◽  
Lesław Juszczak
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Content ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Atomic Spectrometry ◽  
Bee Pollen ◽  
Fe Content ◽  
Zn Content ◽  
Bee Bread ◽  
Mineral Components ◽  
Iron And Zinc ◽  
Multifloral Honey

Bee products, such as honey, pollen, and bee bread, are an excellent source of bioactive ingredients, including minerals, having a health-supporting effect. However, due to the specific sensory properties of bee pollen and bee bread, the best way to include them in a diet is to add them to honey. Therefore, the aim of this paper was to evaluate the influence of the added bee pollen or bee bread on selected minerals content in multifloral honey. The mineral content was analyzed using absorption atomic spectrometry (FAAS) with prior dry mineralization. On the basis of obtained results, it was found that the addition of bee pollen or bee bread to honey significantly influences the content of selected macro- and microelements, excluding sodium. The greatest increase in mineral content was observed for magnesium, iron, and zinc. Enrichment of honey with the highest dose of bee pollen or bee bread resulted in an over 20-fold increase in the Mg and Fe content, and an over 14-fold increase in the Zn content. Honey enriched with the maximum addition of bee pollen was characterized by a higher content of K, Ca, Mg, Fe, and Cu compared to honey with bee bread. Due to a fact that both bee pollen and bee bread are good sources of minerals, their addition to honey significantly increases its ability to cover daily demand for macro- and microelements.

scholarly journals Тhe influence of the removal bee pollen with the pollen catcher on the flight activity and behaviour of the bees-polen collectors

2021 ◽  
pp. 25-33
Author(s):  
O. Mishchenko ◽  
O. Lytvynenko ◽  
K. Afara ◽  
D. Kryvoruchko
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Flight Activity ◽  
Protein Food ◽  
Bee Pollen ◽  
Bee Bread ◽  
Medium Strength ◽  
Productivity Potential ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Control ◽  
Protein Feed

The possibility of demonstration of the productivity potential of the bee families depends directly on the level of provision of protein feed. In this regard, the study of the bees behavior that is connected to harvesting and processing of protein food is important for both biology and practical beekeeping. The presented work provides some data of experimental studies of the influence of the removal of the bee pollen on the flight activity of bees. The study of the ethological features that enhance the increase of collection, harvesting and processing of the protein feed was conducted. With this purpose the studies were conducted to elucidate the factors that induce collection of the protein feed -bee pollen by bees and its harvesting in the nest of the bee family in the form of the bee bread. The factors that influence the increase of the collection of the protein feed by bees were researched on experimental and control bee families- analogues. Throughout the studies it was identified that the bees with medium strength were the most active in collecting the pollen. The removal of the bee pollen with pollen catchers decreases the raising of brood by bee families, but doesn’t result in their significant weakening. With the enlargement of the area of the open brood the collection of the pollen by bees increases. In order to obtain the saleable bee pollen the strong bee families should be kept on the apiary. The bees-collectors of the protein feed have the individual features of collecting the bee pollen. With the removal of thbrood from the nest the activity the bees that flew out decreased. When adding the open brood the activity increased. On the contrary, with supply of the bee pollen to the nest, the pollen collecting activity decreases and adding the carbohydrates has no effect. The removal of the bee pollen with the pollen catcher from the bee families increases the flight activity which in turn leads to obtaining more bee pollen on the apiaries and pollination of additional quantity of entomophilous plants. In order to obtain the saleable bee pollen the strong families should be kept on the apiary and the removal should be conducted in the morning and day hours. Key words: bee family, Ukrainian steppe breed, pollen, bee pollen, bee bread, pollen catcher, flight activity of bees.

The lactic acid bacteria involved in the production of bee pollen and bee bread

2009 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandra Vásquez ◽  
Tobias C. Olofsson
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Bee Pollen ◽  
Bee Bread

Bee bread and bee pollen of different plant sources: determination of phenolic content, antioxidant activity, fatty acid and element profiles

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1795-1809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazlı Mayda ◽  
Aslı Özkök ◽  
Nesrin Ecem Bayram ◽  
Yusuf Can Gerçek ◽  
Kadriye Sorkun
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Bee Pollen ◽  
Bee Bread ◽  
Plant Sources

scholarly journals Fungi infection in honeybee hives in regions affected by Brazilian sac brood

2014 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 1471-1478 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.M. Keller ◽  
M.V. Deveza ◽  
A.S. Koshiyama ◽  
W.S. Tassinari ◽  
O.M. Barth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Causative Agent ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Pupal Stage ◽  
Fungal Contamination ◽  
Endemic Region ◽  
Bee Pollen ◽  
Fungal Load ◽  
Bee Bread ◽  
Fungi Infection ◽  
Toxic Pollen

The Brazilian Sac Brood is a disease that affects apiaries of Africanized bee hives in Brazil, thereby making them susceptible to high losses. This study investigated the pathogenicity of Africanized bee hives by the entomopathogenic fungi in a Brazilian Sac Brood endemic region. The degree of fungal contamination, presence of mycotoxins in beehive elements, and vulnerability of healthy beehives in environments subjected and not subjected to the disease were investigated. From the contaminating fungal load, species that are mycotoxin producers and pathogenic causing mortality in the bees have been isolated. The analysis of bee pollen and bee bread samples did not show the presence of the toxic pollen of Stryphnodendron (Fabaceae), which has been indicated as the causative agent of mortality in pre-pupal stage larvae. However, bee bread showed the highest correlation between substrate and fungal contamination.

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